This Tang poem begins with "At dusk in Shihao Village, officials catch people at night", which records the process of Shi Hao officials arguing with an old man and an old woman. From the old woman's mouth, we know that two of her three sons have died in battle, and now the stone trench collectors will come to capture the old man to enrich Tang Jun.
At the same time, there is also a saying that "there is no one in the room, only grandchildren". There's a granddaughter who hasn't left, and she can't finish wearing her skirt. "It further illustrates how miserable the lives of ordinary people in that era were. Almost all the men in the family are cannon fodder, with only one child left, but the whole family is too poor to live any longer.
When the old woman and Shihao officer finished all this, the old man climbed over the wall and ran away. In order to cope with Shihao officials, the old woman even volunteered. "Although the old woman is weak, please come back from her career. I am anxious to respond to the wishes of the river, and I have to prepare breakfast. "
1. Stone moat officials won't even let the old people go. Why don't they arrest Du Fu, who is only 47 years old?
In fact, the obvious answer lies in Du Fu's special position. What's his status? This is reflected in his poems. Du Fu was born tax-free, and his name was not levied. This is Du Fu's confession in "From Beijing to Fengxian, reciting 500 words". After Du Fu's grandfather Du Shenyan died, he was given an official position, which corresponded to the minimum standard of exemption from military service in Tang Dynasty.
So Du Fu doesn't have to follow the stone trench officials.
2. How did Du Fu prove that he didn't have to do military service?
However, another problem has arisen. How did Du Fu prove that he didn't have to do military service? At that time, there was no ID card or anything. You can check it online. Why do "stone collectors" believe that you are not a refugee who evaded taxes and military service?
The key is that Du Fu really has an ID card and carries it with him. However, this ID card is not called an ID card, but a confession. The so-called confession is the official's ID card and letter of appointment. At that time, Du Fu joined the army as a state official and was living in Bapin. He was on his way back to Huazhou from Luoyang to visit relatives and friends.
Therefore, Du Fu's identity is quite special, and he was already a privileged class at that time.
But at the same time, our hearts can't help but sigh. People's Fu, who doesn't pay taxes, belongs to the privileged class and still lives in such poverty, so don't ordinary people live more miserable?
The answer is, of course, yes. Stone Trencher has written the truest reality before, expressing sympathy for ordinary people.
3. Where is Du Fu's sympathy?
Here comes another question: Since Du Fu loves the people so much, why can't he speak for them?
In fact, many people have thought about this question, and the best answer can only be said that Du Fu's heart is also contradictory. He was very aware of the general trend of the world at that time. If Tang Jun wanted to win the Anshi Rebellion, he must immediately replenish his army. To supplement the army, it is necessary to recruit people everywhere in this way, and the stone trench collector is doing the most basic work.
In that case, he knew that the behavior of the stone ditch collector was justified and could not be stopped. Because this is not only his own order, but also related to the safety of the Tang Dynasty. Stopping it can only be a superficial expression of sympathy, without any benefit.
But at the same time, Du Fu's heart was full of sympathy. Instead of "reporting" the old man's escape, he wrote this Tang poem with ambivalence, which is the best choice.
In a paper, critics even think that Du Fu's approval of Shi Haoguan's arrest is a reflection of his patriotic spirit; At the same time, Du Fu deserves sympathy for the elderly, which is the embodiment of his thought of loving the people.
However, there is no way to achieve unity between his two thoughts, which is contradictory. It is precisely because of this contradiction that Du Fu wrote this poem "Stone Trough", which made future generations read a lot of thoughts.
Knowing three questions can help us better understand the ditcher.