Jiangxi Poetry School is the first poetry school with a formal name in the history of China literature. In the early years of Song Huizong, around A.D.11year, that is, around six years after Huang Tingjian's death, Lu Benzhong wrote the Sect Map of Jiangxi Poetry Society (see Xie Siwei's Lv Benzhong and Jiangxi Sect Map for details, Document Heritage No.3, 1985).
At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Fang Hui called Du Fu the ancestor of Jiangxi Poetry School, while Huang Tingjian, Chen and Chen were the "schools" of Jiangxi Poetry School. Fang Hui put forward the theory of "one ancestor and three schools" of Jiangxi poetry school in Sui, forming a poetry school. This school advocates Huang Tingjian's theory of turning iron into gold and robbing a fetus to change bones.
Moreover, the members of the poetry school are mostly influenced by Huang Tingjian, and their poetry creation style is mainly chanting the life of the study and paying attention to the scrutiny skills of words. Many members of the poetry school are Du Fu in mathematics. Fang Hui, a poetry critic in Yuan Dynasty, and Du Fu, Huang Tingjian, Chen are also called the ancestors of Jiangxi poetry school (Ying Sui, volume 26, comments on Chen Qingming).
The poetry theory of Jiangxi Poetry School emphasizes "replacing bones with fetuses" and "turning iron into gold", that is, inheriting the words or meanings of predecessors; Advocating thin, hard and strange poetic style; The pursuit of every word has a source. In the creative practice, the school of poetry "takes the old as the new", and the poetry styles of important writers are different, which has become the most influential school of poetry in the Song Dynasty.
Cultural influence
Turning stone into gold is his important inheritance to Du Fu. He often copied the poems of his predecessors and made some changes, advocating a thin and hard style, often using obscure allusions and uncommon literals, striving for novelty and surprise. They opposed the Quincy School's emphasis on melody and rhetoric, so they tried to explore new artistic skills and embarked on a new formalistic road that was divorced from reality.
In the forty or fifty years after Su Shi and Huang Tingjian and before Lu You and other four great poets, the rise of Jiangxi Poetry School is the most important literary phenomenon in the poetry circle. The evolution of Jiangxi Poetry School itself also represents the transformation from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty. Although this evolution is stimulated by external factors such as the change of Jingkang, the more important reason is the development law of poetry itself.