Evidence that Emperor Kangxi loved Queen Hesheli:
★Introduction
On the eighth day of September in the fourth year of Kangxi, Emperor Kangxi got married. At this time, he When he was only 11 years old, he married Hesheli, the granddaughter of Sonny, a first-class prince who was 3 months older than him, and the daughter of Gabra, the minister in charge of the bodyguard. On the same day, she was appointed queen and entered Kunning Palace, becoming the first Manchu queen in the history of the Qing Dynasty. However, they were different from the late emperor Shunzhi and his empress who were so indifferent and unrighteous. The couple had a very good relationship after marriage, although Ao Bai was not convinced because his daughter was not selected, which caused trouble. But this cannot shake the true love between the two. The queen had two sons: the eldest son Chenghu (the 13th day of the twelfth lunar month in the eighth year of Kangxi - the fifth day of February in the eleventh year of Kangxi, 1669-1672), and the second son Baocheng (i.e. Yinreng, the third day of May in the thirteenth year of Kangxi - the second year of Yongzheng). The fourteenth day of the twelfth lunar month, 1674-1724). In the thirteenth year of Kangxi's reign, the queen died due to dystocia at the age of 22.
★Kangxi's reaction after the queen's death:
1. Give the queen the posthumous title "Queen Renxiao" (this is unique in the Qing Dynasty)
2 , On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in the thirteenth year of Kangxi's reign, the Queen's Zi Palace was placed in the west of the Forbidden City
3. Starting from the fifth day of May, Kangxi went to mourn in front of the Zi Palace almost every day
< p>4. On May 27th, Kangxi personally sent the queen to Gonghua City5. From June to December in the thirteenth year of Kangxi’s reign, Kangxi went to Gonghua City 34 times; in the fourteenth year of Kangxi’s reign, he went to Gonghua City 34 times; Went 15 times in fifteen years
6. From the first month to July of the sixteenth year of Kangxi, we went to Gonghua City 7 times
7. On New Year's Eve of the sixteenth year of Kangxi, I still went to accompany my first wife (this At that time, Niu Hulu had been appointed as his queen)
8. Kangxi personally inspected the mausoleum where Hesheli would be buried
9. The North Korean envoy reported to his king: " The emperor of the Qing Dynasty did not care about state affairs..."
10. On December 14, the 14th year of Kangxi's reign, the queen's orphan Yinreng, who was less than 2 years old, was made the crown prince
11. The legitimate queen died. There are two princes in Qi Ce Bao, but after the death of Tong Jia, Qi Ce Bao was downgraded to one prince and one county prince
12. Kangxi personally made the book of Queen Renxiao, which is the most simple and unpretentious; while the others The posthumous title of the second empress only calls for the ministerial system, and the rhetoric is full of flattery without any real meaning, but Kangxi nodded and praised it (it can be described as "perfunctory and prevaricating")
13. Kangxi Forty-seven years after deposing the crown prince, Kangxi cried and scolded the prince for being "born to defeat his mother", and that night he dreamed of the queen who had been dead for 34 years
★About this unique posthumous title
Queen Hesheli's first posthumous title was "Renxiao". As for "Xiaochengren", it was changed by Yongzheng, so we won't mention it for now. Let’s talk about the posthumous title of “Renxiao” which is unique among the queens of the Qing Dynasty: the posthumous titles of other queens of the Qing Dynasty all start with the word “filial piety”, and four queens’ posthumous titles were registered before Kangxi, namely: Empress Xiaocigao, Empress Xiaoduan Empress Wen, Empress Xiaoxian (that is, Shunzhi's favorite concubine Dong E's family) and Empress Xiaokangzhang, why did Kangxi give such a posthumous title to his own wife? Kangxi himself was posthumously named the "Emperor of Benevolence". His achievements were praised not only by his descendants, but also by all those who worshiped him. He was hailed as the most accomplished emperor in the Qing Dynasty. With such a "benevolent" person The posthumous title can be said to be supreme, and the ancients must have also respected "benevolence" very much. The ancients admired Confucius, and didn't Confucius admire "benevolence and righteousness"? The fact that Kangxi gave his first wife such a posthumous title shows the deep relationship between the two.
