Yang Jiong
The bonfire blazed in Xijing,
My heart is uneven.
Ya Zhang resigned from Feng Que's post,
Dragon city fighters.
Carve flags in the snow,
The wind is noisy and drums are everywhere.
Preferably a centurion,
Preferably a scholar.
Appreciation of Yang Jiong's Poems
At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the constant intrusion of Turkic and other ethnic minority military groups into the border areas became the biggest threat to the security of the northwest region. Many patriots share their worries for the country and join the army to defend Xinjiang and the country.
According to Gao Zongji, the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, "In the second year of Yonglong (68 1), Pei Xingjian, the minister of rites, was sent by the Turkic Kouyuanqing and other States (now Guyuan and Qingyang in Gansu) to discuss the Turkic literary tribes." At that time, Yang Jiong was a bachelor of Chongwen Museum, and soon he was promoted to Prince Zhan Zhisi. The poem "Joining the Army" expresses the indignation of Wenfu tribe's crazy invasion of the frontier in Tang Dynasty, and shows the poet's patriotism and fearless heroism in killing the enemy and serving the country.
This poem highlights the characteristics of emotional agitation in art, but the poetry is well controlled. The overall artistic picture is warm and unrestrained, yet "loose", filled with a subtle aesthetic feeling of ups and downs.
"The bonfire shines in Xijing, and my heart is uneven." The robbery of the frontier of Beacon ignited the poet's anger, thus pointing out that Tang Jun sent troops only in self-defense. Chang' an is thousands of miles away from the original Qing state, and the flame of the "bonfire" can't "shine" on Chang' an anyway. Poetry, on the other hand, covers the whole world with strong exaggeration, netting thousands of miles away at hand, vividly writing out the urgency of the approaching war. At a time when national security is seriously threatened, it is natural for the poet to join the army to kill the enemy and serve the country. These two sentences skillfully combine subjective feelings with objective pictures, which not only reveals the origin of emotional agitation, but also lays a moral foundation for the ups and downs of the following poems.
The second couplet, "Tooth Zhang Farewell Phoenix Que, Iron Ride Around Dragon City", depicts the heroic spirit of Tang Jun when he set out and the overwhelming momentum of going straight to the enemy's nest. "Yazhang" refers to the troops that went out on the orders of Emperor Yazhang, and it also includes the meaning of the soldiers sent to the northwest this time to protect the country and defend the country. A "word" concisely and accurately reproduces the impassioned lineup of soldiers. The word "fighter" not only shows that Tang Jun's military strength is strong and unstoppable, but also implies confidence in winning and contempt for the invincible heroic spirit of the enemy. The word "wai" vividly depicts the momentum of Tang Jun's rapid annihilation of the stubborn enemy, which makes people feel that soldiers are falling from the sky and lying in ambush everywhere, making it difficult for the enemy to fly over the iron drum. These two sentences seem to be "landscape language", but in fact they are full of feelings and make people feel heroic after reading them.
The third joint, "The flag is painted with dark snow and the wind is full of miscellaneous drums", focuses on the picture of Tang Junbing fighting the battlefield regardless of the cold. The fighting is fierce in the windy and snowy environment. Heavy snow covered the sky, and the colorful paintings on the national flag became blurred in the snowstorm. However, regardless of the ice and snow, the soldiers marched bravely against the howling north wind, beating gongs and drums. Poetry plays up the hardships of spilling blood on the battlefield from both audio-visual and sensory aspects, so as to set off the soldiers' high fighting spirit and their strong and irresistible enthusiasm for serving the country. At a shallow level, the picture of this couplet seems a little cold. In fact, if we brush away the cover of the external scenery and chew it repeatedly, we will feel the poet's fiery childlike innocence, highlighting the poet's superb means of expressing emotion through scenery.
At the end of the couplet, "A centurion is not as good as a scholar", echoing each other from beginning to end and expressing their own feelings. Originally, the poet's youth was successful, his career was prosperous, and his life was carefree. However, he did not regard fame and fortune as his own idea, but wanted to show his ambition, serve the country and do a sincere cause of defending the country. The poet thinks that if he can really join the army to serve the country and kill the enemy, even if he is only a junior officer, he is better than a stupid scholar who buried himself in old paper and died of old age under the awning window. In this choice, we can easily find that Yang Jiong's outlook on life is really different from those who blindly seize opportunities, abandon righteousness and profit, and put national interests under themselves. The final couplet is the crowning touch in the poet's mind, and it also pushes the emotional climax of the whole poem to the extreme. At this point, in the emotional torrent of the whole poem, a lyric hero image full of flesh and blood and three-dimensional sense stands out.
