In the fifth year of Xining (1072), he entered Henan as an official. In the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085), the old party came to power and was dismissed. He served as the secretary of the provincial school bookkeeper and the right bookkeeper, and was promoted to the position of Zhulang. He served as the official of Zhongshu Sheren and assistant minister of the household department until he settled in Yingchuan in the third year of Chongning (1 104) and passed the name of "Yingbin Legacy", which was held on112 years 10/3 (. After his death, he studied for a bachelor's degree in Duanmingtang.
Chronology of main activities of characters:
In the sixth year of Jiayou (1057), he joined Su Shi as a scholar. Soon after, he returned to mourning because of the loss of his mother. For six years, Jiayou gave a series of lectures with Su Shi. At that time, he was not appointed as an official because of "begging for support" and has been an official in Daming House since then.
In the third year of Xining (1070), he wrote a letter to Zongshen, urging the new law to remain unchanged, and wrote a letter to Wang Anshi, criticizing the new law fiercely.
In the fifth year of Xining (1072), he entered Henan as an official. Will Zhang Fang Ping knew Chen Zhou and became a professor.
In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), his brother Su Shi was arrested and imprisoned for writing a poem "slandering the imperial court". He wrote that he wanted to use his official position to atone for his brother, but he could not be implicated. He was demoted and sentenced to Yunzhou salt and wine tax.
In the fourth year of Emperor Zhezong Yuanyou (1089), Su Zhe, the minister in charge of the official department, was sent to Qidan. He is also the heir to the empire.
In the sixth year of Yuan You, he worshipped Shang Shu You Cheng, became an assistant minister at the beginning, and took charge of state affairs.
In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), the philosopher was in charge and the new faction regained power.
Shao Shengyuan (1094), who wrote a letter against current politics, was demoted as an official, knew Ruzhou, demoted to Yunzhou, was responsible for granting special permission to Huazhou and resettling Leizhou, and later demoted to Zhou Xun and other places.
After worshiping Ning for three years (1 104), Su Zhe settled in Yingchuan, lived in seclusion in the countryside, built a room called "Yi Lao Zhai", and named it "Welcome guests and care for the elderly". He took reading and writing as his occupation and sat in meditation. After his death, he studied for a bachelor's degree in Ming Taizu Temple and decided to bury him.
Su Zhe's knowledge of life was deeply influenced by his father and brother, mainly Confucianism, and he admired Mencius the most, enjoying the world. He is good at political theory and historical theory. In political theory, he talks about world events. For example, the new theory (1) says that "in today's world, great events are uneasy, chaotic but not dangerous, while Yoshioka is crude and does not lift them, and there is no mutation but chronic illness". Analyzing the political situation at that time can hit the nail on the head. Huang Jing said, "In this world, don't be in a hurry to have no money", and it also hit the nail on the head. Historical theory, like Father and Brother, is aimed at the disadvantages of the times and serves the present. "The Six Kingdoms" comments that Qi, Chu, Yan and Zhao can't support Korea and Wei in the past and unite against Qin, which implies that there were enemies before the Northern Song Dynasty, and then there were decadent realities. Comparing Liu Bei and Liu Bang, The History of the Three Kingdoms commented that Liu Bei was "short in wisdom but not brave" and "I don't know because he failed to win", which also implied a lesson from the past.
Ancient prose writing also has its own ideas in ancient prose writing. In the book "Senior Official Han Taiwei", he said: "Writers are in the shape of Qi. However, writing can't be learned, and qi can be raised. " It is believed that "nourishing qi" lies in inner cultivation, but more importantly, it depends on broad life experience. Therefore, Sima Qian was praised as "traveling around the world, visiting famous mountains and rivers, and making friends with Yanzhao, so his prose was sparse and quite strange." His writing style is Wang Yang's and full of elegance. For example, the story of Huangzhou Kuaizai Pavilion is a collection of scenery, narration, lyricism and discussion in one furnace, which is permeated with injustice in the vast ocean and clearly reflects the style of the author's prose. Su Zhe's fu is also well written. For example, "Zhu Mo Fu" praised the painter Wen Tong's "Mo Zhu", and wrote the modality of bamboo carefully and realistically, full of poetry. Su Zhe tried to catch up with Su Shi in poetry, and there are many existing poems, but compared with Su Shi, his thoughts and talents are inferior. Most of his early poems were trivial matters of life, singing about things and writing scenery, especially with Su Shi. The style is unpretentious and the literary talent is not good. After retiring to Yingchuan in his later years, he learned more about farmers' life and wrote poems such as Autumn Harvest, which deeply reflected real life. Writing personal life feelings, artistic achievements are also more than in the early days, such as "Nan Zhai Zhu": "Living in a dusty room, my wife is at leisure. Going to the south window to repair bamboo, I suddenly saw the old Xishan. " The artistic conception is leisurely and the taste is long. Su Zhe has his own ideas about poetry. His Five Diseases in Poetry criticized Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Han Yu and Meng Jiao on the basis of ideological content. For example, Li Bai's "flashy" and "people in the Tang Dynasty didn't understand poetry" were representative in the Song Dynasty.
