The original text of the two golden threads:
Sent to the ancient pagoda of Chaning in the Wuhan Dynasty, with words instead of words, written in Bingchendong, in Qianfo Temple in the capital, and composed in the ice and snow.
Is Ji Zi safe? Then he comes back, everything in his life is worth looking back on! Who comforts me on my long journey? My mother is poor and her son is young. I can’t remember, I drank a glass of wine once upon a time. You should be used to seeing demons fighting against others, and you will always lose to them. The hands are covered with rain and clouds, and ice and snow have been dealing with each other for a long time. There are no tears left on the cow's clothes, even if they are even to the ends of the world, they still have the same flesh and blood. How many people can do that? It's worse than a beautiful woman who has a long life and a bad life, and it's even worse now. It's just no blockage, bitter cold and uncomfortable. For twenty years, Bao Xu made a promise, hoping that Wu Toumajiao would eventually rescue him. Put this letter in your arms.
I have been wandering for a long time! In the past ten years, my deep gratitude has been exhausted, and my teacher and friend have been dead and alive. In the past, the same names were not stolen. I only saw Du Ling losing weight, but he never lost weight. I hate you so much, I will cut it open for you. (See only one work: Preview) Brother Xinwei and Ding Chou, at this time, the frost destroyed the willows and caused them to age prematurely. From now on, I need to write less poems and poems, leaving them to be with my heart and soul. I hope you get it, Heqing Life! After returning home, I hurriedly turned over the garrison manuscripts and passed on the empty dishes behind me. Without words, I paused. Translation and annotation of two pieces of Golden Thread Song
Translation Are you safe lately? Even if you come back, how can you bear to look back at the sad things in the past? Your former friends are like strangers, who will comfort you? Your mother's hometown is poor and she can't remember the time when we had fun together over a glass of wine. It should be common for evil spirits to fight against others, but upright people always lose at the hands of villains. We have been dealing with cold ice and snow for a long time. I advise you not to let your tears soak through the cow's clothes. Please count the border people in the world. How many of them are still reunited with their families? Compared to the beauty and misfortune who died unjustly long ago, it is even worse that you still have life now. But in that far-flung border fortress, the bitter cold of ice and snow all year round made me feel uncomfortable. You have been at the frontier for twenty years. I will fulfill my promise like Shen Baoxu did, and I will rescue you just like Yan Dan hopes to make the black-headed white horse grow horns. I will replace the letter with this poem, please keep it properly and don’t worry.
I have also been wandering in a foreign country for a long time. In the ten years since I passed the examination, I have let down your profound kindness and failed to repay you, my mentor and friend who was close to me in life and death. In the past, it was not unworthy of the name that you and I were the same. Just look at Du Fu, who lost weight in memory of Li Bai. He was no less depressed than Li Bai who was exiled to Yelang. My wife has passed away, and I am separated from you, my best friend. I wonder if life in this world is desolate? I will pour out thousands of resentments and hatreds to you in detail. You were born in the year of Xinwei and I was born in the year of Dingchou. Both of us have been ravaged by ice and snow for some time, and have become prematurely aged Puliu. I advise you to write less poems and poems from now on, and take care of yourself and stay with me forever. I hope the Yellow River becomes clear and people live longer. When you return, you will hurriedly look through the poems you wrote during the border period, sort them out and pass them on to future generations, but you will only put your worries in front of you and leave your name behind. My heart is full of words and I can’t say enough. I am here to salute and kowtow to you.