In addition, this poem is full of vitality and has unique achievements in form. "Joining the army" was originally an old topic in Yuefu, with the narrative of military war as its true color. Yang Jiong, on the other hand, creatively replaced trees with flowers, borrowed old topics to express his thoughts, and wrote neatly, lively, concise and flawless. Therefore, Wang Fuzhi highly praised Yang Jiong for "cutting Yuefu as the law, starting and ending at will, and melting into the world." This comment is really to the point.
There is a war in the south and the north.
Yang Jiong
It's far to the north,
The war in the south of the city is fierce.
Flags are like the wings of birds.
Armor is like fish scales.
Cold water hurts horses,
Too worried about killing people.
Understand the sun with one inch of heart,
Thousands of miles of dark yellow dust.
Appreciation of Yang Jiong's Poems
The Battle of the South of the City is a five-character poem written by Yuefu. Although the poem tells the story of the military career of the expedition to the frontier fortress in the tone of a combatant, it is different from the poem "The Battle of the South of the City" written by Han Yuefu, and it is like a river of blood and cannot be read. When describing the war, the hero in the poem is full of pride, confidence and hope for victory. The style of poetry is vigorous and powerful, full of strong patriotism. As Li commented in Yu Cun Shi Hua: "It is rich and simple, and it is also a founding atmosphere." After reading it, I was very excited and became one of the representative works of the poet.
The first couplet begins with a dialogue, and the sentence explains the location of the war directly, as if the painter's pen had drawn a broad background outside the Great Wall first.
Every sentence is to the point, describing the war scene positively, implying the tragic scene of "the war in the south of the city, the death of the country in the north, and the wild death without burying the dead" The poet's summary, which was sobbing, was soaked with tears, simple and sincere.
Zhuan Xu described the battlefield scene by approximate sketch. The standard is hunting, the helmet is shiny, and the knife and blood are faintly visible. The method of parallelism and embellishment makes the form of war very imposing, which not only shows the greatness of the army, but also shows the fighting spirit of the soldiers. From the poem, readers can deeply feel the pulse of the hero in the poem: excited heart, proud feeling, running around and killing each other.
In life and death, people's mood is more complicated and unpredictable. After a flurry, feelings followed. So the neckline naturally becomes a lyrical narrative. "Cold water hurts a horse", which is translated from Chen Lin's poem: "Drinking horses in the caves of the Great Wall, Shui Han hurts a horse's bones. Call the Great Wall officials,' Be careful not to detain Taiyuan soldiers! "(Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Cave) is ostensibly about horses, but in fact it is about people, subtly expressing the meaning that it is not appropriate to" miss "when the border is bitter and cold." Hate Taiwan and worry about killing people ",and further express your mind with the sentence meaning of Song Yu's" Sad Autumn and Anger ". The autumn wind is chilly, the grass outside the Great Wall is withered, and the bleak atmosphere adds homesickness. This couplet truly reflects the thoughts and feelings of the vast number of soldiers beyond the Great Wall, and is also the expression of the poet's ideological tendency.
The tail couplet ends with a scene of "a thousand miles of dark yellow dust", which not only depicts the natural scenery of yellow sand flying in the desert, but also renders the fierce war, covering the sky with dust for thousands of miles. However, the soldier's heart is full of bright sunshine. The phrase "one inch of heart knows the sun" is implicit and meaningful, with novel words, rich connotations and strong artistic generalization, which tells a bright inner world. His heart was tied to his motherland, and with the confidence to win, he died and continued to recruit soldiers to serve the king in the battlefield.
I miss the people
Yang Jiong
My concubine stayed in Nanchu,
Recruiters went north to Yan.
One day in Sanqiu,
Less than a thousand years.
Without building a red building,
No matter how much you count.
Acacia moonlit night,
Skim across the white sky.
