Source: China Poetry-Southern Song Dynasty-Lu You
Complain about one's feelings
The blue shirts first entered Jiuchong City,
Make good friends.
Wax sealed the midnight,
Being honest with friends and friends.
Time is fleeting, ambition is hard to achieve,
Hair on the temple.
Ping Zhang Fengyue, who toured all over the country,
Not fame.
Source: Southern Song Dynasty-Lu You
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciation of Lu You's Ci
Complain (1)
Lu you
When Wanli sought to seal Hou, ② he kept Liangzhou alone. ③
Now the military life of defending the border fortress can only appear in dreams, but I don't know where I am in dreams. (4) dusty dark old mink. ⑤
The Hu people are still alive, the temples are frosty in autumn, and the affectionate tears are dry.
Who knows that in this life, my heart is in Tianshan and I am always in Cangzhou! ⑦
Think back to Wan Li in Pengcheng, who went to the border to defend Liangzhou in order to find opportunities to make contributions. Nowadays, the military life of guarding the frontier fortress can only appear in dreams, and I don't know where I am when I wake up. Dust covered the mink of the old expedition. Hu ren has not disappeared, his temples have been frosted in autumn, and his affectionate tears have flowed in vain. Who would have thought that I wanted to fight it wholeheartedly in Tianshan Mountain in my life, but now I am dying of old age in Cangzhou!
Author:1125-1210, whose real name is Weng Fang and his ancestral home is Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Filial piety makes a scholar. He devoted his life to the restoration of the Central Plains and was an outstanding patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He wrote more than 10,000 poems in his life. He entered Shu at the age of forty-six, served as a judge in Kuizhou (now Fengjie, Sichuan), and later served as Sichuan aide in Nanzheng (now Shaanxi front), and his poetic style changed. He especially cherishes his ten-year life in Shu. Therefore, the collection of poems is named "Jiannan Collection" to commemorate it. In his later years, he retired to Yin Shan, and always maintained a high patriotic enthusiasm. On his deathbed, he still remembered the reunification of the motherland. His poems are bold and unconstrained, while his words are both bold and graceful. And Song of Weng.
Note (1) This tune was originally a Tang tune. Also known as Peach Blossom Water and Painting an Empty Building. Five pronouns are performed as "confession order", which is used to write acacia. The word Lu You, as far as the system is concerned, should be called "appealing to the heart". Disyllabic, 44-character, flat and even rhyme.
(2) Seeking Hou in Wanli: Ban Chao in the Eastern Han Dynasty said that a gentleman should "make meritorious service in a foreign country before he can get Hou". Later, he went to the Western Regions and brought more than 50 countries in Conglin East to the Han Dynasty. He was named Dingyuan Hou for his meritorious service. This refers to meritorious service to the country.
3 Liangzhou: Hanzhong. There is Liangshan in Hanzhong, hence the name Liangzhou. Keeping Liangzhou by Horse: It refers to the eight years of Avenue (1 172). At the age of 48, Lu You worked as an assistant to Sichuan Ambassador Wang Yan in Hanzhong.
④ Close: Close the plug. Rivers: River defense. Guanhe: refers to dangerous places in border areas.
⑤ "Dust Dark" sentence: According to legend, Su Qin lobbied the king of Qin for ten times without success, and after returning home, he "broke the mink" ("Warring States Policy? Qin ce "). Here, the mink is dirty and old, indicating that it has been idle for a long time and has not been successful.
Tianshan Mountain: In Xinjiang, the Han and Tang Dynasties were the northwest frontier. Heart in the Tianshan Mountains, that is, there is Wan Li's ambition to join the army.
⑦ Cangzhou: waterfront. Lu You lived in seclusion in San Shancun by Yinshan Lake in his later years.
Comment on this word to express the deep grief and indignation that the national enemy has not been reported and the ambition has not been paid. Although this book is the theme repeatedly expressed by the author in many excellent poems, it is almost impossible to renovate it. However, because the author pays attention to the application and development of the characteristics of words, it is quite different from poetry in performance. The first part of this word is basically a five-seven-character sentence. Although it is easy to compare the heroic feelings of that year with the loneliness of today in the crisscross of time and space, it fails to show the great difference between poetry and poetry. Next, the sentence pattern is completely changed, showing the advantages and disadvantages of some long and short sentences. "Hu is not extinct", saying that the national enemy has not been reported; "The First Autumn", lamenting that this body is old; "Tears flow in vain", complaining that ambition is difficult to stretch; Three three-character short sentences, A Sad Story, and rhyme in the form of antithesis. Nine words for a lifetime. At the end of the article, the two four-character dialogues of "Heart in Tianshan Mountain, Body in Cangzhou" summed up the same meaning in eight words, which made the ideal and reality, the desire to make meritorious service to the country and the cold shoulder of idleness stand in sharp opposition, thus revealing the root and essence of the author's grief and indignation. "Heart in Tianshan Mountain" echoes with the opening "Wan Li sought for Hou in those days", which shows that the initial intention of serving the country has never changed. "Being old in Cangzhou" is not lamenting that you are old, but resenting that the powerful minister made mistakes in the country, making him feel helpless and accomplished nothing, which has a deep meaning. Structurally speaking, words like this that compare ancient and modern times are generally based on thinking about the past in the upper part and focusing on the present in the next part. But this word breaks this common structure and is more conducive to the ups and downs of emotions: the first two sentences are about the past, and the second sentence is about the present; The next sentence touches the present, and the next sentence is related to thinking about the past. This also reflects the author's innovative intention.