Notes Wu Hancha (cha): named Zhaoqian, a native of Wujiang, Jiangsu. In the 16th year of Shunzhi, he was exiled to Ning Guta (today's Ning'an County, Songjiang Province). Book: Letter. Bingchen: Jizi in the 15th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1676): refers to Ji Zha, the son of King Shoumeng of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period. His name was Yanling Jizi, and he was known as a virtuous man. Later, people named Wu were often called "Ji Zi". This refers to Wu Zhaoqian. Xinglu: passerby. Yoyo: The relationship is far away, not relevant. Solace: the meaning of consolation. A cup of wine: an abbreviation for a cup of wine and a cup of wine. 魑 (chī) enchanting person: 魑魔, a legendary mountain monster. Fight people, hit people, arrest people. According to Wu Zhenchen, Wu Zhaoqian's son, in the postscript of "Qiujia Collection", Wu Zhaoqian "was captured by his enemies, so he was sent to guard Ninggu." Turning the rain and turning the cloud hand: refers to turning the hand into clouds and turning the hand into rain, which is a sinister way to frame good people. Villain. Cow clothing: a covering made of tangled hemp to keep cows warm. According to the "Book of Han·Biography of Wang Zhang", when Wang Zhang was poor, he and his wife lay on cow clothes and cried to each other. Days away, flesh and blood are still there: Wu Zhaoqian was sent to the garrison, and his wife stayed with him in the garrison for more than ten years. They gave birth to a son and four daughters. Juese: a very far frontier fortress. The bitter cold is uncomfortable: Volume 8 of Wu Zhaoqian's "Qiujia Collection" and "Yu Jifu's Cursive Script" contain: "It's bitter cold outside the Great Wall, with ice and snow all the time." Twenty years (nian) means Xu made a promise: twenty years, twenty years. It was exactly twenty years from 1657, when Wu Zhaoqian was sent to guard the ancient pagoda in Ning, to the time when the author wrote this poem in 1676. Bao Xu made a promise. According to "Historical Records·Biography of Wu Zixu", during the Spring and Autumn Period, the state of Chu suffered a great loss. Bao Xu vowed to protect the state of Chu, and he did so. I hope that the black-headed horse horn will finally save him: "Historical Records: Biography of the Assassin" index: "Dan asked to return, and the King of Qin said, 'The black head is white, the horse has horns, it is Xu Er.'" Prince Dan of Yan looked up to the sky and sighed, feeling moved to the sky. Sure enough, the aconite turned white and the horse grew horns. Zha: Xia Zha, letter. I have also been wandering for a long time: drifting, wandering. The author passed the examination in the fifth year of Kangxi (1666) and was in charge of the national history museum. Five years later, he returned home due to his father's illness. In the fifteenth year of Kangxi (1676), he went to Beijing to teach at Nalan Xingde's family and stayed in the capital twice, so he has The feeling of being in a foreign land. Ten years: From the time when the author was elected in the fifth year of Kangxi (1666) to when he wrote this poem in 1676, it was exactly ten years. "Su Xi" four sentences: Su Xi, past. It’s not plagiarism, it’s not that it’s not worthy of its name. Volume 16 of "Ganyin Collection" quotes Gu Zhencang's words: "Zhenguan was a young boy with extraordinary talent, good at poetry, and especially in music and music. He is as famous as Wu Zhaoqian in Wujiang." Du Ling became thinner, and Du Fu called himself "Du Lingye Lao Lao" in "Beautiful People's Journey" ", "Du Ling Commoner", Li Bai plays Du Fu's poem: "I may ask, don't pick too thin students, always because of the pain of writing poems in the past.
"Yelang was killed. Li Bai was once exiled to Yelang (today's western Guizhou Province) and was devastated. Du Fu and Li Bai are used here to compare the author and Wu Zhaoqian. Farewell to a confidant and farewell to a close friend: refers to the death of the author's wife and the separation from Hao Zhaoqian. Brother Xinweiwu Dingchou: Wu Zhaoqian was born in the Xinwei year, that is, the fourth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1631). The author was born in the year of Ding Chou, which was the tenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1637). Early aging cattail tree: Cathay tree, or water poplar, is the earliest tree to wither. "Shishuo Xinyu" records: "Gu Yue and Jian Wen were the same age, and their hair turned gray prematurely. Jian Wen said: "Why did you turn gray first?" He said to him: "The posture of the cattails and willows fall in the autumn. The quality of pines and cypresses, the classics "The frost is still lush." ??Two sentences from "Poetry": The ancients believed that writing poems damages people's soul. Huan Tan said in "New Lun" that both he and Yang Xiong "got sick from thinking about the drama with their energy" because of writing fu. Both the author and Wu Zhaoqian were diligent in their creations, especially Wu Zhaoqian, who wrote courageous poems when he was a child, "more than a thousand words in total". (See "Guo Chao First Business Brief") I hope that the river will be clear and the life will be long: river refers to the Yellow River. The water of the Yellow River is turbid. In ancient times, it was believed that if the Yellow River was clear, the world would be peaceful. The ancients said: "As long as the river is clear, life will be long." It is believed that the Yellow River clears once every thousand years, but life is limited. Here is the hope that everything will get better and Wu Zhaoqian can return. Guarding Manuscripts: Manuscripts written while guarding the border. The creative background of two pieces of Jinluqu
Wu Zhaoqian participated in the Jiangnan Rural Examination in the 14th year of Shunzhi (1657) and was involved in the Dingyou Jiangnan Rural Examination Case. Fulin (Emperor Shunzhi) was so angry that he escorted the Jiangnan candidates who had passed the examination to Beijing the following year. Fulin personally re-examined them in Yingtai, Jiangxi. Those who passed the re-examination retained their qualifications, and those who failed were punished. Two examiners were beheaded and 17 fellow examiners were hanged. Wu Zhaoqian was a famous Jiangnan talent. He was arrogant and arrogant even though he was a rare talent. He angrily refused to re-examine and was imprisoned. Although Wu was rigorously interrogated by the Ministry of Rites and Punishment several times and found to have committed no fraud, he was still exiled to Ningguta in the 15th year of Shunzhi (1658). As a friend, Gu Zhenguan promised to do his best to rescue him when he was exiled. However, more than 20 years later, all efforts have been in vain. Gu Zhenguan himself was depressed. He was working as a guest at the house of Taifu Nalan Mingzhu (Nalan Xingde's father). He remembered that his friend was suffering in a cold and remote place, so he asked Nalan Xingde for help. However, Xingde had no friendship with Wu Zhaoqian. , not allowed for the moment.