After returning to the river for five years (1082), the river still overflowed after returning to the north. In September of the first year of Yuan You (1086), the court ordered the secretary to supervise Zhang Wen's visit to Hebei Water Affairs. 1 1 month, Zhang Wen demanded that "please open a straight river in Nanle Daming and sign a river to divert water into Suncun mouth to solve the problem of Beijing going down", and the discussion of returning to Hedong resumed. Ministers Wen Yanbo, Lu Dafang, Wang, Wang Tuan, Du, Wang Xiaoxian, Wu, Li Wei, etc. Everyone was urged to return to Hedong. On the right, Fan Chunren, Su Zhe, Zeng Zhao, Zhao Zhan, Fan Bailu, and Hu advocated maintaining the northward flow and opposing retreating from the river. In June of the third year of Yuan You, the emperor wrote a letter saying, "The Yellow River will never return to its original course, and it will eventually be a disaster for Hebei. What Wang Xiaoxian and others discussed was that they tried to promote the service, but they couldn't win it. They should continue their work and materials, and they will definitely go back to their old ways. The three provinces and the Privy Council will quickly implement it through consultation. " In the face of the trend of accelerating the retreat from the river, Su Zhe strongly opposed it, and said to the effect: "After years of discussion, there are 20,000 soldiers and more than 300,000 piles. Where is the disaster, the people secretly sigh. " "Xiao Wu today, Sun Cun opened it, which is limited. Not only can you not go back to the river for a brief introduction, but you will also divide the water. The nature of the Yellow River is that it flows when it is urgent and silts when it is slow. There is no tendency to be anxious about everything. Why should the two rivers run in parallel? Even if the two rivers are parallel, the embankment will be twice as expensive. " In the process of dredging, he refuted three theories, namely, "the imperial river failed", "the flood in northern Hebei was harmful, and public and private losses" and "the river migration was impermanent. In case it entered the sea from the border of Qidan, the border defense was unprepared", and he strongly advocated stopping the war of returning the river.
In the first month of the fourth year of Yuan You, the court issued a letter to stop returning the river and repair the river; In July, the Nangong in Jizhou was in a critical situation, and the water superintendent still insisted on the eastward flow or "two branches" to eliminate evil. In August, Su Zhe added, "At the turn of summer and autumn, there are frequent summer rains. The river surges out from the shore, from Suncun to the east, covering every year. However, Li Jue and the river envoys were in a state of confusion. In the name of dividing water, they wanted to send the river proposal back, so the water supervisor made peace with them. When the river surges, don't ask for it. Is the minister happy to hear that it suits him? " "I think it's urgent to have a department, and the water potential of Guan Xu will follow the old example of water rising for many years. Because it overflowed to the east, it introduced the old road to solve Beijing's worries. If the old dike is broken, repair it slightly to avoid its overflow. As for talking about the river, entering an appointment, etc. Nothing will succeed until the river is settled. " In February and September of five years in Yuan You, Su Zhe stopped the eastward flow twice, demanding that "it is a crime to bully Wu An and Li Jue's water supervisor", and even warned that "the river will not stop, Li Jue won't go, the river will not go downstream, and the creatures in the river will not be at peace". However, the center of Empress Dowager Cixi's rule always tends to flow eastward. Although it was intermittent, by October of the seventh year of Yuan You, most of the rivers had flowed eastward. Shao Shengyuan (1094), "Close the north flow, and the water of the whole river will return to the old road". This time, the Yellow River resumed its eastward flow, but only five years later, that is, in the second year of Fu Yuan (1099), the Yellow River burst in the Inner Yellow River, the eastward flow was cut off, and the mainstream tended to flow northward, still reaching the waters near the Ganning Army. Wu, Jong Li and Li Jue, who actively advocated returning to the river, were condemned by the court and "exiled", ending the third dispute of returning to the river. (For the quotation, see History of Song Dynasty Hequ Zhi).
The above are the brief information and complete works of Su Zhe's poems collected by Chengnan Experimental Middle School.