Tang Dynasty: Wang Jian
This kind of flower is different from other flowers and plants, and its flowering period is all over the country.
Lingling, who is fragrant everywhere, is ashamed to death, and the red is wandering around and withering.
Soft luster covers the slender body, and charming colors warm and delicate skin.
Flowers are covered with golden stamens and petals are like red tassels.
Scent and obedience can edify clothes, and you should draw palace paintings with beautiful posture.
Will be grateful, like the bride's pale but sad, but also like the sick man's sick man.
Please know that this flower is short-lived, and guests will stay and enjoy it for a while.
The wind blew the flowers to the end overnight, and it was difficult for even a daughter to buy them back.
translate
The price of this flower is different from other flowers and plants, and it overflows the whole country at the moment of blooming.
The fragrance is overflowing, and Lingling is ashamed to death. The color is red, the color is light and the color is dry.
Soft luster covers slender limbs, and charming colors warm and delicate skin.
The stamens are like gold powder, and the petals are like red tassels.
Fragrance and smoothness can cultivate royal clothes, and beauty should be painted into the palace.
A woman who will thank, wither and look at the sick man like a faint sad bride.
Please know that this flower is short-lived. Please stay and enjoy it for a while.
Flowers are hard to buy back even if the breeze blows all night and they are gone.
To annotate ...
Peony Appreciation: This is a poem about peony appreciation written by the poet when he lived in Chang 'an. The whole poem revolves around the word "reward" and writes about his own aesthetic feelings when watching peony.
Name and price difference: (Peony) is different from other flowers in reputation and value. The price of fame is still the price of sound. Yan Zhitui's "Yan Family Instructions Mianxue in Northern Qi Dynasty": "There was a gentleman who studied history by himself, and his name was very high." Press: People in the Tang Dynasty were fond of peony, especially in the middle Tang Dynasty when Wang Jian lived.
Imperial capital: the national capital, here refers to Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. Tang Hanyu's poem "Offering Water in Early Spring": "The most important benefit is the spring of the year, which is definitely better than the flowers and willows in the imperial city." Benefits: water overflows the vessel, indicating that it is full.
Xiang: The fragrance is overflowing. Lingling (líng): The whole Tang poem was written as Lingling. The Tang people thought Ling was a lotus flower. Shan Li, a native of the Tang Dynasty, said in Notes on Selected Works: "Ling, the ancient word' lotus'." Mei Cheng's "Seven Hair" in Han Dynasty says: "The fragrance of creeping grass." It is said that it is famous for its fragrance. Ling is a fairy. She is both a fragrant flower and a lotus, which can be proved by the inscription "Lotus fragrance". The peony flowers in this sentence are overflowing, which makes Lingling pale and ashamed to death.
Braised in brown sauce: the color is as red as fire. Zhí (zhú): refers to the mountain salamander, also known as the red salamander, Shan Shiliu, azalea and azalea. See Compendium of Materia Medica, Volume 17. Bai Juyi's poem "Shan Shiliu sends Yuan Jiu": "The high branches are fragrant purple, and the dense leaves are deep red."
Soft light: Soft luster. Pulse: Jude said the pulse. This sentence writes the rhyme of peony. In ancient Chinese, pulse was interpreted as something as coherent and systematic as blood vessels. Referring to the poems of past dynasties, the veinlets refer to the thin water flow, which can be translated as the thin water flow here, but in combination with the whole article, the poem should describe the posture of peony, and the veinlets refer to the branches of peony more appropriately.
Demon color: gorgeous and beautiful. Bai Juyi's poem "Peony Square": "Reduce the enchanting color of peony." Warm: the original lack, according to the seat "the whole Tang poetry" to make up. Fresh skin: fresh refers to new and gorgeous. Fresh skin refers to delicate and beautiful skin. Lu Ji's Sunrise in the Southeast Corner: "Fresh skin is moist, and if it is beautiful, it can be eaten."
Rui: Yuan Ye, according to the whole Tang poetry as the core. Gold powder: Broken cores are finely aggregated into gold powder. Han cong's poem "ode to unopened peony" reads: "The tender buds are covered with gold powder, and the flowers are beautiful."
Ribbed: Rolled petals. Plumes of crimson su: like plumes of red tassels.
"Good harmony": Writing peony fragrance can cultivate royal clothes. Royal costume: clothes worn by emperors. "The Filial Piety of Empress Xu": "Jiao Fang's etiquette, imperial service and official position, all his works are left at home." Preface to the Book of Song Enxing Biography: "Serving in the middle service is also in charge of the imperial service."
