1. Recite poems repeatedly, perceive the images in poems, and deeply understand the poet's thoughts and feelings.
2. Learn to appreciate famous sentences, inspire, cultivate sentiment and enrich cultural accumulation.
3. Compare with Fan Zhongyan's The Story of Yueyang Tower in terms of ideology and art, and experience the artistic charm of excellent poems.
[Teaching Focus]
Understand the famous sentences and connotations in poetry, accurately grasp the emotions in poetry, and truly recite poetry with feelings.
[Teaching Difficulties] Taste the language and feel the charm of Du Fu's poetic language.
[Curriculum]
2 class hours.
[teaching aid]
Multimedia teaching equipment, TV series "Tang Zhiyun-Under the Immortal Poet for a Thousand Years" VCD.
[Preview Requirements]
1. Write down the new words and copy them twice.
2. Read and recite this poem.
3. Collect relevant information about Du Fu.
[Teaching process]
first kind
First, import an example.
This five-character poem was written one year before the author's death, that is, the third year of Tang Daizong Dali (768). At that time, Du Fu drifted all the way from Jiangling and Gongan to Yuezhou (now Hunan) and boarded the Yueyang Tower, which he had been longing for for for a long time. Looking from the porch and facing the vast Dongting Lake, what do he think and feel? In this class, we will appreciate Climbing Yueyang Tower and feel the poet's lofty mind and great pain.
Second, introduce the author and background.
(A) students exchange and collect relevant information.
(2) Teachers organize summary, play PPT, and students simply supplement the preview homework.
Projected text and pictures:
Du Fu (A.D. 7 12-770), with beautiful words, was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. Originally from Xiangyang (now Hubei), he was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province. Du Fu was born in a family with literary tradition, and his grandfather Du Fu was also a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty (Wu Zetian period), so he began to learn poetry at the age of 7 and became famous at the age of 15. There are more than 400 poems by Du Fu/KLOC-0, which profoundly reflect the social situation of more than 20 years before and after the Anshi Rebellion in Tang Dynasty and vividly record Du Fu's life experience. At the same time, these poems closely combined the social reality with the author's personal life, realized the perfect unity of ideological content and art, and also represented the highest achievement of Tang poetry. Therefore, Du Fu's poems are called "the history of poetry" by later generations. Du Fu is a great realistic poet. His experience and poetry creation can be divided into four periods.
Reading roaming period (before the age of 35)
During this period, Du Fu traveled to Wu, Yue (now Jiangsu and Zhejiang), Qi and Zhao (now northern Shandong and southern Hebei), and took up his post in Luoyang. After meeting Li Bai in Luoyang, they formed a profound friendship, then met Gao Shi and traveled with Liang and Song (now Kaifeng and Shangqiu). Later, Du Li went to Jizhou again, met at the east foot after breaking up, and separated again, so there was no chance to meet again.
Trapped in Chang 'an (35-44 years old)
During this period, Du Fu took the exam in Chang 'an for the first time and came last. Later, he presented gifts to the emperor and presented them to the nobles. He lived a life of "detaining the rich in the morning, following the fat horse dust at night, throwing a cup and baking it cold, hiding his worries everywhere". Finally, he got a small official who led the government to join the army. During this period, he wrote poems such as "Car Shop" and "Two Ways", criticizing current politics and satirizing dignitaries. The book "Singing 500 Words from Beijing to Fengxian" is particularly famous, which indicates that his understanding of the political and social reality of the imperial court has reached a new height after ten years of hard life in Chang 'an.
Being trapped in a thief and becoming an official (45 to 48 years old).
When the Anshi Rebellion broke out and Tongguan fell, Du Fu settled in Zhangzhou and went to Suzong alone. He was captured by the Anshi Rebellion and taken to Chang 'an. In the face of chaos in Chang 'an, he heard the news that the loyalist troops were repeatedly defeated, and wrote poems such as Moonlit Night, Spring Hope, Ai Jiangtou and Sad Chen Tao. Later, he fled to Fengxiang to cheat and made a collection. Because of this suggestion, Shangshu was demoted to join the army, and later served as the prime minister in charge of housing management. He recorded his experiences in the form of poems and became his immortal works, namely "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells".
Wandering in the southwest (48 to 58 years old).
With the collapse of Xiangzhou loyalist and the famine of Guanfu, Du Fu abandoned his official and fled with his family, passing through Qin Zhou and Tonggu, and lived a relatively stable life in Chengdu. When he entered the DPRK, the warlord in the middle of Shu rebelled and he went to Zizhou and Langzhou. Then go back to Chengdu. After Yanwu's death, he drifted again, lived in Kuizhou for two years, drifted to the same lake and died on the Xiangjiang River. The works of this period include Heart on the Water Threshold, Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night, Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage, Sick Orange, Climbing the Building, Book Reading, The Yellow River was recaptured by the imperial army, Showing Wu Lang again, Ascending the Mountain, Qiu Xing, Three Jueju and Sui Yanxing.
Throughout his life, Du Fu's thoughts were "worrying about Li Yuan in poor years" and "being the best monarch and being Yao Shun", so his poetry creation always runs through the main line of worrying about the country and the people, which shows Du Fu's greatness. His poems are rich in social content, rich in the color of the times and distinctive in political inclination, which truly and profoundly reflect the political current affairs and broad social life prospect of a historical era before and after the An Shi Rebellion, and are called the "history of poetry" of a generation. The style of Du Fu's poems is basically "gloomy and frustrated", and the language and text structure are full of changes, emphasizing the refinement of words and sentences. At the same time, his poems have many styles. Besides the five ancient poems, the seven ancient poems, the five laws and the seven laws, he also wrote many lines. There are also various artistic techniques, which are the epitome of the ideological art of Tang poetry. Du Fu also inherited the spirit of Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties, got rid of the old themes of Yuefu, and created many new themes of Yuefu, such as "three officials" and "three parting", which had a positive impact on the "new Yuefu movement" of Baiyuan. For details about his life, please refer to the Du Gongbu Collection in Old Tang Book (1900).
Third, reading aloud and overall perception.
(A) to ease the language
The blackboard says: qian k ū n ū n ū n {\ \ lang1033,}
Explanation:
Tilt: separation
Gan Kun: refers to heaven and earth
Military horse: refers to war
Xuan: Windows.
Tears and runny nose
(2) Ask students to listen, and ask them to close their eyes and listen attentively. You can play the reading materials or read along with the teacher's music.
(3) Ask students to pronounce correctly and try to read their own feelings.
(four) named students to read aloud, teachers and students comment (to guide students from the rhythm, pronunciation, stress, feelings and other aspects of evaluation).
(5) The rhythm of reading aloud and stress management:
Yesterday's news/Dongting water
Jinshang/Yueyang Tower.
Wu Chu/Southeast Tile
Gankun/Gone day and night.
Family and friends/not a word.
An old illness/boat.
Ma Rong/Guanshanbei
By the porch/by the tears.
(6) Students are free to read aloud, asking them to read their feelings and perceive their own image.
Fourth, learn to appreciate.