In the winter of the 15th year of Kangxi (1675), the author left the Qianfo Temple in Beijing. In the ice and snow, he felt sorry for his close friend’s misfortune, so he composed two pieces of "Golden Thread Song" for them and sent them as letters. Nalan Xingde read these two poems, shed several lines in tears, and said: "The poem about farewell to the river beam and the biography of the dead friend in Shanyang are the only three!" He immediately pledged to rescue Zhaoqian. After being rescued by Nalan and his son, Wu Zhaoqian was finally redeemed and returned to his hometown five years later. Appreciation of Two Golden Thread Songs
The lyrics in the two works are written in letter format, which is very unique. "Is Jizi safe?" You must first ask how the other person is when writing a letter. This first sentence is exactly the tone of greeting. However, the use of the word "Ji Zi" has a profound meaning. The use of the word "Ji Zi" here not only fits Wu Zhaoqian's surname, but also makes him think of his talents and virtues, and it also indicates that he is from Wu. (It is said that Wu Zhaoqian had two brothers, and Ji Zi ranked them among them.) Comparing Wu Jizi to Wu Zhaoqian, his talent and virtue are admirable, but the fact that he suffered such injustice is even more pitiable. Therefore, these five words may seem ordinary, but in fact they powerfully lead to the whole article. "When I come back, how can I look back on everything in my life?" This is a hypothetical statement to sympathize with Wu Zhaoqian's painful experience. Even if I can return to my hometown now, the hardships and sufferings of this experience are unbearable to recall. What's more, I haven't returned yet, and I'm still going through the unbearable pain. "The long journey is a comfort, my mother's hometown is poor and her children are young." This is a special reference to the unbearable pain of being exiled outside the customs. No one can comfort me, and the family is so difficult - my mother's hometown is poor and her children are young. All the joy of the past has disappeared, "I can't remember, I drank a glass of wine before". Not to mention that the literary gatherings with friends and the joy of having a drink are gone now, even the memories of the past have disappeared, which is sad. "We should be used to seeing demons fighting against others, and they will always lose to them. They can turn the rain over and overturn the clouds." "Fighting against people" is an implicit expression of injustice for Wu Zhaoqian. "The devil beats people" refers to a bad person using despicable means to frame someone. Guifu's poem: "There are so many frivolous things, turning your hands to make clouds and rain." Du meaning is used here, which means that a gentleman will always suffer from the villain. It should be pointed out that in the Qing Dynasty, there were frequent literary inquisitions, and scholars often turned around and touched taboos. Wu Zhaoqian was banished by the imperial court. He wanted to sympathize with Zhaoqian and avoid offending the imperial court, so he could only explain it in general terms. This was considered bold at the time. "Ice and snow go around for a long time." This is the characteristic of Zhongning Ancient Pagoda. It was bitterly cold outside the Great Wall. The author was in the wind and snow in the capital at this time. He imagined that his friends outside the Great Wall could only deal with the ice and snow, and it would be uncomfortable for many years. The first film expresses Wu Zhaoqian's pain heartily and vividly, and the second film turns into various comforts and excuses, hoping that he will not be destroyed by the pain.
In the Han Dynasty, the author used the phrase "Don't shed tears to shed tears in Niu Yi's clothes", and advised not to be too sad. What's the reason? "Counting the ends of the world, we still have the same flesh and blood. Can a family be like a beauty who has a poor life, let alone today? "There are few families who can reunite their flesh and blood. Although Wu Zhaoqian is far away from the customs, he can still weep with each other. It is better that his flesh and blood are separated. Besides, beauties have a bad fate. It is the same in ancient and modern times. Talented people often have a bad life. If you take a step back and think about it this way, you will get some relief. But the consolation must be measured, and it can only go so far. As soon as the pen is turned, he feels sad for him: "It's just the cold and the cold." This echoes the ending of the first film, "Ice and snow, swirling around for a long time."
