Returning to the Garden is the work of Tao Yuanming, a writer in Jin and Song Dynasties. From the intense boredom of official life to the beautiful rural scenery and comfortable life in the countryside, it reveals a sense of liberation and expresses the love for nature and freedom. The following is the lesson plan of Returning to the Garden (Part I) I collected. Welcome to learn!
"Return to the Garden (I)" lesson plan1;
Chinese textbook Unit 5
Class arrangement:
One class hour
Teaching methods:
Teaching methods and reading methods
Teaching objectives:
1, knowledge and ability objectives:
Knowledge goal:
(1) Be familiar with the author and his influence.
⑵ Understand the basic methods and essentials of appreciating classical poetry.
Ability goal: train the ability to appreciate the artistic conception of classical poetry by trying to figure out the language, imagining the picture and appreciating the emotion.
2, process and method objectives
Process goal: Draw a poetic picture of poetry through students' aesthetic comprehension of poetry, so as to promote the dialogue and communication among students, teachers and texts.
Objective: To guide students to experience the emotion of poetry and improve their aesthetic consciousness.
3. Emotional attitudes and values goals
Through the appreciation and analysis of poetry, students' appreciation level can be improved, so as to deepen their cultural accumulation and realize the lofty ideals and firm pursuit of life in poetry.
Teaching emphasis: understand the author's ideal spirit of resisting darkness, resigning from his post and returning to the field, and not colluding with the common customs, and at the same time gradually master the methods of poetry appreciation to form his own ability.
Teaching difficulties: through the analysis of images and descriptive techniques in poetry, grasp the artistic conception of blending scenes.
Teaching time: one class hour.
Teaching process: lead-in-analyzing the text-grasping the theme-analyzing the scenery-appreciating the artistic conception-summarizing the rules-expanding the practice.
Teaching process:
First of all, teachers greet students and attend classes.
Guide: Teacher: I studied Peach Blossom Garden in junior high school. Who can tell me what kind of place Peach Blossom Garden is?
(in all kinds of words)
Health: The scenery is pleasant.
Health: Everyone works, everyone is equal, and there is no exploitation or oppression.
Health: self-sufficiency, food and clothing.
Health: isolation, happiness.
Health: Hospitality and simplicity.
Students, I still remember learning a composition in your junior high school, in which the poet invented a "Xanadu" with beautiful scenery, fertile land, rich resources, simple folk customs, no oppression, no war, social equality and peace. What is that poem and who is the author, remember? (Peach Blossom Garden, Tao Yuanming), the poet entrusted his political ideal and also reflected the wishes of the broad masses of people. So today, let's learn about his masterpiece of pastoral poetry-Returning to the Garden. So this poem is the same as Peach Blossom Spring? Is it to reflect something, or is it the simple desire of a pure writer to return to the field and become a farmer?
Three. About the author:
Tao Yuanming was a great poet at the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and a potential poet with distinct personality. His grandfather and father used to be officials such as satrap and county magistrate. When I was young, my family declined and my family was poor. When he was young, he had great ambition to make achievements, but he was not taken seriously. He has only served as a few small officials. The Eastern Jin Dynasty is an era of high political pressure, social chaos, political corruption, and people's lives in dire straits. Tao Yuanming was disappointed with reality. Therefore, he doesn't want to go with the flow in the chaotic and dark reality. He retired from his official career several times. Finally, he retired from Peng's post. This year, he was 465,438+0 years old and died in the countryside. After his death, the world called him "Mr. Jingjie", and he was also named "Mr. Wuliu" because there were Wuliu in front of his house.
Tao poems 125, mostly five-character poems. From the content, it can be divided into three categories: drinking poems, chanting poems and pastoral poems. The number of pastoral poems is the largest and the achievements are the highest.
Tao Yuanming initiated the integration of landscape pastoral poetry and opened up a new realm for classical poetry. Since then, the pastoral poetry has developed continuously, and the pastoral poetry school was formed in the Tang Dynasty.
Fourth, overall perception.
1. As the saying goes, "Read a book a hundred times to see its meaning". Please read it together, explain the new words, refer to the notes and understand the main idea of the poem. (The words "back", "warm" and "warm" are very similar, and the word "bark" is easily misspelled)
Yun Yun refers to people's temperament and temperament cultivation.