★Detailed explanation of the posthumous title
Benevolence: Accumulating righteousness and achieving great achievements is called Ren; being kind to the people and loving things is called Ren; self-denial and returning to rituals is called Ren; honoring the virtuous and kissing them is called Ren; killing oneself to become a benevolent person is called Ren. Being able to benefit the country is called benevolence; benefiting all generations is called benevolence; being able to act with ease is called benevolence; doing merit to the people is called benevolence; being able to bend oneself to catch others is called benevolence; acting with merit is called benevolence; being tolerant, trustworthy and sensitive is called benevolence; loving benevolence and establishing things is called benevolence. Benevolence; the establishment of the essence of the body is called benevolence; the good life of the sky is called benevolence; the education and transformation of Pu Bo is called benevolence; the compassion is the quality of benevolence; the love and love of Pu Qia is called benevolence
Filial piety: the five sects of peace are called filial piety; kindness Favoring one's relatives is called filial piety; being virtuous and not reciprocating is called filial piety; being in harmony with time and enjoying things is called filial piety; taking care of one's conduct is called filial piety; being kind and caring for the people is called filial piety; being kind and forgetting about work is called filial piety; being obedient and not disobeying one's orders is called filial piety; doing good things to one's parents is called filial piety; Zunyi Anren is called filial piety; being tireless in admonishing is called filial piety; marrying well with the party is called filial piety; being knowledgeable and preparing for support is called filial piety; being respectful and cautious is called filial piety; respecting benevolence and loving righteousness is called filial piety; being able to support and be respectful is called filial piety; doing gu is called reputation. It is called filial piety; carrying on one's ambitions and accomplishing them is called filial piety; carrying out the virtues of the world is called filial piety; inheriting one's previous ambitions is called filial piety; giving generous gifts is called filial piety; teaching punishments to the world is called filial piety; being virtuous and understanding the gods is called filial piety; inheriting one's will from the beginning is called filial piety; being able to serve is called filial piety. Sacrifice is called filial piety; ambition not forgetting relatives is called filial piety; being rich but not arrogant is called filial piety; Dejia and the common people are called filial piety; Huiyin Kesi is called filial piety
★ Regarding the queen's two children, Kangxi naturally regarded them as the apple of his eye:
For Chenghu (because Chenghu died at a young age, there are very few positive records about him):
Qing history expert Yang Zhen boldly speculated in her "Qing Dynasty Throne Succession System" Kangxi had the intention of establishing Chenghu before he made Yinfeng the crown prince; in "Records" about Chenghu's death, there is a saying by Kangxi: "I can't help a child's affairs..." (similar to the later Shiba'a) The situation of brother's death is similar. Although I say so on the surface, I am actually very sad in my heart. Thinking about Kangxi's pain of losing his eighteenth brother, you can understand how sad he was after losing Chenghu, not to mention that Chenghu was still the eldest son); "Notes on Kangxi's Daily Life" records that after Chenghu died on the fifth day of February in the eleventh year of Kangxi's reign, Kangxi was staying with Xiaozhuang in Chicheng Tangquan, and was unable to see his son for the last time, so he was "depressed". However, he did not want to make the emperor unhappy. The Queen Mother was sad, but still "laughed and talked as usual", and finally hid in a corner and cried, making arrangements to take care of the prince's funeral. Kangxi also loved Chenghu very much, but no one paid attention to him because he died young. It's a pity that he didn't have the blessing to enjoy it, and all his blessings in the next life were taken up by his younger brother Yinreng.
To Yinreng:
Kangxi's love for the crown prince Yinreng can be said to be "unprecedented and unprecedented", and it has been involved to a very absurd extent. The crown prince had whatever he wanted. As long as Kangxi could satisfy his son, he would want to pick off even the stars in the sky and give them to him. Kangxi pampered Yinreng at every turn, simply appeasing and fostering an adulterer. Take good care of him and train him personally. Yinreng had many bad habits. Instead of blaming him, Kangxi blamed the people around him for leading his son badly. This brought a good prince to a dead end: the prince became evil, so bad that he could no longer do evil. Yinreng was moody and often talked back to his father, but Kangxi was not angry at all unless he couldn't bear it anymore. Moreover, Yinreng's food and clothing were the same as those of Kangxi. Even Kangxi's official called him the "Second Emperor"... In fact, Kangxi was very fond of him. The crown prince's doting goes far beyond that, so I won't list them all.
