1. The three recommended reference materials for "Guan Cang Hai" are as follows:
1. Yu Guanying. Selected Poems of Sancao. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1979 (Second Edition): 10-14
2. Wu Xiaoru et al. A Dictionary of Poetry Appreciation of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. Shanghai: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1992: 202-206
3. Wu Xiaoru et al. A Dictionary of Poetry Appreciation of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. Shanghai: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1992: 1601
2. Appreciation of the original poem:
To the east is the Jieshi to view the sea. Where is the water? The mountains and islands are standing tall.
There are many trees and lush grass. The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rising.
The movement of the sun and the moon can be seen in it; the stars are shining brightly, just as they can be seen in it.
Fortunately, I sing to express my ambition.
3. Creation background: This set of poems was written on the way back to the army after the victory in the northern expedition to Wuhuan in the twelfth year of Jian'an (207). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when warlords were vying for power in the Central Plains, the Wuhuan people living in the western Liaoning area became powerful. They went south to attack cities and plunder territory, becoming a serious border threat in the Hebei area. In the tenth year of Jian'an (205), Cao Cao destroyed the foundation of Yuan Shao's rule in Hebei. Yuan Shao vomited blood and died. His sons Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang fled to Wuhuan and colluded with Wuhuan nobles to invade the fortress many times and cause harm. At that time, Cao Cao was in a disadvantageous situation of being squeezed between the north and the south: Liu Biao and Liu Bei were entrenched in Jingxiang in the south, and the Yuan brothers and Wuhuan were in the north. In order to get rid of the passive situation, Cao Cao adopted the advice of counselor Guo Jia and led the northern expedition in the summer of the twelfth year of Jian'an. The expedition lasted from May to the end of May. In autumn and July, there was a flood and the road near the sea was blocked. Later, he accepted Tian Chou's suggestion and resolutely changed the route. Passing through Xu Wushan, exiting Lulong Fortress and heading straight towards Liucheng, they won the battle. In September, he returned to the army victoriously and passed through Jieshi and other places. He borrowed the old title of Yuefu's "Stepping out of Xiamen Xing" and wrote this famous poem.