Lesson 22 The Prosperity of Literature
Lesson 23 Brilliance of Fine Arts
Basic explanation
First, from neoclassical art to romantic art.
1, the background of neoclassical art:
(1) 65438+At the end of 2008, 65438+at the beginning of 2009, France was in violent turmoil before and after the Great Revolution.
(2) In the pursuit of the heroic spirit of ancient Greece and Rome by the bourgeoisie, neoclassical art was born.
2, the characteristics of neoclassical art:
(1) emphasizes rationality and often takes ancient history and realistic major events as the theme.
(2) In the form of expression, it emphasizes rationality and pays attention to the neatness and harmony of the picture.
3. The representative figures and works of neoclassical art:
(1) French painter David, whose masterpieces include death of marat and The Coronation of Napoleon. It shows the important historical events and figures during the French Revolution and Napoleon's reign, and vividly reproduces the important historical picture of France in this period.
(2) French painter Angel's Fountain fully shows the perfect combination of human beauty and classical beauty.
Second, the emergence of romantic art:
1. Background: After the end of Napoleon's rule, people were disappointed with the "rational kingdom" advocated by bourgeois enlightenment thinkers and sought new spiritual sustenance. This kind of emotion is reflected in the field of artistic creation, which produces romantic art.
2. Features: paying attention to expressing people's feelings, emphasizing the integrity and unity of the whole picture with bright colors and bold brushstrokes, but not sticking to the excessive description and depiction of local and details. Romantic art especially emphasizes the role of color, making the picture colorful and magnificent.
3. Representative figures and works:1In the early 9th century, French romantic painter Delacroix's masterpiece "Guiding People's Freedom" typically showed the style characteristics of this painting school.
Third, realistic art and impressionism.
1, time:1mid-9th century.
2. Representative figures and works:
(1) Miller in France. Miller's works mainly reflect the life and feelings of farmers, such as The Sower and gleaner.
(2) Lie Bin in Russia. Lie Bin, a Russian painter, is full of a strong sense of national hardship, profoundly showing the social reality of Russia, deeply sympathizing with the miserable situation of the working people and expressing their longing for a better life. His masterpiece is The Trackman on the Volga River.
3. Impressionist background:
(1) 65438+the second half of the 9th century, social and economic development and scientific and technological progress.
(2) A group of young painters, with the aim of "not caring about the theme", resisted conservative and trite themes.
(3) Features:
With the help of the new achievements in the field of optics at that time, A was fascinated by the study of light and color, emphasizing the "instantaneous impression" of everything in the world under light and color, and expressing subtle color changes.
B65438+At the end of 2009 and the beginning of the 20th century, Impressionism further developed and strongly advocated the expression of individuality. Most of the works have rough lines, exaggerated forms, bright colors and decorative charm.
(4) Impressionism is due to the work "Sunrise" by French painter Monet. Named after the impression.
(5) Van Gogh in the Netherlands is a famous representative of Impressionism in this period. Van Gogh was called "the painter who jumped into the sun". His work Sunflower makes people feel brilliant under the scorching sun.
(6) Cezanne, a French painter, is good at still life painting, with strong color contrast and strong three-dimensional sense, and is called "the father of modern painting".
Fourthly, modernist art.
1, the background of modernist art:
(1) The two world wars in the 20th century caused great trauma to people's hearts.
(2) With the acceleration of industrialization, people's sense of tension has intensified, and traditional artistic expressions can no longer meet people's spiritual needs.
(3) The development of science and technology broadens artists' horizons of understanding the world, and they try to create with new forms of expression and artistic spirit. They created all kinds of new schools that are completely different from traditional art, collectively known as modernist art.
2, the characteristics of modernist art:
Anti-tradition and anti-rationality, attach importance to the artist's inner "self-feeling" and "self-expression", and reveal the artist's complex psychology such as anger, negativity, pessimism and disappointment.
3. Representatives and works of modernist art:
Spanish painter Picasso is one of the most influential modernist artists. His work guernica accuses the fascist German Air Force of bombing the Spanish city of guernica through a series of distorted patterns.
