First, refine fonts.
1. Q: What is the most vivid word in this couplet? Why?
2. Problem variant: One sentence has always been praised. What do you think of it?
3, answer analysis: the ancients paid attention to refining words in poetry, this kind of question type is the beauty of asking to taste these refined words. When answering questions, we should not talk about this word in isolation, but put it in a sentence and analyze it with the artistic conception and emotion of the whole poem.
4. Answer: ① Affirm "good" or affirm which is better; ② Explain the meaning of words in sentences; (3) Expand association and imagination, reduce the words describing the situation in the sentence, and analyze its outstanding image; (4) Point out the artistic conception of the words. What feelings are expressed (sometimes from a structural perspective).
Answer routine: A word in the poem means (), which vividly writes the scene of () and vividly expresses the author's feelings.
Second, analyze the types of artistic conception
1, Question: What kind of artistic conception does this poem create?
2. Question variant: ① What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
② Appreciate a poem or word from the perspective of "emotion" and "scenery".
3. Answer analysis: This is one of the most common questions. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including three aspects: scenery, emotion and environment, which are indispensable when answering questions.
4. Answer: ① Describe the picture shown in the poem. Expand association and imagination, and reproduce the picture in your own language. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, and the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination; ② Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, it is summarized by two disyllabic adjectives, such as: magnificent, quiet and beautiful, lonely and desolate, desolate and miserable. , pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery; ③ Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, be specific. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sentimental feelings", but also to answer "sentimental" why.
Solution: This poem depicts a picture of () and creates an atmosphere of (), thus expressing the author's feelings (mood, mood).
Thirdly, analyze the meaning types of sentences.
1. Question: What's good about this poem?
2. Question variant: What is the significance and function of this poem? What are the characteristics of expression?
3. Answer analysis: A poem may be about scenery, lyric or people. The methods of writing people include action description, language description, psychological description, appearance description and detail description. To understand a poem, it is necessary to combine the upper and lower sentences and the whole poem.
4. Answer mode: ① clarify the meaning of language, and sometimes explore its deep meaning; (2) Analyze the expressive function of poetry in writing scenery, words or people. ③ Briefly describe the artistic effect.
Fourthly, the analysis of language features.
1. Q: What are the linguistic features of this poem?
2. Question variant: ① Please analyze the language style of this poem. ② Talk about the language art of this poem.
3. Solution analysis: This question type does not require trying to figure out the clever use of individual words, but tastes the language style of the whole poem. This type of question requires students to know people and discuss things, because different writers have different language styles, such as Li Bai's vigorous and elegant, Du Fu's depressed and frustrated. But sometimes we can read language styles from poems without knowing the author, some are simple and lively, some are full of charm and so on.
4. Answer method: ① Accurately point out the language features in one or two sentences (concise and vivid, concise and gloomy, incisive and nuanced, refined and refined, vivid in one word, steady in confrontation, close in language and far in sentiment, harmonious in Zhuang ……); (2) Analyze this feature in detail with relevant sentences in the poem; ③ Explain how the words in the poem express the poet's feelings.
Solution: The linguistic feature of this poem is (), such as (), which expresses the author's feelings well.
Fifth, analyze the theme.
1. Question: What is the theme of this poem?
2. Question variant: Please use a poem to analyze the author's mood at that time.
3. Solution analysis: The main purpose of analysis often needs to pay attention to the following aspects: (1) cultural common sense, life common sense, historical allusions, myths and legends, natural phenomena involved; (2) the general idea or connotation of a poem; (3) The poet's ideological inclination, political opinions, ambition pursuit and life experience; (4) the background of the times and social reality.
4. Answer mode: ① Analyze which specific poems have been written; 2 What emotions are expressed and what emotions are hidden.
Solution: This is a poem by (). Every sentence of the poem is written in (), and the author's feelings (mood, mood) are expressed in ().
Six, analysis skill type questions
1, Question: What kind of expression is used in this poem?
2. Question variant: ① Please analyze the expressive technique (or artistic technique or technique) of this poem.
(2) How do poets express their feelings? What's the effect?
3. Solution analysis: Expression technique is a method used by poets to express their feelings. To answer questions accurately, we must first be familiar with some common expression skills; Secondly, it is necessary to make a comprehensive and multi-angle analysis of this poem.
4. Answer mode: ① Accurately point out which expression techniques are used (lyric techniques: direct expression of mind and indirect lyric. Rhetoric: positive and negative contrast, clever use of metaphor, clever use of contrast, exaggeration and appropriateness. Expression skills:
Contrast, contrast, truth, size, etc. ); (2) Combined with the analysis of poetry, why do you think this technique should be used? (3) How does this technique express the poet's feelings or will?
