Most festivals of Zhuang nationality are the same as those of local Han nationality. Traditional folk festivals of Han nationality, such as Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Spring and Autumn Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival and New Year's Eve, are also festivals of Zhuang nationality. The festivals with national characteristics of Zhuang nationality include "March 3" Song Festival, "Niu Soul Festival" and "Central Plains Festival".
There are several regular folk song gatherings of Zhuang nationality every year, among which "March 3rd" is the most grand.
The "Cow Soul Festival" is also called "Cow King Festival" and "Seedling Opening Festival". Most of them are carried out on the second day after spring ploughing, and some areas are fixed on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, because it is said that this day is the birthday of Niu Wang. Legend has it that the ox king turned out to be a god, and he was ordered by the jade emperor to come down to help people farm. People appreciated his contribution, so they offered sacrifices to the ox soul on his birthday.
On this day, every household should wash and dress the cows, trim the cowshed, bring a basket of five-colored glutinous rice and a bunch of fresh grass to the cowshed to sacrifice the cow's soul, and then give half of the grain and fresh grass to each farm cow.
The Mid-Autumn Festival on the 14th day of the seventh lunar month, also known as Ghost Festival and Ancestor Festival, is the biggest festival after the Spring Festival, and its main content is ancestor worship and ghost worship.
On this day, every household will kill chickens and ducks (in the past, it was forbidden to sacrifice chickens, but only ducks or geese, especially ducks, so this festival was even called "Duck Festival"), steamed cakes will be made into steamed buns, and colored paper will be cut into underwear for the four seasons. During the day, I worship my ancestors at home, and at night I will go to the hillside and riverside for a wild sacrifice, burn incense and candles, burn paper clothes, and pray for wild ghosts not to make trouble.
Step 2 get married
There are many monogamous families in Zhuang nationality. It used to be popular that "women marry men, and husbands live from their wives", but later it was mainly paternal families who lived from their husbands.
3. Funeral
There are mainly two burial methods in the traditional funeral customs of Zhuang nationality: earth burial and cremation.
The way of burial is: after the death of relatives, bury them nearby with thin coffins and build a "long tomb"; Three or five years later, when bones and muscles are decayed, they will dig graves, open coffins, pick up bones and put them into the pottery "Jintan", and then choose a geomantic burial place to build a "round tomb". The cremation of Zhuang nationality mentioned above is also the second burial style. The ashes are stored in the "Jintan" and then buried in a selected place.
4. A powerful fist
Zhuang Boxing is a martial art of ancient Guangxi wolf soldiers fighting on the battlefield. Boxing mainly emphasizes the use of fists, feet, knees, elbows and bites. And completely abandoned the palm hook moves, because it is impossible to have such technology in battlefield fighting. ? Zhuang Quan's movements are tough and rough, the image is simple, the strength frame is clear and accurate, and it is solid and steady. The fist is strong and powerful, short stroke, good at paddling, and less jumping. When using straw boxing, combined with Zhuang pronunciation, it destroys power.
Zhuang boxing not only has a long history and tradition in Zhuang township, but also is a unique custom of Zhuang nationality. This custom lasted for a long time, until around liberation. Nowadays, the traditional martial arts in Zhuangxiang has been gradually restored and developed.
5. Custom taboos
Zhuang people are taboo to kill on the first day of the first lunar month; Young women in some areas avoid eating beef and dog meat; For the first three days (some for the first seven days), women were forbidden to let outsiders in; Women who have not yet given birth to a full moon are forbidden to visit their homes. When you board the bamboo building of Zhuang people, you usually take off your shoes.
It is forbidden for Zhuang people to wear hats and bring hoes or other farm tools into their homes, so they should put down farm tools and take off their hats outside their homes. Tanghuo and bathhouse are the most sacred places in the Zhuang family. It is forbidden to step on the tripod and stove on the Tang Huo with your feet. When young Zhuang people get married, pregnant women are forbidden to participate, especially pregnant women can't see the bride.
Especially pregnant women can't enter the maternal home. If there is a pregnant woman at home, it is forbidden to hang sleeves, branches or knives on the door. Those who accidentally break into the maternal home must give the baby a name, give the baby a suit, a chicken or a corresponding gift, and be the child's michel platini and godmother. Don't blow the rice cold with your mouth when eating, and don't put chopsticks in a bowl. Avoid whistling when walking at night. Avoid sitting in the middle of the threshold.
As a rice-growing nation, the Zhuang people like frogs very much. In some places, Zhuang people have a special "frog worship ceremony", so it is forbidden to kill frogs or eat frog meat in Zhuang areas. Whenever floods or other major disasters occur, the Zhuang people will hold ancestor worship activities and pray for the dragon's blessing for disaster relief. After the ceremony, a monument was erected at the entrance of the village, and outsiders were not allowed to enter the village.
Dress
Most of Zhuang people's costumes are the same as those of Han people, but in Xixiang village, Guangxi, especially middle-aged and elderly women, they still retain the characteristics of their own national costumes. For example, middle-aged and elderly Zhuang women in northwest Guangxi often wear collarless, left-handed and embroidered underwear, wide legs, embroidered waist, pleated skirts and embroidered shoes, and like to wear silver ornaments.
Zhuang women in Longzhou and Pingxiang in southwest Guangxi still wear collarless black shirts with left collars, square black handkerchiefs on their heads and black wide-leg pants on their lower bodies.
Extended data:
The Zhuang nationality, formerly known as the Bo nationality, is the most populous minority in China, and its national language is Zhuang, belonging to the Zhuang-Dai branch of the Zhuang-Dong language family of the Sino-Tibetan language family.
The Zhuang people originated from "Xi 'ou" and "Luo Yue" recorded in the historical records of the Han nationality in the pre-Qin, Qin and Han dynasties, and distributed in 3/kloc-0 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. They mainly lived in the south, starting from Lianshan Zhuang and Yao Autonomous County in Guangdong Province in the east, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province in the west, congjiang county in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province in the north and Beibu Gulf in the south.
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is the main distribution area of Zhuang nationality.
In Yuchanyan, Daoxian County, the middle part of ancient Guizhou (the activity area of Cangwu Department of ancient Zhuang nationality), the plant fiber weaving pattern used by humans to make pottery "bed cloth" was discovered 15000 years ago, which is the first handmade textile created by humans so far.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Zhuang nationality