Mulan Poetry/Mulan Ci
Southern and Northern Dynasties: Anonymous
Chatting, Mulan is knitting at home. I can't hear the loom, but I hear the woman sigh. Ask a woman what she thinks and what she remembers. Women have nothing to think about, and women have nothing to remember. Last night, I saw the military post, and Khan ordered more soldiers. The military books have 12 volumes, all with the names of lords. Grandpa has no eldest son, Mulan has no big brother, and she is willing to be a pommel horse, so she will sign for him from now on.
Buy horses in the east, saddles in the west, reins in the south and whip in the north. When I said goodbye to my parents, I was by the Yellow River at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard the Yellow River splashing. Say goodbye to the Yellow River and go to Montenegro at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard Yanshan Hu riding a horse.
Wan Li to Rongji, the mountain is flying. The breath of the new moon is golden, and the cold light is iron. The general died in battle, and the strong man returned in ten years.
See you later, the son of heaven is sitting in the hall. Policy 12 turn, before reward 100. Khan asked him what he wanted. Mulan doesn't need Shang, but she is willing to send her son to his hometown.
My parents heard about the woman and went out to help Guo; As soon as Sister A heard that Sister Mei was coming, she had to cut her red makeup. When I heard my sister coming, I sharpened my knife at pigs and sheep. Open my East Pavilion door, sit in my West Pavilion bed, take off my wartime robe and wear my old clothes. When the window is decorated with clouds, the mirror is yellow. When I went out to meet the fire companions, I was both surprised and busy: I spent twelve years together, but I didn't know Mulan was a girl.
Male rabbits have messy feet and female rabbits have blurred eyes; When two rabbits walk side by side, can I tell if I am a male or a female?
translate
Sighs came and went, and Mulan was weaving against the door. There was no sound of loom weaving, only Mulan sighed. Ask Mulan what she is thinking. Ask Mulan what she is thinking. (Mulan answers) I didn't think anything, nothing. I saw the draft documents last night and learned that the monarch was recruiting on a large scale. There are so many conscription documents, each with his father's name on it. My father has no eldest son, and Mulan (I) has no brother. Mulan was willing to go to the market to buy saddles and horses for this, so she began to fight instead of her father.
Harnesses can be bought everywhere in the market. I left my parents the next morning and camped by the Yellow River at night. I can't hear my parents calling my daughter, I can only hear the sound of the Yellow River flowing. Leave the Yellow River on the road the next morning and arrive in Montenegro in the evening. I can't hear my parents calling for my daughter, but I can only hear the chirping of Hu Bing's war horses in Yanshan.
It's not far from Wan Li to go to the battlefield, and it's as fast as flying over mountains and mountains. The sound of knocking came from the cold in the north, and the moonlight reflected the armor of the soldiers. Soldiers fought many wars, some died for their country, some fought for many years and returned home in triumph.
When he returned victorious, he appeared in front of the emperor sitting in the palace. I have made great contributions to Mulan, and I have received two hundred gold, and more. When the emperor asked Mulan what she wanted, Mulan said that she didn't want to be a businessman, but wanted to ride a swift horse back to her hometown.
Parents heard that their daughter was back and helped each other to meet her outside the city; When my sister heard that she was back, she dressed up in front of the door. My brother heard that my sister came back and was busy sharpening the knife and killing pigs and sheep. Every room opened and went in to have a look. They took off their battle clothes, put on the clothes of girls before, arranged their beautiful hair in front of the window and mirror, and hung decorations on their faces in front of the mirror. When I went out to see the fire companion who was fighting together, the fire companion was surprised. After walking together for several years, they didn't even know Mulan was a girl.
When the rabbit's ears are hanging in mid-air, the front foot of the male rabbit is always moving, and the eyes of the female rabbit are always narrowing, so it is easy to tell. The male rabbit and the female rabbit run side by side. How can we tell which rabbit is male and which is female?
To annotate ...
Haw (jρjρ): The sound of a textile machine. Speaking of sighing, Mulan stopped to sigh because she was not interested in weaving.
Danghu (dānghù): Facing the gate.
Machine sound: the sound made by a loom. Machine: refers to the loom. Raft: Weaving shuttle (Sue is not here).
Only: only.
H: what?
Remember: Miss, Miss.
Military service certificate: conscription document.
Khan (kèhán): the title of the monarch by all ethnic groups in ancient northwest China.
Twelve volumes of the art of war: there are many volumes on the draft list. 12 means a lot, not exactly. The following "twelve turns" and "twelve years" are used in this way.
Grandpa: Like the "grandpa" below, they all refer to the father.
Willing to be a saddle horse: for this. Market, buy. Pommel horse, generally refers to horse and harness.
Jiān: the cushion under the saddle.
PEY: Control the chews, bridles and reins of animals.
Remarks: Leave and say goodbye.
Jiānjiān: the sound of water spraying.