"Paintable" sentence: The beauty of peony, as beautiful as a beauty, can be painted as a picture of a beautiful woman entering the palace.
Late stage: write about the flower state of dying peony. Sad bride: Like a bride with faint sadness.
Residual makeup: the flower stand that writes dead peony flowers. Looking at the sick man: looking at the sick husband's wife is like a disheveled sideburns and looks haggard.
Know the number: the individual refers to "this" or "that", the number refers to truth, and the sum is the meaning of truth. Here, I know when the flowers will come, and I know quite well.
Reward: expensive seats. Sisu: Wait a minute, wait a minute. Cao Zhi's poem "Giving a White Horse to Wang Biao": "Change in the Four Books."
Distinguish and appreciate
There were many excellent peony poems in the middle Tang Dynasty. Wang Jian does not write about the temporary state of peony, but writes about the beauty of peony from its preciousness, and then writes about the decline of peony, appreciating peony from the perspective of change and cherishing peony's feelings.
At the beginning of the poem, peony is expensive, and the word "name and price" directly tells the dignity of peony above all flowers. Subsequently, the author vividly described the grand occasion of peony blooming in Chang 'an City with a word "Yi". The peony blooming everywhere in Chang 'an, Nuoda, the bustling scene seems to be beyond words. This "profit" is extended to "full", just like Han Changli's "Jing Yan Liu Man Jingshi". Both poems are not only quantitative, from a deeper level, Han's poems are more about the fullness of Chang 'an in spring, while Wang Jian's sentence is about the peony temperament sweeping Chang 'an. Exaggerated bold pen, vivid and accurate words, people deeply feel the prosperity of peony.
The last sentence further describes the beauty of peony through comparison. Lingling is a legendary herb, but she is ashamed to death by the fragrance of peony. The salamander is a red flower, but it looks pale and withered when it meets the bright color of peony. In this description, even people who have never seen peony can feel its extraordinary brilliance and fragrance. Then, the author describes the charm of peony. Branches are caged by soft light, and flowers are smudged by enchanting colors. The first sentence describes the slender posture and temperament of peony, and the second sentence depicts the texture of peony flowers with the metaphor of beauty and rejuvenation, vividly depicting the beauty of peony flowers from different angles. Subsequently, the author used a lot of metaphors to describe the details of peony flowers. The yellow stamens of peony flowers are compared with gold powder, and the full characters vividly write the complexity of peony stamens; The color and shape of peony petals are written by comparing peony petals with red tassels. The phrase "good harmony" sets off the brushwork of writing peony. Incense can edify royal clothes, and posture can be painted into the palace, all of which are used by the royal family to set off the nobility of peony temperament.
Then the author suddenly changed his pen and began to write about the late state and decline of peony, using a sad bride and a sick woman to write about the decline and decline of peony. With anthropomorphic brushwork, the late state of peony is written, which makes people pity. From writing about the prosperity of peony to the preciousness of peony, to the beauty of peony, to the decline of peony, the author guides everyone from admiration to love to pity step by step. At this time, the author sent a feeling, please cherish the flowers, and the guests can enjoy them for a while. At this time, the mood is already very natural. Through the above description, readers should feel sympathy for peony at this time, as if the author expressed our thoughts.
In the end, the author set sail overnight and had no money to buy it, revealing the disappointment of waiting. The opening is gorgeous and the ending is deserted. The strong contrast makes the ending look like a blank picture scroll, which is meaningful and intriguing. When the breeze blows, the flowers wither. Among them, there are reluctance, pity and indifference, and all kinds of emotions are read out by the role.
It is not unique to Wang Jian to write about cherishing flowers with death. Bai Juyi had a tendency of "cherishing peony flowers" for a while: "The red peony in front of the stage is melancholy, leaving only two branches late. The wind of the Ming Dynasty will blow out, and the night is precious to watch the fire. " Since then, Li Shangyin's imitation is "Drunk under the Flowers": "When a guest wakes up in the evening, light a red candle to enjoy the residual flowers." Su Shi also wrote: "I am afraid of falling asleep at night, so I light a high candle and wear red makeup." Although Wang Jian's peony poems are also about death and cherishing flowers, they take readers into that kind of well-laid lost scene with meticulous emotional grasp from the beginning to the end. The poem describes the transition to nature, and the feeling of regret and disappointment naturally comes. Wang Jian's unique peony poems in Tang Dynasty, starting from simply appreciating peony, cherish the feelings of peony, and don't pin their political ambitions on personal gains and losses, that is, write the word "reward", which has a unique style.