Solution: This poem uses the expression technique (artistic technique, rhetorical technique) of (), such as (), thus highlighting (emphasizing, expressing more effectively ...) the author's mood (mood, mood).
Seven, analysis and conception (structural thinking) type
1. Question method: How was this poem conceived?
2. Question variation: Please analyze the beauty of this poem.
3. Solution analysis: Poetry has a way of thinking, and there is a close relationship between a poem and a sentence. Then, to analyze the structure of poetry, we must grasp the relationship between poems. Some poems write scenery first and then express feelings, others write scenery first and then express feelings, and there are also theories of bedding, transition, contrast and transition.
4. Answer method: ① Summarize the content of the poem. (2) Reveal the relationship between poems. (3) Point out what thoughts and feelings this idea conveys.
Eight, appreciate the way of asking questions
General questions: compare the contents, themes and methods of two poems or words; There are also comparisons with the verses in the learned texts.
Variant question: Please tell the similarities or differences between the two poems in some way.
Answer steps: [Want to learn online-the favorite learning forum for middle school students; Website www.yaoxuexi.cn Mobile Address wap.yaoxuexi.cn]
1, find out the relevant comparison points (questions)
2. Analyze the specific sentences in the original poem and answer them one by one.
Nine, judge the type of point of view
Question method:
General question: Some people think so, others think so. What do you think?
Variant question: Some people think so, do you agree? Please tell me the reason.
Answer steps: 1, express your own point of view (clear) 2, prove this point of view with the original poem (concrete)
Answer routine: I think (), the reason is () (find the reason from the original poem, the article states)
In short; The general pattern of poetry answering questions is:
1. Artistic conception category: painting the picture (loyal to the original poem, beautiful language)+summarizing the atmosphere+analyzing thoughts and feelings.
2. Techniques (rhetorical methods and expressive methods): revealing techniques+combining poetry analysis (how to use it)+thoughts and feelings+effects.
3. Language features: revealing language features+combining with specific analysis of poetry+thoughts and feelings+effects.
4. Word refining: the meaning of words in sentences+skills (flexible use, inverted sentences, techniques)+scene description in sentences+artistic conception and feelings (effects).
5. Keyword category: thematic function+structural function
6. Emotional category: express (lodge/reveal) XX feelings through XX content.
7. Summarize the theme category: poetry positioning+content of each sentence+expressing XX feelings through XX technique+evaluation.
8. Appreciation category: what is written+how to write it (skill+language style+sentence characteristics)+expression effect (emotion)
9. Image category: find the poem+analyze the basic meaning+why to write (theme)+effect.
10. Poetic image and meaning: surface meaning+deep meaning (that is, explaining poetry)
1 1. Character image: identity+personality.
12, simple action class: content action+structure action.
X. Expression skills:
1, rhetoric:
Metaphor, analogy, exaggeration, duality, foil, metonymy, contrast, pun, repetition, intertextuality, allusions, rhetorical questions.
2. Expression skills:
(1) emoticon:
(1) Description, lyricism, narration, discussion and explanation. (The emphasis is on description and lyricism)
(2) Description (meticulous brushwork, line drawing, meticulous brushwork), dynamic and static, positive and horizontal, point and surface, joy and sadness, light and shade, reality, sound and color, suppression and promotion.
⑵ Artistic techniques (brushwork): symbolism, association, imagination, line drawing, setting off, analogy, restraint of relationship, lyricism by holding things (lyricism by holding things, lyricism by feeling things), dynamic and static contrast, seeing the big from the small, rendering and setting off, combination of reality and reality, expression of relationship between scenes (lyricism by borrowing scenes, blending scenes, lyricism due to scenes) and direct expression.
3. Chapter structure:
Cut to the chase, write a song, express one's ambition, use scenery to tie feelings, get a proper total score, go deep into layers, take care of transition, pave the way, repeat words, take care of inverted sentences, mark the first sentence, make the finishing point, be natural, use words, sublimate content, expand artistic conception, intertextuality and parallelism.
Eleven, language style:
Fresh and elegant, simple and natural, bright and simple, flowery in rhetoric, euphemistic and subtle, concise and refined, depressed and frustrated, vigorous and magnificent; Use spoken English more, and understand while speaking; Natural and simple, straightforward and unrestrained; Quiet and deep, majestic and strange, generous and tragic, beautiful and sad, subtle and meaningful, concise and colorful; Concise, ingenious and incisive; The language is concise and vivid; Every word is tears, lamenting and touching; Nature is magnificent and full of character; Simple, elegant and subtle; Clear but not pale, beautiful but not charming; Harmonious tone, natural and bright; Fresh and lively, natural and simple; Elegant, concise and vivid style.
