He pointed out that ancient music is the essence of Chinese culture, and singing ancient music is conducive to revitalizing the essence of national music and condensing national spirit. A singer's accurate grasp of the singing of ancient poetry is also the highest realm of his pursuit of national music, which embodies his profound understanding of ancient poetry and shows his perfect integration and grasp of music and word meaning. Ai Jun, a sociologist and China ancient music expert, said that China is a country of poetry and a world of songs. Classical poetry has a natural and inseparable relationship with music because of its metrical nature. "Poetry, poetry", as the name implies, "poetry" and "song" are inseparable. Without songs, there is no poetry. Scholars in China have regarded "singing and reciting" as an important criterion to measure the success, Excellence and dissemination of poetry. However, in China's 5,000-year history of civilization, the traditional singing method of ancient poetry is in danger of being lost. Although Mr. Fu, a researcher at China Academy of Art, has passed away, the ancient music market is very small, so it is urgent to inherit and carry forward ancient music. In recent years, Mr. Fu's disciple resolutely undertook the heavy responsibility of popularizing, popularizing, teaching and researching ancient music, which made the teaching of ancient music enter the benign education track of undergraduate and graduate students. Last year, the "China Conservatory of Music Ancient Songs Singing Research Center" was established, which played a researcher's role in the popularization and inheritance of classical poetry. organization
What is an ancient song? What are the ancient songs now?
According to Ai Jun, classical music in the traditional sense refers to the music with high popularity handed down from ancient China; The ancient songs advocated and promoted in the present sense mainly refer to ancient poems and songs, referred to as ancient songs for short.
(1) Ancient songs in traditional ideas.
Ai Jun believes that classical music in the traditional sense refers to the music with high popularity handed down from ancient China. Representative repertoires include: You Lan, Qin Wang Broken, Yangchun, Snow White, Female Entering Changsha, Qinglian Yuefu, Qinglian Yuefu, Song of the Frontier, Your Legend, Drunk, Three Stories of Yangguan, Colorful Feathers and Christina Na.
Of course, there are not only songs but also words in some ancient songs.
(2) Ancient songs in the present sense.
Ai Jun, a sociologist and expert in ancient music research, pointed out that ancient music in the traditional sense refers to the music handed down from ancient China with high reputation. Most of these ancient songs belong to instrumental music and are written by poets. In modern times, we are talking about popularizing and inheriting ancient songs. What ancient songs do we mean by singing? He pointed out that the ancient songs we advocate and popularize mainly refer to ancient poems and songs, which are called ancient songs for short. Wang Sufen, a famous ancient music educator, China Ancient Music Research Center and president of China Conservatory of Music, said that classical poetry is profound and impressive. The singing of classical poems is the treasure of China national music. At present, nearly 50 preserved and recorded classical poems and songs have been unearthed. Since 2000, they have taught classes in China Conservatory of Music, which enabled hundreds of students to master the singing style of ancient songs and held many concerts of ancient songs. CCTV has also been supporting the popularization of ancient songs, which has had a certain impact on society and played a role in promoting the inheritance of ancient songs.
At present, the ancient poems and songs that have been excavated and preserved mainly include: Song of the South Wind by Dashun, Xiao Ji on Phoenix Terrace by Li Qingzhao, Beautiful Spring by Ouyang Jiong, Sauvignon Blanc, Ba Nv Ballad by Qu Yuan, Xiang Jun by Gao Shi and Autumn by Li Baihe.
Why popularize, learn to sing and inherit ancient songs? Ai Jun believes that ancient music is the essence of our national culture, and singing ancient music reflects one's self-cultivation and supreme artistic realm, which is conducive to revitalizing the essence of national music and condensing national spirit.
Why should we revitalize and inherit the singing of ancient songs? This is a subject worthy of consideration and discussion. There is no doubt that classical poetry belongs to the essence of traditional culture, and songs that embody the connotation of ancient poetry and conform to it are naturally indispensable in traditional culture.
Sociologist Ai Jun pointed out that China culture itself is a long-term integration of multiculturalism. Not everything in China's traditional culture is essence, science and ignorance; Some are progressive, some are backward; There are ideological theories that have guiding significance for modernization, and there are also ideological theories that restrict and hinder social development and human progress. Ai Jun has always advocated "learning and critically absorbing; Make the past serve the present, and it serves me; Take its essence and discard its dross ",in the protection and inheritance of traditional culture, we must correctly judge and treat our traditional culture under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development; "Based on the great cause of building a harmonious society, we should absorb and protect the beneficial things in our traditional culture.
The profound culture of China's poems and songs is the essence of China's traditional culture, which is worth popularizing. Ai Jun emphasized that the study and study of ancient music art are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, ancient poetry songs are the songs that can best reflect the ancient Confucian music aesthetics in China. (omitted) Second, ancient music is the essence of our national culture, and singing ancient music is conducive to revitalizing national music and condensing national spirit. (omitted) Third, singing ancient songs can better strengthen self-cultivation, cultivate sentiment from elegant ancient songs, and pursue the highest artistic realm. (omitted)
He said that when singing classical poems, only on the basis of understanding the mood and implication of poems, and on the premise of giving full play to the taste and artistic conception of the ancients, can we really sing an ancient song well. This is the artistic road that a singer has to take. On this road, we must make more efforts than ordinary people.