Appreciation of Yang Jiong's Poems
This poem is about a young woman who is alone in the boudoir and deeply misses her husband who went to the frontier fortress by the expeditionary force. In the early Tang Dynasty, the frontier was constantly in war, and the poet wrote this poem out of emotion. Through the delicate description of the heroine's psychology, the poem reflects the pain brought by the war to the people, and expresses the poet's war-weariness and deep sympathy for the unfortunate.
The first couplet is a neat antithesis: "My concubine stays in South Chu and my husband goes to North Yan", which is told in the heroine's self-pity tone. She lives in the south of the Yangtze River and her husband has gone to Saibei, so she can't compete with Qi Fei, so she can only stay at home alone. These seemingly straightforward two sentences are full of bitterness and passion. Ten words shaped the image of a young woman who felt sorry for herself and was helpless. This poem uses expressive words. "Bitch concubine"
If you are a "husband", your husband will go and your concubine will be self-abased. This layer is also sad. "Southern Chu" and "Northern Yan" are thousands of miles apart, and this second layer is also sad. The words "Liu" and "Xiang" are also well written, and "Xiang" also represents time and space. "Recruiting a husband" to "Beiyan" is to participate in the war.
This is far from the parting in the past, and the death of her husband is unpredictable, which increases the concern about women's thinking.
As the saying goes, "there must be resentment when there is difference, and resentment will be beneficial." Parallel prose closely follows the parting intention of the first couplet, imitating the heroine's "heart is full of thoughts, chest is full of anger";
"One day in Sanqiu is less than a thousand years." A day away from Sanqiu is like a thousand years' experience, and young women miss each other. Here, we describe Sifu's resentment after he just separated from her husband with two sentences: "He is picky but never sees Xi for a day" in The Book of Songs and "I walk Wan Li Road" in Biefu. Dozens of words in two poems can make a woman's inner pain clear at a glance
Ties turn to describe the behavior of thoughtful women. "Don't hide the red chamber", she frowned and fidgeted. The word "don't hide" is cleverly used, which is more novel and interesting than the old-fashioned "hiding the boudoir". She may be standing on the roof, expecting the back of her husband's departure; Maybe I'm expecting someone to comfort myself; Maybe it's a listless stair door. In short, let the reader use her imagination to enrich her flesh and blood. "No matter how much green money", in loneliness, she swept her eyes to the moss in the courtyard. How about endless green? When people are empty, the moss will continue to increase, and this is the only moss left with her in the future. Shen Yue wrote in "From the Winter Festival to the First Car of the Prime Minister": "The guest steps are full of green money, and the guests live in purple moss." Yang Jiong used moss in his poems to express his emptiness and loneliness, and there are other meanings. He once wrote Ode to Moss, praising Moss: "Don't give birth to a classification. If you go to Beijing and Vietnam in the west, you will have green leeks and green money, as well as golden moss and stone hair. Moss is cheap, and moss is deep.
Husband also gives in, and stays warm when he is dry; It is also very modest, and often turns its back on Yang and Yin. I don't think it's obvious to emphasize secrets, and I don't feel heavy in mountains and rivers. There are comfortable people, an upright man is open and poised. The tragic heroine in the poem compares Moss with herself in the hope of self-liberation. "Counting green money", a few novel figurative words, vividly depicts the heroine's boring and lazy psychology. Although the word "no matter" seems dull, it shows her sadness and the multi-level beauty in her character: affectionate, calm, loyal and simple.
Tail couplet "Acacia moonlit night, send white clouds". The "bright moon" is heartless, but the moonlit night can't help but arouse people's endless concern and thinking. Although Baiyun Tian describes the white clouds floating in the sky, it contains the artistic conception that makes wanderers homesick. Taking "Tiaodi" as the beginning of the sentence, its focus is not only on depicting the lofty and vast blue sky, but also on pointing out the "homesickness of wanderers", which is actually the inner imagination of homesick women. Of course, it can also be understood from another angle as parting between the two places, a kind of melancholy. But it is better to express the infinity and violence of "lovesickness" through thinking about women, and it is easier to express the central idea of poetry. "Love and scenery are in harmony, thinking and environment are in harmony", although it is exhaustive, it has profound implications.
