Shi Shuo Xin Yu is an anecdote about the characters of Liu and Song Dynasties from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern Dynasties during the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420 ~ 58 1 year). The author is Liu Yiqing (403-444 AD), king of Linchuan in Song Dynasty, and Liu Jun (word Xiao Biao), a native of Liang Dynasty, is the note. Liu Xiang wrote Shi Shuo in Han Dynasty, but it has been lost. Shi Shuo Xin Yu was originally named Shi Shuo, so it is also called Shi Shuo Shu Xin, which is different from Liu Xiang. After the Song Dynasty, it was changed to its present name.
Editor Liu Yiqing (403~444), the imperial clan of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties, attacked and sealed the king of Linchuan and served as the secretariat of Jingzhou and Jiangzhou. Uncle Song? "Biography of Imperial Clans" said that he "likes literary meaning" and "wants to gather the scribes from near and far". He is the author of nine volumes of Xuzhou Sage Biography, Classic Narration, and the mystery novel Youming Road. Liu Yiqing's previous local chronicles (anecdotes) novels, such as Yu Lin by Jin Peiqi and Guo Zi by Guo Chengzhi, have been lost. Although Shi Shuo Xin Yu has been preserved, it is quite different from its original appearance by modern scholars' textual research based on the incomplete volume written in Tang Dynasty and deleted by later generations.
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2. Read classical Chinese answers by boat. Read by boat and answer questions.
Hua Xin and Wang Lang both took refuge by boat, and one of them wanted to attach it, but it was difficult to attach it. Lang said, "Fortunately, it is still wide. Why not? " After the thief chased him, the king wanted to give up his man. Xin said, "That's why I became suspicious. That's why I doubt it. Now that I have accepted it, I would rather abandon evil in a hurry? " So I saved my life as before. The world used this to judge the merits and demerits of China and the king.
1. Explain the bold words in the following sentences and write an idiom with them.
① Both Hua Xin and Wang Lang took refuge by boat: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
② Wang Yushe's entourage: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, idiom _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
2. Distinguish the ancient meaning from the modern meaning of bold words in the following sentences.
That's why I doubt it, and it's for this ear
① So the ancient meaning: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
② Doubting the ancient meaning: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3. In the following sentences, the same usage of bold words is ().
A. It is difficult for Hua Xin and Wang Lang to take refuge by boat.
B. The world will decide the merits of China and the king, so he bid farewell to the governor and went to Shu to take up his post.
C. Learn and leave tirelessly
D. I am eager to abandon evil, which is called "Wen".
4. Translate the following two sentences.
(1) Now that you have accepted it, why don't you get rid of evil and do good?
__________________________________________________________
Good or wide, why not?
__________________________________________________________
5. What do you think of Huaxin and Wang Lang after reading this story? Please talk about your opinion in combination with the text.
__________________________________________________________
1.① together; Example of idiom: Crash and burn money, everything is red and everything is covered (the answer is not unique).
2 throw away, throw away; Give up one's life for righteousness, give up oneself for others, give up the near and seek the far.
2. The reason ...; A related word indicating causality.
2 hesitation; Doubt.
3.D
Now that you have accepted his request, can you abandon him because of something urgent?
(2) (on the boat) is still very loose, why not agree?
Seeing the emergency, Wang Lang wanted to abandon the rescuer, but Huaxin thought that since he had promised others, he could not fail to fulfill his promise because of special circumstances. Hua Xin can keep his word, and Wang Lang is treacherous. (That's right)
3. What genre is classical Chinese? The genre of classical Chinese includes myth, fable, biography, preface, prose, writing, argument, sparseness, calligraphy, fu, saying, expression, inscription, prose, parallel prose and so on.
Antique inscription: The ancient words carved on an object to warn oneself or state achievements are called "inscriptions". The inscription carved on the plaque and placed on the right side of the box to guard against the police is called "motto"
Such as Liu Yuxi's "Humble Room Inscription". An epitaph is carved on a stone tablet to describe the life of the deceased and praise the memory.
Such as Han Yu's epitaph of Liu Zihou. Travel notes: Travel notes are a form of prose that describes travel experiences.
Travel notes have a wide range of materials, which can describe the beauty of famous mountains and rivers, record the peculiar richness of local customs, reflect the daily life of a person and a family, and also record the major events of a country and express the author's thoughts and feelings. The style of writing is relaxed, vivid and informative, which gives people rich social knowledge and a good feeling.
Travel notes are argumentative essays, such as Yueyang Tower and You Bao Chan. There are scientific ones, such as the Three Gorges in Li Daoyuan; There are also those with * * * colors, such as Liu Zongyuan's The Story of Little Stone Pond. Foreword: Stylistic name.
In ancient times, poetry was used to bid farewell, which was called the preface of giving and answering. For example, Han Yu's Preface to Sending Stones to Chu Shi: "Therefore, all Dudong people ... hence the name" Six Rhymes of Songs and Poems ",which is sent to the preface cloud.
After that, all articles that bid farewell to others without poems are also called preface, and the content is often praise, praise or encouragement. We studied Song Lian's Preface to Send Ma Sheng to Yang in the Ming Dynasty.
Say: the floorboard of a kind of ancient articles. And "On" is not much different, so later collectively referred to as essays on reasoning and analysis.
Preface of article analysis: "Speaker, interpreter, explain meaning, and explain with your own meaning." We have studied this genre of articles: teacher's comments, horse's comments, young chinese's comments, snake catching comments and Huang Sheng's comments on borrowing books.