Tao Yuanming: simple and natural Du Fu: depressed and frustrated
Bai Juyi: easy to understand Li Bai: heroic and elegant
Wang Changling: vigorous and tall Du Mu: clear, healthy and handsome.
Li Shangyin: vague and obscure; Wang Wei: The Integration of Poetry and Painting
Text: Beautiful, fragrant, elegant and comfortable: tragic and desolate.
Li Qingzhao: Graceful and Sad Journey to the Land: Tragic and Patriotic
Xin Qiji: Magnificent Li Yu: Affectionate and delicate.
Fan Zhongyan: Desolate and Tragic Su Shi: Broad-minded and Heroic
Twelve, artistic conception characteristics:
Fresh and bright, magnificent, gloomy and lonely, harmonious and quiet, open and desolate, lofty and spacious, quiet and clear, hazy and quiet, lonely and lonely, desolate and depressed, declining and neglected, open and distant, quiet and distant, quiet and elegant, desolate and desolate, solemn and solemn, tragic and touching, cold and bleak, bleak and bleak.
Thirteen, mood summary: (can be paired)
Loneliness and loneliness, loneliness and sadness, sadness, farewell, loneliness, boredom, sadness, yearning, yearning, disgust, lofty and aloof, wild, free and carefree, melancholy and sentimental, detached from the world, carefree, worried about the country and the people, aggrieved, upset and sad, lonely and sad.
Fourteen, common people:
1. Don't admire the powerful, free and easy image. For example, Li Bai.
2. Worry about the country and the people. Such as Du Fu.
3. The image of a hermit who cares for mountains and rivers and lives in seclusion in the countryside. For example, Tao Yuanming.
4. The image of genius and ambition. Like Chen Ziang.
5. Determined to serve the country, generous and cynical image. Lu You and Xin Qiji
6. The image of a friend seeing him off and missing his hometown. For example, Li Bai's A Gift for Wang Lun and Wang Wei's A Holiday in the Mountain Thinking of My Shandong Brothers.
7. Dedicated to the frontier fortress and opposed the image of conquering. Such as William Wang's Liangzhou Ci and Wang Changling's Chusai.
8. The image of love and hate. Such as Liu Yong's Lin Yuling.
Fifteen, the symbolic meaning of common images:
A collection of common image connotations in classical poetry
Willow-indicates feelings of separation, neither hate nor tenderness.
Huayang-a symbol of dispersion.
Platanus acerifolia-shows loneliness and melancholy, bitterness and sadness.
Konoha-shows a melancholy and lonely state of mind.
Plum blossom-symbolizes noble or indomitable purity and whiteness.
Orchid-a symbol of nobility and beauty.
Chrysanthemum-a symbol of seclusion, nobility, refinement and elegance.
Bamboo-symbolizes integrity, non-vulgarity, upward and integrity.
Peach blossom-describes the face of a beautiful woman.
Peony-shows wealth and beauty.
Pine and cypress-noble, strong, loyal or full of vitality.
Green leaves-express hope and vitality.
Yellow leaves-the symbol of metabolism, or the expression of beauty fading.
Grain millet-express the sadness of millet separation (sigh the ups and downs of the past).
Grass-① represents endless life and hope; (2) performance desolate, remote; (3) symbolic identity, humble identity.
An evil soul-an illusion or disillusionment of desire.
Flowers are in full bloom-a symbol of hope and the beauty of life.
Flowers fall-express frustration, life frustration or cherish spring, sentimental.
Yuanyang-often refers to husband and wife, indicating deep feelings.
Hongyan-indicates letters, two-way communication or homesickness.
Partridge-set off desolation, destruction or melancholy.
Rhododendron-sad, sad, homesick or sad.
Monkeys and apes-show squeal, sadness, loneliness and sadness.
Eagle-shows strength, freedom or ambition.
Rhododendron-sad and desolate.
Swallow-warmth, cherishing spring, missing love, vicissitudes, drifting, faith.
Fish-freedom and leisure.
Crow-an ominous thing or a metaphor for a villain or an ordinary person.
Sha Ou-Express the wandering or sadness of life.
Jade bird-refers to the lover's messenger.
Sun-a sign of hope, vitality or the passage of time.
Drizzle-friendship and love that show vitality, vigor or lingering.
Sunset-a metaphor for old age or loss, lamenting the vicissitudes of life.
Drizzle-subtle enlightenment.
The moon-① symbolizes the perfection and regret of life; ② Showing the reunion and separation of relatives; 3. Entrust homesickness and homesickness; (4) Broad-minded, natural and unrestrained, beautiful and cold.
Rainstorm-a symbol of enthusiasm or cruelty, the power of filth. [Xue Yao. Com- the favorite learning forum for middle school students; Website www.yaoxuexi.cn Mobile Address wap.yaoxuexi.cn]
Dew-metaphor life is short and fleeting.