Be restrained by discipline
Zhuo Zhuo
(1) Stupidity: clumsy hands, diligence can make up for it.
My humble opinion: weigh your own articles and opinions: my humble opinion.
There is no sunshine in Yin Yin, and it is cold and humid.
Alas, the sun is dark and fuzzy.
A tall thing bumps the upright top.
Fan Fan Fence refers to the situation of being bound and not free.
Students, let's look at the title of this poem first. As the saying goes, flirting. So, what can the title "Return to the Garden" tell us? Which word is the inscription? Is it "home" or "home"?
(Clear: Since the word "Gui" is a title, the title only tells us to return to garden life, what hidden information and problems are hidden under this explicit information? )
When the new words are clear, the main idea of the poem is clear. Since the word "Gui" is the core of the article, the author clearly tells us to return to rural life, so where does the author return? Why are you going back? Go back to where? Now please read freely and think about the author:
(1) where to return;
(2) Why did you return?
(3) Where to go;
(4) How about going home?
4. Read the text and look for relevant information:
(1) So where does the author return? That is, where to return?
Removal: dust screen, fan cover
Follow-up: What are the metaphors of dust net and fan cage? Qing dynasty: officialdom life ("catching birds" and "pond fish" are Tao Yuanming's self-comparison)
Follow-up: Why is this metaphor? What kind of emotion did the poet show? Clear: I hate officialdom life, and I regret that I have strayed into officialdom life. The use of the word "dust net" shows his extreme aversion to intrigue and intrigue in officialdom. The word "mistake" expresses the poet's deep regret. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the power struggle was fierce. Tao Yuanming doesn't want me to be a victim of the contradictions and struggles of the upper ruling class, nor does he want me to be a tool of political careerists. However, his career life tightly bound him in the trap of political struggle of aspirants, so he was very painful. "One to Thirty Years" (actually, it should be "Thirteen Years") shows the length of time and the depth of pain with exaggerated figures.
Why did you come back?
Clear: a, nature loves autumn mountain (nature)
Follow-up: Since "Nature loves hills", why do you want to be an official?
Bring home the bacon and help the poor greatly. In feudal society, if people want to make contributions and realize their political ideals, they can only be officials and take official careers. So did Tao Yuanming, who embarked on the road of official career, realize his political ideal? (No) What sentence can you say?
However, at that time, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was politically corrupt, socially unstable, and the ruling class was keen on fighting for power and profit. In such a political situation, it is impossible to realize the political ideal of progress, and Tao Yuanming is unwilling to go along with it, so he has to choose to leave and retire. )
Follow-up: As far as I know, Tao Yuanming resigned many times in his life. Can the word "wrong" make sense?
Clear:
① ambivalent mentality: influenced by family and Confucianism, they have the ambition of "helping the poor"; If the official career is not successful, it is difficult to display one's ambition.
(2) complete repentance.
(3) Maybe it is an excuse.
Follow-up: So "nature loves hills" may be a very important reason for Tao Yuanming's "return", but isn't it the most crucial reason? Please continue to look for information in the text. (Hint: Which sentence is the key sentence? )
Clear:
B, dull, go back to the garden.
Q: What is the purpose of returning to Tian Yuan? Why be "stupid"? How to understand? What is the implication? (You can't be "stupid" if you don't "go home")
Clear: Oppose cleverness and tactfulness, oppose versatility and intrigue in officialdom life, and be afraid that you will lose your sincerity under the influence of the harsh environment in officialdom. Officialdom is a place of trouble, and it is difficult to climb without the ability to be an official (even now there is a similar phenomenon). In this way, an upright and noble person will feel depressed and have no freedom, so the poet compares himself to "keeping a bird" and "a fish in a pond" (combined with the story of why Tao resigned: "Don't bend over for a bucket of rice")
Conclusion: So "returning to the garden" is to maintain a person's spiritual freedom and independence.
(3) Where to go?
Safety: Return to Tian Yuan.
Q: What are the characteristics of the pastoral scenery written by the poet? Please grasp several groups of image analysis in the poem.