Inscription of proverbs: an ancient article carved on a vessel to warn yourself and others, or to praise merit and encourage yourself. This kind of article contains profound and accurate warnings, which can enlighten and awaken people.
The language is finely crafted. For example, the humble epitaph, Liu Zihou's epitaph, etc.
Parallel prose: Also known as Liu Siwen, it uses four words and six sentences to determine sentences alternately, emphasizing gorgeous words, neat sentence patterns and harmonious phonology, but its content is empty and far from social life, which is of little value. Parallel prose originated in Han and Wei Dynasties, formed in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and prevailed in Sui and Tang Dynasties. The more famous is Wu Yun's Book with Zhu.
Poetry: The earliest literary genre in China, which originated from the labor sound of primitive people, is a kind of literature with rhyme and singing. Most of the ancient poems are four words, such as The Book of Songs, and most of them are five or seven words after the Eastern Han Dynasty and Wei Dynasty.
There were ancient and modern poems in the Tang Dynasty, and new poems in the May 4th Movement. In ancient China, happy poems were called songs and unhappy poems were called poems.
Whether it is harmonious or not, it has a strong musical beauty. Poetry is divided into ancient poetry, modern poetry and new poetry according to the times; Divided into narrative poems and lyric poems according to their forms of expression; According to the content, it can be divided into four categories: pastoral poetry, landscape poetry, science poetry and object-chanting poetry.
1. Classical poetry, also known as "ancient poetry" and "ancient style", refers to the poems before the Tang Dynasty (mainly during the Han and Wei Dynasties) and works that imitate the poems created before the Tang Dynasty. It is developed from folk songs, without seeking opposition, level and rhyme freedom.
Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen in the middle Tang Dynasty used Yuefu to create new poems, which still belong to the category of classical poetry. 2. Compared with classical poetry, modern poetry is also called "modern poetry" and "metrical poetry", which has strict rules on the number, number of words, level and rhyme of sentences.
There are two kinds: metrical poems and quatrains. 3. Rhyme, a style of modern poetry, is divided into five laws and seven laws.
There are certain norms and requirements in phonology, level tone, sentence pattern and antithesis. The whole poem consists of eight sentences, which are divided into the first couplet, the parallel couplet, the neck couplet and the tail couplet.
Quatrains are a style of modern poetry, divided into five quatrains and seven quatrains, which are generally considered as "half of a metrical poem". 5. Chuci, a poetic style, is named after it originated in the southern Chu area during the Warring States Period, and is represented by Qu Yuan's Lisao, also known as "Sao Style".
Features: a large number of fairy tales, full of fantasy and romance; In addition to lyricism, layout methods are widely used; The sentence pattern is relatively plain, and the word "Xi" is widely used. 6. New poetry, also known as "modern poetry", refers to the new style poetry produced by China since the May 4th Movement.
Formally, it broke the limitation of old-style poetry and adopted a relatively free form and colloquial vernacular, which was convenient for reflecting social life and expressing thoughts and feelings. New poetry requires conciseness, rhyme and general neatness.
7. Gexing style, a style of Yuefu folk songs. Song is a general term, boasting about skills and acting skills, which is not strictly different from "singing", "song", "quotation", "sigh" and "tune".
Features: ① There is a fixed tone of words, but most of them have no definite sentences and sentences have no definite words, mainly miscellaneous words, colloquial, popular and visual; (2) Rhyme is relatively free in rhythm, and there is no need to talk about level and level; (3) Expression techniques: In addition to metaphor, parallelism is used to elaborate, narrative twists and turns, and people are good at dialogue and detail description to portray characters and shape images. Ci: also known as the unique style of poetry, long and short sentences, and writing ci is also called filling words by sound.
Ci originated in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty, which is the evolution and development of poetry. Compared with poetry, ci is more lyrical, with less narrative content and less philosophical enlightenment.
Its metrical restrictions are stricter than poetry. For example, words have epigrams; "Xijiang Moon", "Broken Array", "Qinyuanchun" and so on, each word has a fixed number of words, a fixed number of sentences and a fixed rhyme.
A epigraph has a kind of "three determinations" of epigraph, which is not arbitrary at all. Each word has a musical title (Qupai), which specifies the music of the words that can be sung, as well as the number of words, sentences, rhymes, rhymes and so on.
Most of them are in segments (segments), and "segments" are also called "times" or "que", which means that the music is sung at one time. Ci sums up the length of musical tunes, which are divided into minor, middle tune and long tune (slow words).
It's a small order of less than 50 words, not segmented. Fifty-nine to ninety words are alto, which can be called up and down strokes or up and down films in sections.
The word above 9 1 is a long tune, which can be divided into three folds and four folds ... except for the strict requirements on the form of words, the content of each epigraph is generally fixed, so what feelings should be expressed.
4. Read By Boat and answer the following questions (18). Hua Xin and Wang Lang both took refuge by boat, and one of them wanted to be attached, so it was difficult. Lang said, "Fortunately, it is still wide. Why not?" After the thief chased him, the king wanted to give it to him. Xin said, "That's why I became suspicious. Since it has been accepted, why not rush to abandon evil and be good? " ⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰⅰ. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (2) What is the reason why Huaxin thinks that he should not abandon that person? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _12. What did you get from this article? (2 points) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _13. Please use what you have learned to write a famous aphorism about "honesty" (2 points) _ _ _. Accept ④ So (4 points) 10, ① (on the way) there is a person who wants to take a boat, and Hua Xin feels very embarrassed. He hesitated at first, just considering this situation. (4 points) 1 1, ① fortunately, it is fairly wide, but after the thief caught up with ②, he was already very satisfied with his support and would rather abandon evil in a hurry.