Snow-a symbol of purity, a pure or bad appearance.
Frost-symbolizes the impermanence of life, easy to get old, and indicates the bumpy road ahead.
Spring breeze-shows hope, broad mind, happiness and pride.
West wind-indicates loneliness, melancholy and homesickness, and sets off decline.
Floating clouds-represent wandering and falling.
Sunny days-show light and joy.
Thick clouds-show sadness and depression.
Cloudy day-indicates depression, sadness and loneliness.
Jade-symbolizes nobility and elegance.
Dimension element-refers to letters.
Wu Gou-sword, see Wu Gou, made great contributions.
Pearl-beautiful, pure and flawless.
Go with the flow, unrestrained, free and broad-minded.
Red-symbolizes youth and enthusiasm and represents a happy event.
White-symbolizes purity and expresses mourning.
Green symbolizes hope, vitality and peace.
Black-stands for darkness, despair or mystery.
Blue-shows elegance or melancholy.
Yellow-symbolizes warmth and peace.
Purple is noble and mysterious.
Mulberry-hometown, showing homesickness.
West building-a sad building to bid farewell to sadness or look at the old country, hometown, lover and friend from afar.
South Garden-refers to the garden of flowers and plants.
Sunset-on behalf of melancholy.
Snow in winter-stands for cold.
Autumn rain-represents sadness.
Running water-stands for sigh and the passage of time.
Fallen leaves-representing depression and sadness.
Lilac-refers to sadness or love complex.
Desert-represents desolation.
Wilderness-represents sadness.
Good wine-heroic deeds.
Red beans-Acacia.
Bamboo grove-leisure and seclusion.
Lonely lamp-loneliness, loneliness, homesickness.
Autumn insects-bleak.
Hometown-homesickness.
Candle-Acacia, don't worry.
Dead vines-bleak and desolate.
Guqin-bosom friend.
Ancient road-desolate.
Birds-far away.
Pavilion.-Goodbye.
Loulan, the name of an ancient country in the western regions, stands for meritorious service to the country.
Guanshan-refers to a distant place, which is often used to express homesickness and missing people.
Yangguan, an ancient place name, refers to a farewell song.
Lotus-"pity" is a homophonic pun to express love.
Orchid (column) is a symbol of missing, loneliness and parting.
Lonely geese-homesick, homesick and lonely.
Chill-sadness, parting sadness.
Plum-maturity is a metaphor for a girl's longing for love.
Sixteen, commonly used allusions meaning:
Throw a pen: abandon literature and join the army
Chicken and millet: especially food for guests.
The Great Wall: Soldiers guarding the border
Red bean: a symbol of love or acacia.
Loulan: the enemy of the border
Sese: It was originally the name of a green gem, and later it was borrowed from Green.
Bend over: Bend over to serve people
Du Kang: Wine.
Bi Hua: Honest people are wronged.
Xiaomi's separation: I feel sorry and sad for the country's past prosperity and present decline.
Hongyan, Yan Shu, Yan Zu, Yu Yan: Letters, audio information.
Sang Yu: refers to the place where the sunset shines, and later refers to old age.
Inch element: letters
Businessman: singer, later used as a metaphor to live a drunken life regardless of the survival of the country.
Qingluan, Jade Bird: Messenger
Set off a difficult situation or melancholy mood.
Double carp, carp and carp elements: letters
Rhododendron: Rendering an atmosphere of sadness or homesickness.
56: Hermit
Honghu Lake: People are ambitious.
Hedgehog and chrysanthemum picking: pastoral life or carefree feelings after resignation and retirement.
Insect carving: trivial skills, especially writing skills
Mitsui: the place where hermits live.
Coquettish: Excellent literary works or literary talents
Laoge, Weicheng and Yangguan: Songs to be sung when going away.
Changting, Nanpu and Lu 'an: Farewell Places
Sunset: parting mood or old age
Shepherd boy: indifference, pastoral life
Smoke waves: wandering after parting
Wu Gou: Weapons may have courage and pride.
Bright Moon: Homesickness
Qingyun: Very high position.
Lonely goose, falling sail, broken rainbow: a lonely wanderer
Senior officials and outstanding officials
Lilac: a sad heart or complex
Childhood friends: boys and girls played together innocently when they were young.
Cicada: Sad Autumn
Blue sky: honest official
Falling flowers: hurting spring
Fallen leaves: autumn
Dusk: Fear of impending death or infinite historical significance?
West Building of Wangjiang Building: The farewell place is still long and melancholy.
Plum: It contains amorous feelings.
Plum ripens: a girl falls in love with spring. Plum rain: long and melancholy.
Flying crown, lonely crown, homing crown: lonely wanderer