Dan: In the morning.
But sense of smell: you can only hear.
(Ji): Our war horse. Hu, the ancient name of northern minorities.
Gigi: The sound of horses barking.
Tianzi: That is "Khan" mentioned earlier.
Wan Li to Rongji: Not far from Wan Li, to the battlefield. Military aircraft: refers to war.
Fly over the mountain: cross the mountain like flying, cross the mountain. Degrees, over.
Shu à: the sound of cold playing in the north. New moon, north. Gold (tuò), that is. The iron pot used by the ancient army was used for cooking during the day and vigil at night.
Cold light and iron clothes: the cold moonlight shines on the soldiers' armor.
Mingtang: The bright hall, here is the palace.
Xie Xun Twelve Turn (Zhu m: n): Great achievements. Tactical training, record merit. Round, each level of honor is called round, and the twelfth level is the highest honor. Twelve turns: not an exact number, described as extremely high.
Qiáng: Give a lot of property. Hundred thousand: describe a large number. Strong, more than enough.
Ask what you want: Ask (Mulan) what she wants.
No: unwilling to do it.
Shang: an official of Shangshu Province. Shangshu Province was an institution of the ancient imperial court to manage state affairs.
Hope to gallop thousands of miles: I hope to gallop thousands of miles.
Guo: Outer city.
Help: support. Will: Auxiliary words, no translation.
Sister (zǐ): Sister.
Rb: tidy up.
Zhuāng: refers to the gorgeous costumes of women.
HuT HuT: Simulate the sound of sharpening a knife.
Zhuó: Pass the word "zhe" with the word "zhe" and wear it.
Cloud sideburns (bìn): cloud-like sideburns describe beautiful hair.
Iron (ti) is yellow: Tie is a common word. Flower yellow, the facial ornament of ancient women.
The male rabbit's feet are confused and the female rabbit's eyes are blurred: It is said that when the rabbit's ears are hanging in the air, the male rabbit's front feet move from time to time, and the female rabbit's eyes are often squinted, which is easy to identify. Flip, scrape and swing. Blurred and squinted.
When two rabbits walk beside the ground, Ann can tell whether I am a male or a female: When two rabbits run very close to the ground, how can we tell which is the male and which is the female? 42. "Fire": connected with "Gang". People who fought side by side in ancient times ate the same pot, and later translated it as people in the same industry.
Ok: read háng.
Bàng: Run side by side against the ground.
Mulan poetry teaching plan
Teaching objectives:
1. Repeat the whole poem; Analyze key sentences and summarize the expressive effect of rhetorical devices in this paper.
2. Understand the twists and turns of the poem and the image characteristics of Mulan through reading and retelling.
3. Understand the image of Mulan, an ancient heroine, and learn the patriotic spirit of the ancient working people.
Teaching methods:
Recitation: Read aloud repeatedly, feel the language characteristics of folk songs, and find out the rules of recitation.
Discussion on teaching methods: the material arrangement in this paper is more detailed. Why is this arrangement? It is difficult to organize students to discuss the center of this paper.
Teaching focus:
1. Appreciate Mulan, the heroic image of ancient women. 2. Experience the language features of the text.
Teaching difficulties:
Experience the characteristics of writing with appropriate details.
Teaching process:
First, scene import
Students, do any of you know the famous heroine in the history of our country?
Students think and raise their hands to answer. (For example: Mu, Liang Hongyu, Matchmaker, Mulan, etc. )
Yes, there was a heroine in ancient China who disguised as a man and joined the army as her father-Mulan. She has become a well-known heroine for thousands of years. Let's take a look at the heroine's heroism.
Second, the solution of background problems
Mulan Poetry, also known as Mulan Ci, is a Yuefu folk song created by Guo Maoqian in the Song Dynasty. It originated in the Northern Wei Dynasty and was created by the people. In the process of long-term circulation, it has been polished by later scholars and passed down from generation to generation, becoming an excellent poem in China's classical poetry. Mulan Poetry and Peacock Flying Southeast are called two wonderful flowers in the history of China's poetry.
Third, poetry reading, preliminary perception
1. The teacher plays the reading audio. Let the students underline the words they don't know when listening, and pay attention to the change of rhythm when reading.
2. Let the students read aloud freely. Requirements: correct pronunciation, clear the meaning of the text and grasp the emotion.
3. Students read aloud in groups.
Fourth, the overall feeling, approach Mulan.
1. What's the story of this poem?
A: This poem tells the story of Mulan disguised as a man to join the army instead of her father.
2. On the basis of reading the text aloud, let the students retell Mulan's story according to their own preliminary understanding.
3. Guide students to grasp the content and structure of poetry as a whole. Guide students to think and fill in the blanks;
Clear up the plot:
Mulan stopped (sighing) and made up her mind (to join the army for her father) to reunite with her relatives (reunion) from the army (preparing for war) to the battlefield for ten years (fighting).