★Coned concubines
And from the fourth year of Kangxi’s reign when Hesheli entered the palace to the thirteenth year of Kangxi’s death, although there were many women in Kangxi, only the queen had the title. (This does not exclude the incompleteness of the harem code system in the early Qing Dynasty). Among them are the Ma Jia family who gave birth to the real eldest son of the emperor, the Niu Hulu family who entered the palace with the Hesheli family, the eldest brother's biological mother Yehenala, and possibly the emperor's cousin Tong Jia. Family, etc., these women who are most qualified to obtain titles have no status. There is a special case. In the ninth year of Kangxi, Mongolian Borjinjit passed away and was chased as Concubine Hui. This is a story later. When the queen passed away in the thirteenth year, Kangxi insisted on keeping filial piety for the queen for three years. It was not until the sixteenth year that other women were registered for the first time. By this time, Kangxi already had children such as the crown prince, the eldest and third princes, the second and third princesses, and the adopted eldest princess. On August 22nd, he enthroned the second queen Niu Hulu, and conferred several titles at once, including: Tong Jia - noble concubine, Guo Luoluo - Yi concubine, Ma Jia - Rong concubine, Ye The Henala family is the Hui concubine, the Hesheli family is the Xi concubine, the Dong family is the Duan concubine, the Li family is the An concubine, and the Zhangjia family is the Jing concubine.
★Children’s birth:
According to the birth dates of the princes and daughters, it can be inferred that after Chenghu’s death, Kangxi did not see the other women for half a year. At this time, he was only 18 years old, a period of youthful restlessness. What has he done? At this time, the Qing Dynasty was still very stable; Queen Renxiao passed away, and Kangxi was also apathetic for half a year.
★Postscript
With these reasons, aren’t they enough to prove the sincerity of this love? I like Queen Renxiao and the relationship between Kangxi and her. No matter how much other fans of the concubine try to squash the queen, I will still not waver in my opinion. Queen Renxiao was a virtuous queen in the history of the Qing Dynasty, but she was rarely known because of her short life. If she can live a long life, she will be as famous as Empress Changsun of the Tang Dynasty.
Don't read those novels and TV series. Let me tell you how Kangxi treated her other wives. As you said, it is impossible that he liked Liangfei. At that time, Liangfei died and the ministers wanted Liangfei's son to be the prince, but Kangxi actually said this : "(The eighth son of the emperor) was born to a lowly woman from Xinzheku." That is to say, the good concubine is Xinzheku, which means "in charge of the people who eat rations", that is, the slaves under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
After officials of the Eight Banners in the Qing Dynasty were convicted, they and their families were included in the Xinzheku and became guilty slaves as a form of punishment. The ancestors of the Wei family must have had similar experiences, and they became Xin Zhe's criminal record. She was probably the one with the lowest status among the concubines of the entire Qing Dynasty. Under this condition, she can only act as a palace maid and do some menial and heavy work. When Kangxi said this, the good concubine was dead, and Kangxi still cursed her like this.
The Concubine Rong you are talking about is really a fabrication. Are you watching "Kangxi Dynasty"?
On TV, Kangxi named Concubine Rong the Empress Xiao Ciren.
This is wrong. Historically, there was no Rong concubine in Kangxi, only Rong concubine
Rong concubine: Ma Jia, the daughter of Yuan Wai Lang Gaishan, who was waiting in the palace. In the sixth year of Kangxi (Emperor Kangxi was only fifteen years old at the time), the prince Chengrui was born, the prince Saiyinchahun was born in the tenth year, the third daughter of the emperor, Princess Gulun Rongxian, was born in the twelfth year, the prince Changhua was born in the thirteenth year, and the prince Changsheng was born in the fourteenth year. In February of the 16th year, the emperor's third son, Duoluocheng County Prince Yinzhi, was born. In August of the 16th year, she was named a concubine of honor, and in December of the 20th year, she was promoted to a concubine of honor. In the fifth year of Yongzheng's reign, she passed away on the sixth day of the third lunar month. Concubine Rong was the biological mother of Emperor Kangxi's first prince. She gave birth to six children.