This poem has neat meter, harmonious rhyme and bright colors. The Red Chamber, Green Money, Bright Moon and White Clouds are colorful and charming. "Sanqiu", "someday", "Xiaobie" and "Millennium" are quantifiers, which are deep in artistic conception and do not feel complicated. Just eight poems perfectly shape the vivid image of a homesick woman, which is touching and gripping.
on the way
Yang Jiong
The long word Ding Yi,
Point to Jin Yong.
It's a long way to go, Xiu Yuan,
Mountains and rivers run into rivers.
Usually,
There are many peaks in the cloud.
Willow in the dark garden,
Pine trees on Pavilion Hill.
The guests were very unhappy,
There is no way to cry alone.
Appreciation of Yang Jiong's Poems
Yang Jiong was implicated by his younger brother Yang Shenrang, who took part in the conquest of Wu Zetian in Xu Jingye. In 685, he was demoted to join the army in Zizhou (now Santai County, Sichuan Province). On the way, a five-character poem was probably written on the way to Zizhou, expressing the sadness and fear of homesickness.
The first two sentences of this poem describe that the poet bid farewell to Chang 'an, the capital of China, and went to a border town. The word "leisurely" is repeatedly used in the first sentence, which vividly conveys the poet's frustration. The next sentence is about "going", which makes the character more vivid and full: he is worried and in a hurry.
"Ding Yi" is opposite to "Jin Yong", and its words are solemn and magnificent, revealing the unfairness of the aftermath, which is tangent to the feeling of being demoted as "Ding Yi" and "on the road". The next two sentences explain the previous couplet: "Walking on Wan Li Road, mountains and rivers are hundreds of miles long", describing the vacillation of poets in the journey, thousands of miles away, surrounded by mountains and rivers, and the road is hard, how can they be discouraged! He lamented the hard work of the service, crying like complaining, and his words were sad. Obviously, the poet didn't go away for promotion, nor did he defend his border against foreign aggression. As a result, the lofty spirits of "chivalrous men go around again, and the golden whip controls the purple enamel" and "making a fortune in the South China Sea and singing northern songs" are gone, and there is no leisure and elegance to browse the landscape. It embodies the poet's inner feelings in a specific environment. The fifth and sixth sentences not only describe the vagaries of the journey, but also describe the stormy waves in the chest: "Hot spots are common, and there are many peaks in the clouds." This can be interpreted as the poet's journey experience:
When the wind blows, everything on the ground is singing, the clouds turn over and the clouds stack in the sky; The cold wind blows hard, and the drifting white clouds remind the wanderer of his thoughts. It can also be regarded as the poet's thought: relying on talent, arrogant and arrogant, and there are many cynicism at ordinary times. Besides, if he is on the cusp, how can there be no trouble above, and there is an uproar below, and gossip and public criticism are like clouds pouring out of the mountains! Shouldn't all kinds of blows be expected The resentment here is beyond words. Self-forgiveness is obvious. The seventh and eighth sentences describe the scenery. "Ancient Poetry" said that "the grass by the green river and the willow in the gloomy garden" originally described a pleasant spring scenery. Here in Yang Jiong, only the willows in the shady garden were chosen to leave. Imagine a person who has been demoted. At this moment, he can only feel sad. The eighth sentence "pine on the pavilion" is derived from "Ancient Poetry" and "Green Mausoleum on the cypress". Shan Li thought this sentence was "in a word". For a long time, poets wrote pines and cypresses with immortal meaning, borrowed the word "mountain ridge" and took lofty and great meaning.
The poet not only used traditional techniques here, but also transplanted the artistic conception in ancient poetry: "Qingling is on the cypress, and Lei Lei is among the stones. Life between heaven and earth is like a traveler. " At first, cypress trees and stones were used to raise "travelers", which is a metaphor for how fast time passes and how depressed life is. In fact, these two poems also contain the meaning that standing straight is not as good as swaying in the wind. Serina Liu's poem "Give Brother" says: "The pine trees in Tingshan Mountain are a stroke in the valley. When the wind is strong, pine branches are strong. First frost is miserable and always right at the end of the year. Not cold, pine and cypress are sexual. " In adversity, the poet takes "the pavilion is loose" as the driving force. Here, the poet also secretly used the relationship between sentences in ancient poetry to pave the way for the end of the whole poem. "The guest's heart is extremely unhappy" means "suddenly like a passer-by, competing for wine to entertain themselves". The original poem said that life is too short to indulge in debauchery and pleasure. But the poem here says that "guests are extremely unhappy", which means that wine can't relieve worries, and deep worries can't comfort them. Push the boat with the current, ending with "tears in my hometown alone" Tears of homesickness flow alone without complaint. Not only is he traveling without a partner, but more importantly, he is mentally lonely and depressed. No one knows himself without a bosom friend.