Qing dynasty: square houses, grass houses, elm willows, peaches and plums, villages, cooking smoke, barking dogs and crowing chickens.
Summary: Why do ordinary rural life scenes look so beautiful in Tao Yuanming's works?
Qing: quiet and elegant, spacious and simple, quiet and harmonious, confused and hazy, this is a beautiful pastoral like a fairyland, which makes poets quit their jobs and linger. (Urbanization in rural areas and migration of some urban population to rural areas (alienation of civilization))
There are more than ten acres of square houses, nine thatched houses, the back eaves of Yu Liu Yin, and Luo tang qian, Li Tao. Write a close-up, starting with your own house. You see, there are ten acres of land and nine huts around the house. Although the place is not wide and there are not many houses, it is a small world of its own and a free kingdom. The elm Liu Yin covers the back eaves, and the peach and plum trees stand in front of the house. How elegant and beautiful the environment is! Here, the author's self-satisfaction is highlighted, as Liu Yuxi said in "Humble Room Inscription":' The mountain is not high, the fairy is famous, the water is not deep, and the dragon has spirit; I am a humble room, but I am virtuous and fragrant.
"Warm and distant people's village, the smoke in the Yi market" has written a long-term vision. Looking at the distant village, the outline is blurred, the smoke is curling, and everything is peaceful, soothing and soft. Barking in a Deep Lane is a far-reaching news, with movement and sound as the background, showing the tranquility and peace of the countryside. Write a recent story about' cock crowing on mulberry'. Without chaos, chickens can crow proudly on the top of mulberry trees.
In a word, these eight sentences capture common things in rural areas and draw beautiful pictures, which are near and far, colorful, light and thick, lively, simple and natural. All this is in sharp contrast with the poet's official life. Here, the poet praised the countryside and silently criticized the struggle, struggle, chaos and evil in the officialdom, which shows that the poet pursues a quiet life and a calm and harmonious mentality.
How about going home? Please find out the poetic words that contain the author's feelings from the poems.
Qing:' no dust and miscellaneous', leisure, long time, complex (pay attention to refining words), comfortable, carefree, happy.
Follow-up: What is the author's personality tendency and spiritual pursuit?
Clear: hate officialdom, love rural life, and pursue spiritual freedom and independence.
In the last two sentences, the poet seems to be answering people's questions. Why do you say such an ordinary hut, chickens crow and dogs bark? It turns out that the author has been in the cage for a long time. Once the author rushes out of the net and returns to the embrace of nature, there is fun and spring everywhere. Even the grass and trees are particularly cordial and particularly gratifying. It can be said that these two poems are a summary of the image of officialdom life that has strayed into the dust net before, and also a kind of joy for the new life that has already begun.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) summary (written on the blackboard)
Starting from his own nature, the poet wrote his love for the countryside, then wrote the beauty of the countryside, then expressed his happy and comfortable mood, summarized and praised his life in the countryside, and denied the officialdom at the same time.
Because of this special plot of literati, Tao Yuanming must have had a strong ideological struggle when he left the officialdom, and it was not easy to make such a choice. Although he found peace and happiness in the countryside, there must be a trace of bitterness in his heart.
(1) Transfer
Complete after-class exercises and corresponding exercise books.
(B) Blackboard design
The blackboard says: "Back to the Garden"
Tao Yuanming
Officialdom: Dark Country: Leisure and Beauty
Dust Net is tired of Cao Wu who loves Fang Zhai.
Fan Long abandoned Liu Yu, Tao Li.
Village cooking smoke
Dogs crow and chickens crow.
The Teaching Objectives of Teaching Plan 2 of "Returning to the Garden (I)" Open Class
Learn poetry sketch to write to promote reading.
Teaching focus
The essay "Return to the Garden (Part I)".
Teaching difficulties
Give full play to your imagination and creativity, and skillfully use the elements in poetry to conceive articles.
Class schedule
1 class hour.
Teaching content and steps
1, import a new lesson:
Most students often embed poems in their articles to make them rich in literary talent. Do you know that there is another way to use poetry, and that is poetry sketch? Poetry is the soul, the poem, the experience, the poem and the beautiful scenery. We can exert our imagination and creativity and skillfully use the elements in poetry to write an article.