The Southern Song Dynasty, which is poor, weak and increasingly embarrassed, is an era in which heroes are needed, but it is also an era of "excess" of heroes. Lu You took fighting against Jin Xingguo as his duty all his life, but he had no choice but to ask for help, and was repeatedly relegated. In his later years, he retired to Yin Shan, and his ambition was hard to realize. "Strong men are lonely and idle, and famous flowers are scattered in the rain." The autumn of history, the storm of the times, the true nature of heroes and the difficulties of reality have all contributed to this tragic and melancholy "Complaining for Love". When writing this poem, the poet was nearly seventy years old, living in his hometown, not forgetting the worries of his home country, becoming a martyr in his twilight years, with great ambitions. This high political enthusiasm and never-failing patriotism form the lofty beauty of his poetic style. However, ambition can't be realized and no one understands it. Although "people are as dead as iron" and have no choice but to "serve the country and die without a battlefield", this deep sense of oppression has formed a tragic mood in his poems. The lyrics are loyal and angry, full of sadness.
"In those days, Wanli sought to seal Hou, and one horse kept Liangzhou." In the first two sentences, the poet reappeared the heroic spirit of the former top gun and went to the front line of the enemy. "That year" refers to the eight years of Avenue (1 172). At that time, Lu You came to Nanzheng (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province) and defected to Wang Yan, the ambassador of Fu Xuan, Sichuan. At the front, he personally participated in the encounter with the nomads from the army. Qiu Feng Hou uses the allusion of Ban Chao's "meritorious service in the army" in a foreign country to write his ambition to serve the motherland and clean up the old rivers and mountains. The word "Qiu" shows the poet's self-promise, self-confident ambition and firm and persistent pursuit spirit. "Wan Li" and "Pima" are in sharp contrast in spatial image. Pima Li, who joined the army in his prime and swallowed the remnants of Lu (Xie Chichun), presents an extraordinary bearing. "Sad songs strike the floor, relying on high wine" ("Eye-catching"), "Call the eagle to the ancient base and cut the tiger flat" ("Han Gong Chun"), the heroic and exciting military life is still vivid in my mind, and he is always haunted by dreams. The reason for this is that strong desires are suppressed too much, and repressed feelings can only be vented in dreams.
"Where the dream closes the river, the dust darkens the old mink and fur". Lu You was transferred after only half a year in Nanzheng front. From then on, he closed the river defense and could only realize his wishes in his dreams from time to time, but he didn't know where he was when he woke up. Only the old mink put on the uniform, gray and black. A word "dark" turns the passage of time and personnel into a hazy picture of dust, and the mood is full of melancholy.
At the beginning of the first film, the word "that year" wedged into the memories of the heroic military life in the past, and the tone was high, and the dream was shattered, forming a strong emotional gap and turning generosity into sadness. The following films further expressed the contradiction between ideal and reality, fell into a deeper sigh, and sadness turned into depression.
"Hu is not extinguished, and the first autumn, tears flow empty." These three sentences are tight and short, and they will never succeed in life. Looking at the northwest, China sank, and the remnants were not swept; Looking back on life, the years are dark and the temples are pale; Looking back on the past, although the ambition is there, it is difficult to pay for it. The words "Wei", "Xian" and "Kong" show deep feelings in the comparison, and they are getting deeper and deeper: who has not been old since ancient times? However, the anti-Hu has not been extinguished, the achievements have not been achieved, and the years are passing. This makes people feel the bitterness of "getting old first" urgently. "Nothing", a sadness filled my heart, life is the oldest! However, even after a few years, the temple is green again, how can we achieve the cause of "eliminating traitors and rejuvenating the Han Dynasty"? "Zhumen sings and dances, and the stable horse is fat and the bow is broken." "There is Qian Shan outside the cloud, and no one has asked." Therefore, the tears of worrying about the country are just "empty" streams. The word "empty" not only wrote the inner disappointment and pain, but also wrote the dissatisfaction and indignation of the small court in the southeast corner of Pian 'an where the monarch and his subjects were drunk.
"Who knows that in this life, my heart is in Tianshan and I am always in Cangzhou". The last three sentences summarize your life and reflect on reality. "Tianshan Mountain" refers to the front line against the enemy, "Cangzhou" refers to a secluded place, and "Who expected this life" refers to "Who expected this life". The poet did not expect that his life would be constantly in the conflict between "mind" and "body". His mind was fascinated by the battlefield, but his body was lying in a remote village. He saw the "Tiema Glacier", but it was only in his dream. His mind was lifted high and flew to the "Tianshan Mountain", but his body fell heavily in Cangzhou. The word "who expected" describes the naivety of the past and the disappointment of today. "When I was young, I knew that things were difficult" and "Now I know the taste of sadness". Ideal and reality are so incompatible, no wonder the poet sighs loudly. At the end of the sentence "The heart is in Tianshan Mountain, the old Cangzhou", it is first raised and then suppressed, forming a big turning point. The poet is like an eagle bent on fighting the sky, but his feathers break and fall to the ground, groaning in pain. Lu You's poems are really full of autumn life. However, because the poet's sigh of "living in Cangzhou when he is old" contains more historical contents, his dry eyes are full of ardent feelings for the motherland. Therefore, the emotional appeal of ci embodies the characteristics of bitterness without losing openness and depth, which is more powerful and moving than the general works that only express personal anguish.