This is where the poet really feels sad.
"Preface to the Collection of Wang Bo" points out: "In the early days of Longshuo, there were various literary venues, contending for graceful and graceful, and contending for sculpture. Golden jade and dragons are mixed, and chaos is purple and blue. The video is partial, and the fake pair is called beauty. The spine is exhausted and the vitality is unknown. " It can be seen that he was very opposed to "bureaucracy" and paid attention to "backbone". On the Road is a short line, fresh and vigorous, full of vigor and vitality. Use the meaning of ancient poetry, or use sentences into poetry, copy innovative artistic conception, and make people read naturally and smoothly. Although the poem is short, it can be opened and closed freely, with ups and downs. Bixing is decent, the scene blends, and the style is deep but not dull. In addition, the overlapping use of words such as "Youyou", "Zou", "Qingqing" and "Tingting" enhances the rhyming beauty of this poem.
Send Zhao Zong at night.
Yang Jiong
Zhao Lian bicheng,
Isolated from the world.
Send the king back to his old residence,
The moon is full of thousands of rivers.
Appreciation of Yang Jiong's Poems
See Zhao Zong at Night is a farewell poem, but it is unique and novel. As Wang Chao-Mao pointed out in "Debate on Poetry": "Three sentences are finished, and the virtual realm is used before and after." Poetry is sincere, charming and beautiful.
The first sentence is "Zhao Lian", which means that the poet will be compared with the national treasure. The second sentence: "From the origin to the world" spread all over the world in the name of Meiyu, further metaphorically referring to Zhao Zong's fame. His fame spread everywhere. This is Yang Jiong's sincere admiration for expressing his feelings through others' mouths and euphemistically praising his friends. The third sentence, "Send the monarch back to his old house", was originally a straightforward explanation, but it can support the whole poem. The first sentence of concern has profound meaning. Writing here, the theme of "returning to Zhao in perfect condition" came out. The poet is ingenious and ambitious, which makes people impressed. It is speculated that Zhao is always a respected celebrity, who resigned from his hometown because of frustration in his career. In the eyes of the poet, he is far away from the hubbub, pure and flawless, and "returned to Zhao intact." "Send the monarch back to the old mansion", similar to the vernacular sentence, is really the finishing touch, which gives the previous figurative sentence a foothold and the following situational sentence a basis and can fully express the theme. The poet's sympathy, comfort, praise and admiration for his friends also vividly reappeared. "The moon is full of thousands of rivers", which describes the pure scenery. Shen Yifu, a Song Dynasty man, thought that "it is best to bond feelings with scenery" and "it contains infinite meaning". The poem tells us that the farewell time is on the night when the moon is in the sky and the place is by the flowing river.
When a friend Zhang Fan was in the distance, the poet stood there looking into the distance, only to see the cold moonlight spread all over the earth, and the meaning of emptiness and loneliness was attacking people. The conclusion truly expresses the poet's deep feelings after bidding farewell to his old friend: melancholy and emptiness. However, he was glad that his friend "returned it to Zhao intact" and retired from his hometown, showing his hatred of officialdom and even escapism.
The outstanding feature of this poem is that it is easy to understand, the metaphor is easy to understand, and the scenery is extremely natural and appropriate. "Suddenly meet, so as to make a chapter, do not cut the rope", the scenery is written emotionally, the scene is mixed, rich and profound.
Guangxixia
Yang Jiong
The first of the Three Gorges in Guangxi,
Looking forward to both Sichuan and land.
The mountain road goes around the sheep intestine,
Fish belly in jiangcheng town.
Baizhangyan, Qiao Lin,
Flying water and Chihiro Falls.
The waves returned to the sky,
The whirlpool turned into a deep valley.
Han's The Last Cloud Season,
The Central Plains competed for deer.
There are heroes in the world,
There is a dragon in Xiangyang.
