This poem reveals the decadent life of the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty who indulged in sensuality, drunkenness, and dreams by describing what he saw, heard, and felt while mooring at Qinhuai at night. Both sides of the Qinhuai River were prosperous places during the Six Dynasties, a place where the rich, powerful, scholars and poets indulged in sex and had fun. The poet stayed in Qinhuai at night. Under the vast sandy moon and misty smoke, he saw the feasting and feasting, and heard the obscene songs and songs. The whole poem embodies emotions in the scenery, with a sad artistic conception.
The smoke is in the cold water, the moon is in the sand, and I stay in Qinhuai at night near the restaurant.
The merchant girl did not know the hatred of the country's subjugation, but she still sang "Flowers in the Back Garden" across the river.
Jiankang was the capital of the Six Dynasties. The Qinhuai River passed through the city and flowed into the Yangtze River. There were many restaurants on both sides of the city. It was a place for entertainment and banquets for wealthy nobles, bureaucrats and scholar-officials at that time. Although the capital of the Tang Dynasty was not in Jiankang, the scene on both sides of the Qinhuai River remained the same.
Some people say that "good sentences are especially rare" in poetry (Yan Yu's "Canglang Poetry Talk"). The first sentence in this poem is extraordinary, and the two characters "cage" are very eye-catching. Smoke, water, moon and sand are harmoniously blended together by the two characters "cage", creating an extremely elegant night scene by the water. It is so soft and quiet, but also implies a slightly floating and flowing mood. The pen and ink are so light, but the misty and cold atmosphere is so strong. The "moon and water" in the first sentence are related to the "night stay in Qinhuai" in the second sentence, so after reading the first sentence, it seems natural to read "the night stay in Qinhuai near the restaurant". But as far as the poet's activities are concerned, he should first "move at Qinhuai at night" before he can see the scenery of "smoke cage, cold water, moon cage and sand". However, if you really turn around and read it, you will find it boring. The advantages of this writing method are: first of all, it creates a very distinctive environment and atmosphere, giving people a strong attraction and creating a pre-emptive artistic effect, which is in line with the requirements of artistic expression. Secondly, the treatment of the first and second sentences is very similar to the relationship between the scene and the inscription of a painting. When people appreciate a painting, they usually focus on the wonderful picture first (this is like "Smoke cage, cold water, moon cage cage sand"), and then look at the inscription in the corner (this is "Night Parking in Qinhuai"). Therefore, the poet's writing is also in line with people's artistic appreciation habits.
"A night stay in Qinhuai near a restaurant" may seem ordinary, but it is worth pondering. The logical relationship in this poem is very strong. Because of the "night stay in Qinhuai", he was "near the restaurant". However, the first four words point out the time and place for the scenery in the previous sentence, making it more personal and typical, and also echo the title of the poem; the last three words open the way for the following, because "near" "Restaurant" leads to "Business Girl", "Hate for the country's subjugation", and "Backyard Flower", and thus touches the poet's feelings. Therefore, from the perspective of the development of the poem and the expression of emotions, the three words "near the restaurant" are like opening the floodgates, and the water of the river gushes out in an endless stream. These seven words connect the previous and the following, and network the whole article. The poet's detailed and exquisite conception can be seen here.
Shangnu is a singer who serves others. What they sing depends on the taste of the listener. It can be seen that the poem "Shang women don't know the hatred of the country's subjugation" is a kind of song. The real ones who "don't know the hatred of the country's subjugation" are the appreciators in the song - feudal nobles, bureaucrats, Gentleman. "Flowers in the Back Garden", also known as "Flowers in the Back Garden of Yushu", is said to be a piece of music composed by the empress Chen of the Southern Dynasties who was dissolute and delinquent. This melodious music had long since brought Chen Chao to his death. However, now there are people who, in this age of decline, do not care about national affairs, but use the sound of national subjugation to have fun. How can this not cause the poet to worry that history will repeat itself! The word "across the river" comes from the story of "hate for the country's subjugation". It refers to the Sui Dynasty soldiers Chen's army in the north of the Yangtze River. The small court of the Southern Dynasty across the river was in danger, but the empress Chen was still indifferent. The word "still singing" subtly and naturally connects history, reality and imagined future, which is profound. "The business girl does not know the hatred of her country's subjugation, but she still sings "Flowers in the Back Garden" across the river." In the graceful and light style, she shows bitter irony, deep sorrow, and infinite emotion, which can be called a "swan song". These two sentences express the relatively sober feudal intellectuals' hidden worries about state affairs, and also reflect that the bureaucrats and nobles are filling their decayed and empty souls with a life of sex, singing, dancing, and extravagance. This is exactly the reality of the declining late Tang Dynasty. Portraits of two different sides.