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"Summer Pastoral Miscellany·Part 7"
Song Dynasty·Fan Chengda
Working in the fields during the day and raising hemp at night, the children of the village are responsible for their own affairs.
The children and grandchildren are still working for farming and weaving, and they are also learning to grow melons near the mulberry tree.
Translation:
Weeding in the fields during the day and rolling twine at home at night. Men and women in the village each have their own housework.
Although the children did not know how to plow the fields and weave, they still learned to grow melons under the shade of the mulberry trees.
Extended information
Brief analysis
This poem describes a scene in rural summer life.
The first sentence "I work in the fields during the day and work on hemp at night" means: I go to the fields to weed during the day and twist the hemp thread at night. "Tilting" means weeding. In early summer, the rice seedlings need to be weeded. This is what men do. "Ji Ma" means that after women finish other work during the day, they knead twine and weave it into cloth at night. This sentence directly describes the labor scene.
The second sentence is "The children of the village are in charge of their own families." "Children" refers to men and women. The whole poem uses the tone of old farmers, and "children" refers to young people. "Head of the family" means that both men and women have no time to spare, and each has his or her own business. The third sentence "Children and grandchildren are not yet available for plowing and weaving." "Children and grandchildren" refers to those children. They don't know how to farm or weave, but they are not idle either.
They have been influenced by their ears and eyes since childhood and love to work, so they "also learned to grow melons near the mulberry trees", that is, they learned to grow melons under the lush mulberry trees. This is a common phenomenon in rural areas, but it is quite unique. The conclusion expresses the innocence of rural children. The poet uses a fresh style of writing to give a more detailed description of the tense labor atmosphere in the countryside in early summer, which is very interesting to read.
Fan Chengda (1126-1193), whose courtesy name was Zhineng, was known as Shihu layman. Han nationality, from Wuxian County, Pingjiang (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). Poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. Posthumous title Wenmu. Starting from the Jiangxi School, he later studied the poetry of the Middle and Late Tang Dynasties, inherited the realism spirit of New Yuefu poets such as Bai Juyi, Wang Jian, and Zhang Ji, and finally became his own school. The style is simple, fresh and charming. Poetry has a wide range of themes, and the works that reflect the content of rural social life are the most successful. Together with Yang Wanli, Lu You and You Miao, he is known as the "Four Great ZTE Poets" of the Southern Song Dynasty.