On the connotation and singing characteristics of ancient music Ai Jun thinks that ancient music is the essence of China national music, which embodies the characteristics of court music; Ancient music is the peak of national music singing, which embodies a person's supreme cultivation knowledge. Singing ancient songs, only on the basis of understanding poetry, on the premise of giving full play to the taste and artistic conception of the ancients, and on the premise of exploring the proper harmony of singing expression, can we really sing an ancient song well.
(omitted)
It can be seen that although ancient songs have the characteristics of high and few songs, they have high artistic accomplishment and artistic appeal.
Ai Jun has some immature views and opinions on how to understand ancient music and how to treat its connotation and artistic value for reference only:
First, the connotation of modern ancient songs is mainly composed of three types: original ecology inheritance, original words supplement and modern lyrics.
By ancient songs, we mean the songs that China's classical poems can sing with music. In modern poetry and ode, Ai Jun thinks it should be divided into three types: one is the original score of the original words; One is that the original song was lost, and later generations wrote new songs according to the original song; The other is new words and songs. Classical poetry and songs belong to the category of literati music or court music. Like other ancient music such as guqin, they have the characteristics of implication, elegance and profound artistic conception, and contain the spiritual pursuit, personality pursuit and aesthetic taste of literati, which is consistent with their inherent spiritual characteristics. In other words, Confucian music is solemn and simple in general, which is determined by its benevolence, courtesy and respect for the past. The music structure is more concentrated, more rigorous, more hierarchical, and the music image is more vivid.
Original words, original music. Ai Jun has talked about this type above, so I won't repeat it. For example, Qin Wang's music, Yangchun, fishing songs and other ancient songs all exist in several types.
Original complement category. This type of ancient music now occupies a considerable part, and its main representatives include Fu's Don't Move Big, Wang Liping's series of A Dream of Red Mansions, and Wang Guozhen's Hundreds of Ancient Poems. Wait a minute.
Modern lyrics and songs. There are quite a few of this type. That is, poems written by modern people and songs written by modern people. There are many such types, such as Mao Zedong's "Butterfly Lovers-Answering Li Shuyi" and "Xijiang Moon-Jinggangshan". Teresa Teng's On the Water Side, David Henry Hwang's Laughter at the Sea, Sorrow, Samuel Hui's The Voice of the Prodigal Son and so on.
Here I want to talk about the most typical representative, Qiong Yao in Taiwan Province Province. She makes full use of ancient poems and classics to express the romantic feelings of her children when they are in love. For example, On the Water Side, How Many Sunsets Are Red, Qiu Ge, Moonlight and Birds Singing Hazily, Marigold, Meet Me Late, Ask the Sunset, etc. , all reflect her high literary accomplishment and ability to control ancient poetry. It can be said that Qiong Yao's lyrics are a combination of ancient poetry and modern pop music, which has been divorced from the shadow of classical, elegant, gorgeous, graceful and unrestrained traditional music.
Secondly, ancient music is the essence of China folk music, which embodies the characteristics of court music.
Third, the singing of ancient songs is the peak of national music singing, which embodies a person's supreme cultivation and knowledge.
Fourthly, the singing of ancient songs has the characteristics of "one difficulty, two elegance and three implications".
Someone once described the experience of singing ancient songs like this. When singing classical poems and songs, we should not only look for its charm in the repeated poems, but also feel its charm in the guqin music and draw nutrition from the art of traditional Chinese opera. Singing an ancient song well is not as simple as singing the right notes, even very emotional, but it is truly complete if you can dig the poems and songs into the depths. For example, singing "Three Stories of Yangguan" can never satisfy the professor, because the singing method is not correct, but the singing is not in place. That kind of separation between friends is now incomprehensible. In ancient times, I was afraid that I would never be the first in my life, especially the phrase "endless sadness". No matter how hard I try, I can't reach the true sadness, disappointment and helplessness of the ancients ... the long sound of guqin echoes in my ears. Can you inspire me?
Ai Jun believes that these poetic words just reflect a student's distress and anxiety when learning to sing ancient songs, which shows the complexity and arduousness of singing ancient songs. Ai Jun's point of view, singing classical poetry, on the basis of understanding the meaning of poetry, under the premise of exerting the taste and artistic conception of the ancients, and under the condition of exploring the appropriate and harmonious singing expression, can we really sing an ancient song well.
From the late 1980s to the present, Ai Jun has attended numerous classical concerts. Generally speaking, appreciating ancient works requires not only familiarity with history and understanding poetry, but also conscious listening. In superficial appreciation, we should focus on understanding music, understanding the artistic conception of poetry in music and understanding the poet's feelings in the "emotional" rhythm.
Ai Jun summed up his understanding of the singing characteristics of ancient music as "one difficulty, two elegance and three implications".