2. Concept introduction:
Sketch: Literature refers to simple description, concise sentences and no exaggeration. Sketch is rewriting, but this rewriting is more flexible and free. On the basis of reciting, words are used to convey our understanding and experience of poetry, which can be adapted to transform characters and events according to the content of poetry.
The understanding and experience of poetry is expressed in words.
3. Projection:
Drink wine/alcohol
Tao Yuanming
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots.
Ask what you can do, your heart is far from self-prejudice.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
This makes sense. I forgot to say it if I wanted to defend myself.
Chrysanthemum life
Clusters of fragrant chrysanthemums are quietly placed in the yard, beautiful butterflies are dancing among the flowers, and the clear spring of the mountain stream has been flowing through the door. In the morning, the fog gradually dispersed. In the dim sunshine, an old man walked into the yard with a hoe and a bamboo basket. The weather is getting better every day, birds are singing poems to him, and he leisurely walks into the yard, which is Tao Yuanming.
4. Sketch exercise of "Returning to the Garden":
Exercise 1: Garden extension exercise: Tao Yuanming yearns for garden life. Please describe the rural scenery through your own imagination according to the information provided in Back to Garden House. (Note: Non-translation)
Practice time: 10 minute.
Students show clips and teachers comment.
Teacher demonstration:
Through the morning fog and dusk, Tao Yuanming and his family wore sandals to hoe the ground; In the season when the willows and peach trees around the house stretch out their most charming gestures, he and his friends drink and write poems under the trees and chat until dawn. At that time, smoke curled up in the distant village, young birds just sang, a proud rooster shouted dawn at the top of the tree, and the frolic sound of farmer rhubarb dog in the distance woke the sleeping children. All this is so natural in his eyes, although poor but quiet, although humble but true to nature.
The breeze is blowing with moist moisture, and the grass house in the distance shows a hazy interest, and a bunch of chrysanthemums not far away gently swing their petals. In the nearby river, occasionally a few naughty fish jumped out of the water and jumped back into the water.
Note: the description should be imagined and processed on the premise of conforming to the artistic conception of poetry.
Exercise 2:
Dust net extension exercise:
(1) Describe the dust net that Tao Yuanming doesn't like from a self-selected angle.
He fell into a dusty net and returned to the countryside.
Practice time: 10 minute
Students show clips and teachers comment.
Teacher demonstration:
Officialdom: His profound knowledge and outstanding talent are all zero in the prejudice of the gate. His stubborn personality and frank talk are different among people who can talk. His strong self-esteem and not associating with powerful people became a stumbling block to his ambition. Everything is woven into a dusty net by time, which hangs over him day by day and binds him tightly.
Mood: Come back, what a sweet word. Only a wanderer who has been away from his mother for too long will shed tears for this word. Only a fish far away from home can appreciate the beauty of this word, and only a bird in a golden cage can know the meaning of this word. Now, he is like a baby who can't leave his mother for a moment, a fish who can't leave water for a moment, and a bird who fasted in a cage just to return his soul to the branches. (catching birds and fish in the pond)
Exercise 3:
Please design an article based on the following information (including exercises 1 and 2).
Poetry and other materials
⑴ Poetry: Going back to the garden to drink; Biography of Mr. Wu Liu's Peach Blossom Garden.
⑵ Personality: advocating nature, yearning for freedom of gardening, arrogant personality, love chrysanthemum and wine.
(3) Important event: Quit your job and return to the park, not for the sake of five buckets of rice.
Thinking time: 3 minutes
Student narration, teacher comments
Teacher demonstration:
The concept of "ghost"
Time: The night before I completely broke away from officialdom and returned to the park.
Venue: pengze county Ya
Character: Tao Yuanming, 4 1 year old.
Scene: dust net, garden field
Event: After receiving a letter from the village welcoming children, Tao Yuanming drank in the county government and thought about it, and finally decided to return home.
Course summary
1, use your imagination/creativity.
2, not afraid of modification.
Homework (choose to do the problem)
1, complete the composition.
2. Choose a poem and draw a sketch.
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