Lesson 24 Music and Film and Television Art
Basic explanation
I./kloc-Music schools and masterpieces in the 0/9th century
1, the rise of romantic music:
(1) Time:19th century.
(2) Features: Pay attention to lyricism, autobiography and the form of personal psychological portrayal, highlighting personal feelings.
(3) Development: centered on Austria and Germany, romantic music reached its peak in the middle of19th century.
2. Representative figures and works:
(1) The late works of German musician Beethoven are a bridge between classicism and romanticism. He expressed his thoughts and feelings of opposing feudal autocracy and praising capitalism in his symphony works.
(2) the outstanding representative of romantic music is Austrian John? Strauss. He is known as the "king of waltzes", and his works are beautiful in melody and light in rhythm, the most famous of which is The Blue Danube.
3. Brilliant achievements of opera:
(1) Italian musician Verdi created operas such as La Traviata, which expressed strong patriotism and national consciousness.
(2) French opera artist Bicai's Carmen vividly shows romanticism.
4, the rise of national music school:
(3)/kloc-In Europe in the 9th century, there appeared a school of national music that promoted national characteristics.
(4)1In the middle and late 9th century, Russian folk music rose. Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake is a world-famous masterpiece.
Second, the development and changes of world music in the 20th century
1, the rise of modernist music:
(1) Time: American jazz originated at the end of 19, and gained unprecedented popularity after World War I. ..
(2) Features: relaxed and lively, easy to understand, and widely circulated all over the world.
(3) Development: After World War II, music represented by rock, blues and jazz became more popular and attracted countless listeners. The change of public psychology in the new era, especially the growth of teenagers' rebellious spirit, makes rock music become the mainstream of pop music.
2. Representative works:
(1) In the early 1950s, the rock music "Shake Day and Night" caused a great shock to American teenagers.
(2) In 1960s, rock music became more and more popular in America, and works such as Time is Changing appeared.
(3) British The Beatles also has great influence in the West.
3. Impact: With the revolution of communication technology and the increasing convenience of transportation, the increasingly prosperous pop music activities have changed the entertainment and lifestyle of human beings. The increasing exchange and blending of music between countries has deepened the understanding and respect of different national music and promoted the prosperity of world music.
Third, the emergence and development of film and television art
1, the emergence and development of film art:
(1) Conditions:1In the late 9th century, human society entered the electrical age, and the rapid progress of science and technology provided the technical and material basis for the appearance of movies.
(2) production:
At the end of a 19, Lumiere brothers of France made a film machine with both shooting and projection functions.
At the end of b 1895, they showed their short film to the public for the first time, which marked the birth of the film.
C At the beginning of the 20th century, American Griffith filmed and directed both narrative and artistic films, such as The Birth of a Country. But the original films are all black and white silent films, which are called "silent films".
D The Soviet film industry developed rapidly, and films such as Battleship potemkin were filmed.
2. Maturity:
(1) 1927, the United States successfully filmed a sound film for the first time, with sound, dialogue, music and singing, and the film entered the sound film period.
(2) 1935, the world's first color film "Vanity Family" was successfully filmed.
(3) After World War II, film technology changed with each passing day with the development of science and technology, and wide-screen and stereoscopic films came out one after another.
3, the emergence and development of television:
(1) Generation: In the mid-1920s, television appeared.
(2) development:
A 1929, the TV program premiered in London, England.
In 1930s, the world's first TV series was broadcast. For the first time, a two-hour TV broadcast was launched every day.
By the end of 1930s, 20,000 households in Britain had televisions.
In the early 1940s, the United States began to pilot color TV programs.
(3) Universal application:
After World War II, TV entered the stage of large-scale popularization and application: TV programs developed from live broadcast to live video broadcast, and from multi-channel transmission to satellite transmission.
4. Influence: Film and television art not only reflects the scientific and technological progress of mankind, but also directly and keenly responds to and influences the development of civilization and the changes of social customs, satisfies people's various aesthetic needs and spiritual pursuits, and has an increasingly profound and extensive influence on social life.