According to the sequence of the story's occurrence, development and ending. The text of this poem can be divided into three parts:
The first part (paragraph 1-3) describes Mulan's identity, explains the reasons for joining the army, and writes about Mulan's preparations before going to war and her experiences and feelings during her journey.
The second part (the fourth paragraph) describes Mulan's Long March and her victorious life for more than ten years.
The third part (paragraphs 5-6) describes Mulan's return to China to see the son of heaven, her request to return to her hometown without success, and the situation that her parents, sisters and brothers welcome Mulan to reunite with her relatives.
The last paragraph is an attachment, which is a metaphor for rabbits and praises Mulan.
Fifth, character appreciation and reading exploration. (courseware)
1. Character appreciation:
What kind of woman do you think Mulan is? What sentences can you see from the text?
Example: (1) Haw-haw, Mulan is a weaver. I can't hear the loom, but I hear the woman sigh. -Diligence and filial piety.
(2) I am willing to be a city pommel horse and sign for you from now on. "Willing"-brave and firm, loyal and filial.
(3) "Wan Li to Rongji, if the mountain flies. The breath of the new moon is golden, and the cold light is iron. The general died in a hundred battles, and the strong man returned in ten years. " -Brave and strong heroism.
(4) Mulan does not need to be paid. She is willing to send her son back to his hometown not far from Wan Li. I don't want to be rich, I just want to live an ordinary life.
(5) When I went out to see my fire companions, they were all surprised and busy. After traveling together for twelve years, I didn't know Mulan was a girl. -Wisdom and prudence.
The teacher summed up: Mulan's image characteristics, while analyzing, while writing on the blackboard: deeply understand the righteousness, go forward, be brave in fighting, not seek fame and fortune, be cautious and alert.
2. Reading survey:
(1) In the second paragraph, four cities, east, west, north and south, are written in compound sentence. Why not buy everything in one place? Is it complicated to write like this? It's not complicated (1) plays up the tense atmosphere before the war, indicating that the war is urgent. (2) shows that Mulan is busy preparing and eager to go out. (3) A common way to write Yuefu poems.
(2) The fourth paragraph describes Mulan's resignation and going home. What rhetorical devices are used to express Hua Mulan's feelings? In an exaggerated way, Mulan made great contributions and received many rewards from the emperor. Hua Mulan refused to resign, which showed her noble sentiment of longing for a quiet working life and not seeking fame and fortune.
(3) In the fifth paragraph, what rhetorical devices did Mulan use to go home and reunite with her relatives? What kind of mood did she show? Parallelism plays up the reunion and happy atmosphere of Mulan's family and shows Mulan's happy mood when she comes home.
(4) What is the function of postscript in the text? Like Mulan. Mulan's wit and caution are once again displayed.
(5) What is the central idea of this poem? Through the story of Mulan disguised as a man and joined the army for her father, this poem shows the optimistic and brave patriotic spirit of the ancient working people and their yearning for a peaceful working life.
(6) What sentences describe her feelings during the trip? When I said goodbye to my parents, I was by the Yellow River at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard the Yellow River splashing. Say goodbye to the Yellow River and go to Montenegro at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard Yanshan Hu riding a horse.
(7) What is the reason for using rabbits as metaphors at the end of the poem? At the end of the paragraph, a rabbit metaphor is used to explain that in the life of "ten years of war", the reason why Mulan is a girl cannot be recognized. It can be seen that Mulan not only cleverly concealed her female identity in the hard fighting life, but also made contributions to the country as bravely as men, and the image of a clever and brave heroine was vividly presented to us.
3, detailed analysis: students discuss clearly:
(1) reasons for joining the army-detailed description
Preparation before the War-Detailed Writing
Homesickness in the war-specifically,
A detailed description of the daughter's modality
Flying over mountains and fighting on the battlefield ―― Brief introduction,
Briefly describe heroism
Return home in triumph ―― A detailed description
Family greetings-detailed writing
Modification of Mulan ―― Detail Description
(1) What are the characteristics of this poem in narrative details? Appropriate details (in structure) make the whole poem concise and compact.
In content, it highlights Mulan's children's modality, enriches Mulan's heroic character and makes the characters real and touching.
(2) Why do you want this arrangement?
What this poem wants to highlight is the praise for Mulan's filial piety to her parents and courage to take on heavy responsibilities, so these contents are written in great detail. And the cruel war, just a brush. It implies the author's longing and blessing for a better life, as well as his indifference and distance from war. In a word, poems are written in detail about the materials that can express the central idea, and are generally written slightly. This also inspired our composition.
Sixth, theme exploration:
Discrimination against women (merciless ridicule)
Feudal literati were keen on fame and fortune (ruthless irony)
People's yearning for a peaceful life.
Seven, expand and extend, practice and consolidate.
Read the text freely until you finish reciting it.