"In the past twenty years, Bao Xu has made a promise, hoping that Wu Tou Majiao will eventually save him." This is an allusion from the late Spring and Autumn Period in which Shen Bao Xu vowed to save Chu and Yan Crown Prince Dan Zhi and then returned to Qin. The author cleverly organized them together. He said that no matter how trapped he was, he must try his best to save him like Shen Baoxu did. Heartbreaking and touching. "Put this letter in your arms": Please keep this letter. It's the certificate. These lines express the friendship between life and death, which is touching and brings tears to the eyes.
The first poem is written by Wu Zhaoqian, and the second poem is written from a different perspective and expresses emotion from himself: "I have also been wandering for a long time. In the past ten years, I have lost all my deep gratitude, my teacher and friend are dead and alive!" It is said with sadness, "Ye" The word hook is left at the top, not in a general way. "It's no coincidence that we have the same name in the past. Just look at Du Ling's weight loss. Zeng Buxia, Yelang Xunxun." He talked about the two people again from himself. Du Fu's "Send Eleven Titles to Li in Changsha": "Li and Du are both famous and sincere, and Shuo Yun and Han Ju are twice as worried about leaving." Du Fu's words were polite. There are many synonyms between Li and Du in history, such as Li Gu, Du Qiao, Li Ying, Du Mi, etc. in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The poets of the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai and Du Fu, here use Du's poems to say "not plagiarism" and compare themselves with Du Fu. "Try to see Du Ling lose weight." Comparing Li Bai to Wu Zhaoqian, Li Bai was once released by Changliu Yezou (released by the Middle Way), and compared to Wu Zhaoqian's Digong Ning Ancient Pagoda, "僝僽" refers to torture and sorrow. Although he was not exiled, he was as painful and tortured as Wu Zhaoqian. "If you have a bad life and say goodbye to your close friends, you ask yourself, is life miserable now?" A beauty has a bad life, and a long word refers to death. Gu Zhenguan once mourned the death of a relative who passed away. He knew that they were far away from each other. At this time in his life, his wife was in despair. Not many people have reached such a desolate situation in their lives. The rhetorical question "Ask about life" contains the above two meanings. "I hate it so much, but I cut it open for my brother, and naturally it's half-cut.
When I change my head, I tell you from my age, "Brother is born, I'm young, but I'm young and ugly." When Xin Wei and Ding Chou wrote this poem, both of them were over forty. "Forty means strong, official." But "at some time, the frost destroys the willow trees and causes them to age prematurely." Their bodies were damaged and aged prematurely. . "Pu Liu" is an allusion from "Shi Shuo Xin Yu" that Gu Yue and Emperor Wen of the Jin Dynasty were the same age and grew old first, and "Pu Liu" became a modest word referring to the body. The word "***" is used here, indicating that both of them are the same. This is a response to the above article "Try to see Du Ling lose weight, Zeng is not reduced, Yelang is swollen." Since you are over forty and your body is prematurely aging, you should pay attention to maintenance. : "From now on, I need to write less poems and poems, and keep my heart and soul together." These two sentences are serious and thoughtful. Since we can "stay together", it shows that there is still hope for the future. "I hope that the river will be clear and my life will be long." ("If the river is clear, how long will my life be?" "If the Yellow River is clear, a saint will come out.") This wish uses the former sentence literally and the meaning in the latter sentence. I hope that the Holy Lord will show mercy and help those who are far away return home. If the government is clear and clear, the people should live a stable life for the rest of their lives, so it is said that "He Qianqing Life". "When I return home, I rush to turn over the garrison manuscripts and pass on the empty-name dishes to my family." Wu Zhaoqian's poems will be passed down later. This is the author's prediction, and it is completely consistent with reality. After Wu Zhaoqian was exiled, his poems added a tragic and desolate atmosphere and were widely recited. He was also considered an important writer in the early Qing Dynasty. This shows the author's trust and comfort in Wu Zhaoqian. Instead of saying "fame", we say "empty name". The word "empty" includes the series of sufferings mentioned above. The famous name did not save Wu Zhaoqian from the sufferings in his life, so when he said "empty name", the word "empty" can A word worth a thousand dollars. "After finishing the words, I paused for a moment", still in the form of a letter.
Poetry works: Two Golden Thread Songs Poetry Author: Gu Zhenguan, Qing Dynasty Poetry Category: Friendship