Emperor Kangxi had 4 queens
His wife: Empress Xiaochengren
Empress Xiaochengren was the first empress of Emperor Kangxi, He Shili was born on the 7th of October in the 10th year of Shunzhi (1653). She was a native of Zhenghuang Banner in Manchuria. She was the granddaughter of Sony, the assistant minister. Her father was Kabul, the minister of internal bodyguards. Emperor Kangxi got married on the eighth day of September in the fourth year of Kangxi. Hesheli was appointed queen when the emperor was twelve years old and the queen was thirteen. In the eighth year of Kangxi's reign, the emperor's second son Chengyou was born, who died at the age of four. On the third day of May in the thirteenth year of Kangxi's reign, the emperor's sixth son Yinreng was born, the crown prince who was restored and deposed by Emperor Kangxi. The queen died in Kunning Palace a few hours after giving birth to the emperor's sixth son, at the age of twenty-two. Emperor Kangxi was very sad and resigned from the court for five days. The civil and military officials below the king and the second-rank people of the Eight Banners below the princess and concubine died. They all gathered together to mourn for twenty-seven days. On May 27th, he was moved to Gonghua City in the north of the capital city of Queen Zi Palace. On June 27th, the book overflows and Queen Daxing's day is: Queen Renxiao. On February 19, the 20th year of Kangxi's reign, Queen Renxiao was moved from the Shahe Funeral Palace in Gonghua City. Queen Xiaozhao's Zi Palace; Zi Guan went to Jingling on the 26th and was enshrined in the Xiang Hall; she was buried in the underground palace on the 8th of March. On the fourth day of September in the first year of Yongzheng's reign, she was promoted to the Imperial Ancestral Temple, with the posthumous title: Empress Xiao, Cheng, Gong, Suzheng, Hui'an and Li Tianxiang Shengren. During the Qianlong and Jiaqing years, the titles were added repeatedly, all of which were: Empress Xiao Cheng Gong Su Zheng Hui'an and Shu Yi Ke Minli Tian Xiang Sheng Ren.
The daughter of the auxiliary minister: Empress Xiao Zhaoren
Queen Xiao Zhaoren is the second empress of Kangxi, Niu Hulu, a native of Manchuria with a yellow banner, and a first-class auxiliary minister. The daughter of Bilong. She first entered the palace and was named a concubine. On August 22, the 16th year of Kangxi's reign, she was appointed queen for only half a year. On February 26, the 17th year of Kangxi's reign, she died in Kunning Palace, not even long after the death of the first queen. Five years. The funeral ceremony of Empress Xiao Zhaoren and Empress Xiao Chengren are the same. The difference is that the funeral period of Empress Xiao Zhaoren is a critical time for the expedition against the "Three Feuds". Emperor Kangxi issued an imperial edict: all the kings, Baylor and other officials who go out to conquer the country will fight against thieves. , In the service of pacifying the local area, I am now ordering Yi and others to wear mourning clothes. I can't bear it. They wear mourning clothes, remove earrings, and wear hair. On February 28, the Queen's Zi Palace was moved to Wuying Hall. On March 25th, the Queen's Zi Palace was moved to Gonghua City, where she and the first Queen settled in the Xiang Palace. On the 21st day of the third lunar month, she was named Empress Xiaozhao. Later, on the same month and day of the 20th year of Kangxi's reign, she was moved to Jingling Mausoleum and buried in the underground palace along with the first empress' Zi Palace. Through the three dynasties of Yongzheng, Qianlong and Jiaqing, the posthumous titles were accumulated, and their full names are: Empress Xiao Zhaojing Shuming Huizheng and Empress Anyu Duan Muqin Tianshun Shengren.
Cousin Queen: Queen Xiao Yiren
The third queen is Queen Xiao Yiren, Tong Jia, a native of Manchuria with a yellow banner, the daughter of Tong Guowei, the minister in charge of the bodyguard, originally Kangxi The niece of the emperor's biological mother, Empress Xiao Kangzhang, was Kangxi's cousin. On August 22, the 16th year of Kangxi's reign, she was canonized as a noble concubine, and on December 20, the 20th year of Kangxi's reign, she was promoted to the imperial concubine. In the 22nd year of Kangxi's reign, the eighth daughter of the emperor was born. Emperor Kangxi had not established a queen for more than ten years since the death of Empress Xiao Zhaoren. On the eighth day of July in the twenty-eighth year of Kangxi's reign, the imperial concubine fell seriously ill. Emperor Kangxi issued an order to the Ministry of Rites: "According to the empress dowager's kind instructions, the imperial concubine Tong is a filial woman by nature. She has always practiced Shuyi and has been extremely diligent in educating her sons. Today, Suddenly you are ill and your situation is in danger. I deeply feel sorry for you. I should be appointed as the queen immediately to show your respect and praise. The former nine ministers have repeatedly asked me to appoint you to the middle palace. I have little thought in my heart. The postponement has not been approved. Today, in compliance with Ci's order, the imperial concubine Tong will be appointed as the queen. The ceremony will be held. Your ministry will discuss and hear about it. "On the ninth day of the lunar month, the emperor's concubine Tong will be appointed as the queen and the imperial edict will be issued. On the tenth day of the lunar month, the imperial concubine will be inscribed. (3 p.m. to 5 p.m.) Queen collapses. In fact, she was queen for only one day. Emperor Kangxi stayed out of court for five days. On the 13th, Queen Ziguan was moved to the palace outside Chaoyang Gate. On September 19, the 28th year, she was conferred the posthumous title of Empress Xiaoyi. On October 11th, she was moved to the Zi Palace of Empress Xiaoyi to Jingling, where she was buried next to Empress Danxiao and Xiaozhao. Yong. During the Zheng, Qianlong, and Jiaqing reigns, posthumous titles were accumulated. In April of the fourth year of Jiaqing, the full posthumous titles were: Xiaoyi, Wencheng, Duanren, Xianmu and Luo Cihui.