Changshan gathers troops,
Yong' an xingban building
The pool platform suddenly tilted,
The national family suddenly regressed.
Mediocre people are like Liu Chan,
Loyal to Zuo Wei's confidant.
The risk still exists,
When there is no Jia Sheng crying.
Appreciation of Yang Jiong's Poems
The poet served as a judicial army in Zizhou for nearly four years. When he left Sichuan in the first year of natural grant (690) and passed through the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, he wrote three five-character ancient poems, Guangxixia, Wuxia and Xiling Gorge, which vividly described the beautiful scenery of the Three Gorges, deeply praised the beautiful mountains and rivers of the motherland and expressed his feelings of exploring the ancient secluded places. As the first poem, Guangxi Gorge is a successful travel note.
Guangxi Gorge, now Qutang Gorge, is magnificent and ranks first in the Three Gorges. The poem is straightforward, and the first sentence is to the point, highlighting the important geographical position of Guangxi Gorge. The second sentence, "Looking at Sichuan and Land", tells the author's impression of overlooking the Three Gorges by boat. The situation map of the first gorge is "looking at both Sichuan and land" This is a landscape overlooking Kuimen, where the Yangtze River rushes, the wilderness exits on both sides, and the oncoming Kuimen stands tall. The poem starts from the big picture, and its artistic conception is grand and extraordinary, showing the majestic outline of the first gorge. The word "open-minded" vividly reproduces the poet's demeanor. He looked ahead from a distance, and his admiration was aroused by his feelings. The boat gradually approached, and after the telephoto lens, the second picture showed: "The mountain road goes around the sheep intestine, and the fish belly in Jiangcheng Town." The narrow path twists and turns halfway up the mountain. When people on board look up, they can see the steep mountain. Xiakou Town, Kuizhou City is located by the river, guarding Bai Di City.
It seems to be an understatement, inadvertently bringing out this military fortress, because the next four sentences are to describe the scenery in the gorge: "Qiao Lin Bai Zhang, flying water and waterfalls. The shock wave returned to the sky and the vortex became a deep valley. " The poet's past position, left and right, vividly described the magnificent and strange scene of Guangxi Gorge. A 100-foot-high forest on the cliff swooped down head-on, which is exactly the spectacle you can enjoy on the turbulent boat in the canyon. Cliff ups and downs, flying in front of the ship. The river in the canyon, the stormy waves beat high in the sky, and the vortex became a valley. Four poems show the personality of Guang Xixia. In Yang Jiong's works, Guangxi Gorge is different from Wuxia Gorge, which is full of mountains, green hills and berries, and Xiling Gorge, which is full of southern customs and waves. Qu, Wuxia Xiu and Lingxian are all representatives in his Three Gorges poems.
From the ninth sentence, the poem turned to praise history and express feelings. "Yunji in the Past of Han Dynasty" is a continuation of the previous sentence "Fish Belly in Jiangcheng Town". Fish belly is the foundation stone of Shu Han. Poets who are interested in making contributions here will naturally think of heroes, Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang when they visit here. "Changshan gathers troops, Yongan promotes the construction version", which is a praise for Liu Bei's achievements. "The pool collapsed and the state collapsed", which is a sigh for the rapid demise of Shu. These ups and downs are magnificent, depicting a changing historical picture.
The last four sentences are arguments, but they are narrative, reasoning and lyrical. In Shen Deqian's words, they are "touching". "Mediocrity is like Liu Chan, loyalty is Zuo Wei's confidant", which means that a fatuous monarch can't get help from wise and loyal ministers. After Liu Bei entrusted the orphan to Bai Di, Zhuge Liang faithfully assisted him, but the fatuous Adou couldn't help him. The word "if" here is meaningful, which broadens the scope of criticism and strengthens the vigilance of poetry. "Danger can still exist, when there is no Jia Sheng crying", the meaning of the sentence is decisive, the allusions are appropriate and the feelings are profound.
This five-character ancient poem has a well-balanced structure, with every four sentences as a section. The context is clear and the level is deep. Scenery, narration, lyricism and discussion are integrated into one, which is natural and fully shows the theme. Lu Shiyong said that Yang Jiong's poems were "rich" in "A General Theory of Poetry Mirrors", which can also be seen from this poem.