chapter and sentence of the first verse
1. the composition of the verse
in the verse, there are definite sentences, definite characters in the sentences, definite tones in the words and even tones. Each song with four sentences is called quatrains, eight sentences is called metrical poems, and those with more than eight sentences are called prosody. Each five-character quatrain is called a five-character quatrain, which is referred to as five quatrains for short. Every seven-character quatrain is called a seven-character quatrain, which is referred to as seven quatrains for short. Each five-character rhyme is called five-character rhyme, which is called five-character rhyme for short. Each seven-character rhyme is called seven-character rhyme, which is called seven-character rhyme for short. There are also five words and seven words in the arrangement. The eight sentences of the Five Laws and Seven Laws are divided into four parts: the first two sentences are called the first couplet, the third four sentences are called the parallel couplet, the fifth six sentences are called the neck couplet, and the seventh eight sentences are called the tail couplet; The first 122 sentences of quatrains are called the first couplet, and the third 42 sentences are called the last couplet. The quatrains have no necessary requirements for antithesis. In addition to the first and second couplet, the number of couplet in the middle can be increased at will. Rhyme includes the arrangement of rhythm, and all the associations in the middle must fight each other.
the above is the format requirement of the metrical poem. The composition of the regular poem also includes the structural law of the essay, that is, the beginning, inheritance, transformation and combination of the poem.
start, that is, start; Bearing, that is, bearing; Turn, that is, turn; Close, that is, close Starting, inheriting, turning and combining are combined in the rhyme. In the law, the sentence is the unit.
such as [Tang] Du Fu's Climbing Yueyang Tower:
I had always heard of Lake Dongting, and now at last I have climbed to this tower.
with Wu country to the east of me and Chu to the south, I can see heaven and earth endlessly floating.
but no word has reached me from kin or friends, I am old and sick and alone with my boat.
north of this wall there are wars and mountains, and here by the rail how can I help crying?.
The first question is "Qi"; What you see when you go upstairs is "bearing"; The neck tie leads to the immediate dilemma, which is "turning"; It is the deepening, closing and "combination" of poetry that the couplets miss their hometown from the perspective of going upstairs.
it's a broken topic from the beginning, so don't digress; Bearing is to bear the topic in detail, requiring specific images; Turn is to deepen the connotation and lead to the original intention; The combination is to care for each other from beginning to end and strengthen poetry. This chapter was used unconsciously before the yuan dynasty, and it was not until after the yuan dynasty that this rule was clarified. This rule should be used in all articles, not only in regular poems.
2. Syntax of Rhyme
Rhyme sentences objectively have rhythm of tone and rhythm of meaning, which are sometimes consistent, and there are many inconsistencies, which need to be explained separately.
Tone rhythm is relatively simple, generally, two syllables are composed of two syllables. Because the number of words in each sentence of a metrical poem is odd, the last word is usually a syllable alone.
Generally, the meaning rhythm is based on words, one word of monosyllabic words is a rhythm unit, two words of disyllabic words are a rhythm unit, and polyphonic words can be analogized. However, in more cases, it is divided according to the meaning rhythm of poetry, not simply by words or words.
Generally speaking, the intonation rhythm should be given priority to, and the meaning rhythm should also be taken into account. Therefore, it is very important to be familiar with the syntax of poetry. A beginner's mastery of sentence rhythm can improve his interest and level in appreciating metrical poetry and help him to choose words and make sentences when writing, which is one of the basic skills that beginners should have.
[ Tang] Du Fu's "Spring Watch" "though a country be sundered, hills and rivers endure, the spring city is full of vegetation". Read as: the country is broken-mountains and rivers-in, the city is spring-vegetation-deep.
[ Tang] Li Bai's "Early Sending of Baidi City" "The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man". Read as: cross-strait-ape-cry-don't live, canoe-over-ten thousand mountains.
The meaning rhythm of rhythmic poetry is much more complicated than the tone rhythm. There are nine kinds of five-talkers and twelve kinds of seven-talkers. It should be divided mainly by Italian poetry rather than by the original meaning of words. Understanding the meaning rhythm is to accurately understand the meaning of the poem. This is necessary for appreciation and exercise.