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paper keywords: moral conflict in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet
Abstract: Through the introduction and analysis of the concept of moral conflict, this paper reveals the contradictions and conflicts brought by the old feudal life and the new Renaissance life and the historical grievances between the two feudal families in Shakespeare's classical love tragedy Romeo and Juliet; And try to explore people's outlook on life, values and aesthetic orientation in the European Renaissance, as well as Shakespeare's new bourgeois ideas of personality liberation, freedom and equality as an advanced humanist in this historical era.
The so-called moral conflict refers to the situation that the actor is faced with: different moral principles and norms put forward different requirements for the same behavior, forcing the actor to make a choice between them. Faced with this situation, the actor can't comply with both requirements at the same time, and must give up another moral principle or norm in order to implement one moral principle or norm, and sacrifice another moral value in order to realize one moral value. That is to say, in the face of moral conflict, no matter what choice an individual makes, it will inevitably bring some sacrifices. In Romeo and Juliet, such a moral conflict runs through the beginning, development and end of the life of the hero and heroine, and finally it is solved completely, and they choose to die. Therefore, in the process of guiding students to learn this work, we should grasp this moral conflict and accurately grasp the inner world and spiritual outlook of the hero by revealing the moral contradictions and choices faced by the hero.
1. Introduction to the author and works
william shakespeare (1564 ~ 1616) is the most famous British dramatist and poet, and a master of humanistic literature in the European Renaissance. Shakespeare has made great contributions to the creation of drama and poetry. He wrote 37 plays, two long poems and a sonnet collection in his life, and his influence is still long and far-reaching today. In 1984, when the world's 1 great writers were elected, Shakespeare ranked first; He is known as "Zeus on Mount Olympia". Nowadays, "Teacher Sally is about to learn" has become a worldwide knowledge, and his works have been translated into 7 languages, becoming a printed matter second only to the Bible.
Romeo and Juliet, an early creation completed by the great British playwright in 1595, is regarded as "the greatest and most typical love tragedy in the world". The works are based on the children of two feuding families: Romeo and Juliet love each other at first sight, but their love is doomed to fail due to various practical reasons and accidental factors. The hero and heroine broke through the secularity of family hatred and pursued a pure love without hesitation, and eventually both died of double suicide, but the two families were reconciled. In his works, Shakespeare severely condemned the infighting and arranged marriage of feudal families through the love stories of life and death, and warmly praised the young men and women who pursued love and freedom, which fully embodied the humanistic thought. The tragic moral conflicts between feudal forces, together with humanistic love ideals and feudal concepts, all shocked and infected readers' hearts in a unique way of Shakespeare's expression, which triggered people's deeper thinking and exploration of these phenomena and made readers better understand the characteristics and laws of class social development.
2 moral conflict
2. 1 The moral conflict brought by the contradiction between the old feudal life and the new Renaissance life
Moral conflict is a special reflection of social class contradictions. In the process of moral choice, following different moral standards will produce different moral and value orientations. The particularity of moral conflict lies in the fact that when faced with different moral standards, actors are often in a dilemma-following the requirements of one moral standard but violating another; It protects the interests of this side, but it is difficult and inevitable to damage and offend the other side. In real social life, all kinds of moral conflicts are common, and the objectivity and inevitability among them are also problems that every researcher must seriously face and calmly analyze.
Romeo and Juliet lived in the dark and crumbling Middle Ages. Although the dawn of capitalism had already appeared in this period, the decadent feudal system and feudal ethics still played an important role. That is to say, the love between Romeo and Juliet actually came into being from the beginning between traditional ethics and new morality. Although the new strength is not strong, it reflects a direction of social development. Therefore, it is doomed that the love between Romeo and Juliet is inevitably impacted by feudal secular concepts, and the love between them is always stormy. Romeo and Juliet fell in love at first sight, which made them fall into the contradiction between their own love and feudal feud. Whether their pure and beautiful love ideal can be realized depends on the result of the struggle between their free will and the surrounding environment, and the whole play revolves around this conflict.
Although Romeo and Juliet lived in the period of feudal rule in the Middle Ages, people began to struggle fiercely with the decadent feudal rule in this era when the humanistic concept of pursuing individual liberation and freedom of thought continued to develop. Romeo and Juliet, the protagonists of the drama, first faced the contradiction of succumbing to feudal tradition or bravely pursuing love life. Pursuing love life means going against common sense and not being accepted by tradition; Giving up love life means putting up with life without love. Deeply influenced by the spirit of the times, Romeo and Juliet chose to defend the dignity and freedom of human nature with a firm attitude and brave spirit of sacrifice, and pursued a pure and beautiful love of their own. Finally, with the help of Father Lawrence, they happily completed their marriage. However, the result of their choice of a new life is bound to be oppressed and excluded by feudal forces. Boelte's provocation in the works means a feudal oppression of their love life. Faced with such oppression, Romeo, who loves life infinitely, hopes to resolve all kinds of contradictions through his own efforts, endure it again for his new life, and publicly show respect for his enemy's surname just like respecting his own surname. But this kind of tolerance is not the result he wants, but a forced duel. Romeo's duel symbolizes a spirit of resistance, but this spirit of resistance brings a more tragic ending. Romeo was exiled because he took part in a duel, which made the happy bride and groom who had just worked for a few hours face a painful separation; Romeo was exiled, and Juliet had to choose between a new life and an old tradition. In the face of Capulet's forced marriage, Juliet began to confront the feudal forces. Love gave her great strength and wisdom. Without fear, she disobeyed her father's orders without hesitation and resolutely refused to marry Paris. She fought rationally and calmly. First, she excused her cousin's sudden death, and sadness prevented her from getting married. Later, he made an excuse to repent, and finally got the help of the priest again, swallowed an sleeping medicine, pretended to die, and won. However, this victory is only temporary. No matter how full of reason and wisdom she is, feudal forces will not let her get real happiness. As Romeo realized before he died, they were not facing a family, but this "evil century", a feudal society full of decadent consciousness and prejudice.
2。 2. The moral conflict of the hero caused by the conflict between the two families < P >