Yongzheng’s biological mother: Empress Xiaogongren
Empress Xiaogongren was born in the Wuya family in the 17th year of Shunzhi. She was a native of Zhenghuang Banner in Manchuria and the daughter of a powerful military guard. He first entered the palace to serve Emperor Kangxi, and gave birth to the emperor's fourth son, Emperor Yongzheng, on October 30, the seventeenth year of Kangxi (1679). She was registered as a concubine on October 13th, 18th year, when she was twenty years old. In the 19th year of his reign, the sixth son of the emperor, Yinzuo, was born. On December 20, 2009, she was named Concubine De.
In the twenty-first year, the emperor's seventh daughter was born; in the twenty-second year, the emperor's ninth daughter was born; in the twenty-fifth year, the emperor's twelfth daughter was born; in the twenty-seventh year, the emperor's fourteenth son, Xunjun Wang Yinzhen, was born. In November of the 61st year of Kangxi's reign, Emperor Yongzheng ascended the throne, and Concubine De was promoted to the Empress Dowager. The ministers offered the Empress Dowager a title, but she refused to do so. On May 22 of the first year of Yongzheng's reign, the Empress Dowager fell ill. Emperor Yongzheng went to Yonghe Palace in person and served the decoction day and night. On the 23rd, Empress Xiao Gongren died. Queen Zi's palace was enshrined in Ningshou Palace, and Emperor Yongzheng set up a leaning hut inside Cangzhen Gate to mourn. The lean-to house was the residence of the bereaved in ancient times. The lean-to was made of wood. It was built under the east wall outside the central gate. First, a piece of wood was placed on the ground five feet away from the wall, and five oak logs were erected leaning against the east wall. It is covered with thatch, and the north and south exits are also screened with straw curtains. It opens to the north and is not plastered inside and outside. It is a thatched shed. Emperor Yongzheng was forty-five years old. He went to his mother's palace three times a day to offer food to his mother. He kept wailing and all the officials wept. The Empress Dowager died during the mourning period of Emperor Kangxi. On May 26, she was respectfully moved to the Empress Dowager's Zi Palace and enshrined in the Shouhuang Hall. On June 20, at a meeting of the Prime Minister, Ministers and other officials, the Fourth Empress was respectfully invited to visit the Holy Ancestor Temple to honor her posthumously and add the word "Ren" to her posthumous title. Emperor Yongzheng issued an edict: "My mother-in-law was promoted to the Taimiao Temple of my nephew. The ceremony is very important. If I want to show my filial piety to my ministers, I must allow the constitution of the previous generation to be established. I must be reasonable and agree with it, so that it can be known for thousands of years." The kings and ministers quoted the Song Dynasty Emperor Yongzheng took this as an example of the rituals of the four empresses of Taizong and Zhenzong, and issued an edict: "Empress Gongwei, Empress Xiaochengren, Chenji, Empress Xiaozhaoren and Empress Xiaoyiren succeeded to the throne in the middle palace. The birth of Empress Xiaogongren Yu Lian bows, and the mother honors the world. According to the ritual of the Confucian Confucian Temple: One Yuan Hou, one Jili, and Yi Sheng, the current mother is promoted to the nephew, and the first one is Queen Xiao Chengren, and the second one is Xiao Zhaoren. Queen, I will serve as Queen Xiao Yiren and then Queen Xiao Gongren. This is in line with the ancient etiquette, and my heart is at peace. "
On the first day of September in the first year of Yongzheng's reign, Xiao Gongren was buried. The queen is in Jingling. Queen Xiao Gongren was sixty-four years old. All posthumous titles are: Xiaogong Xuanhui, Wen Suding, Yuci, Chunqin, Muzan, Tiancheng Shengren, Queen.