First, we must choose poems that can be accepted by children and easily understood by children. In this respect, we can learn from the educational experience of Huang Zunxian's great-grandmother. According to legend, Huang Zunxian, an outstanding patriotic poet in modern times, was raised by his great-grandmother since he was three years old. Huang Zunxian's great-grandmother came from an intellectual family and loved folk literature, especially listening to the popular tanci at that time. As soon as Huang Zunxian learned to speak, she began to enlighten Huang Zunxian with nursery rhymes. "In the moonlight, scholar niang, riding a white horse, lotus pond. Liantangbei, planting leeks, leek flowers, getting married. There is an eight-foot carp in the pond in front of my in-laws. " Such lively and relaxed children's songs, full of imagination and interest in life, left a profound impact on Huang Zunxian's childhood. It has a positive effect on inspiring his intelligence and cultivating his sentiment. Huang Zunxian's father was a famous poet at that time. He not only influenced the teenager Huang Zunxian with his poetic temperament and personality, but also paid special attention to inspiring children's wisdom with poetry. Like thousands of poems, he deliberately selected and collected catchy and easy-to-understand poems for his son to learn and recite. Under the enlightenment education of his great-grandmother and father, Huang Zunxian loved poetry from an early age. At the age of ten, the teacher asked the students to write poems on the topic "All the way to spring, pigeons crow and flowers fall" and "All other mountains look short under the sky". And where does spring come from written by Huang Zunxian? Pigeons also crow heartily "and" The world is still small, how can we talk about the mountains under our noses? " This made the celebrities in my hometown have popular poems at that time.
Second, we must choose poems with healthy content that can promote the healthy growth of children's body and mind for enlightenment. In order to enlighten his son, Zheng Banqiao copied some folk songs with progressive ideas and healthy contents as teaching materials. For example:
"Sell new silk in February and new valley in May; The doctor cured the sore in front of his eyes, but spit out his heart. "
"When weeding is at noon, sweat drips down the soil; Who knows that the Chinese food on the plate is hard. "
"I entered the city yesterday and returned with tears; Luo Weigai is not a silkworm farmer. "
"998 1, the poor man suffered; I have to put my feet to sleep, mosquitoes and fleas are coming out. "
Zheng Banqiao copied these folk songs with people's nature to educate children, with the aim of letting his son know the sufferings of the people from an early age, and cultivating his ambition to serve the country and know how to be a man.
In the Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi often advised his children to work hard by copying poems. His younger brother Wang Anguo liked riding and fencing when he was a child, but he didn't like reading. Wang Anshi advised him to cherish his years many times, but he still idled around all day and didn't want to study. So, Wang Anshi copied a poem "Time" written by predecessors and posted it in his brother's study. The poem wrote:
Rivers have no turning back, and people are no longer young.
If time goes by, old people will hate it.
Time is fleeting, time is not a pastime.
Life is worthless if you do nothing.
After reading this poem, Wang Anguo regretted wasting his life in the past, and was determined to cheer up and make life more meaningful. With the encouragement and help of my brother Wang Anshi, I studied hard at the cold window and finally got into the Jinshi, which was reused by the court.
On another occasion, in order to encourage his grandson to study hard, Wang Anshi copied two Yuefu songs on his grandson's case: "If you don't work hard, the boss will be sad!" Wang Anshi's grandson read these two poems, and since then, he has taken the time to study and made great progress in his knowledge. Later, he became a learned man.
Another form of poetry teaching is that teachers personally create "educational poems" for children, which is more targeted and flexible than choosing previous poems. The great poet Lu You often educates his children in this way. Looking through Lu You's poetry collections, we can see that about 100 of the more than 9,000 poems he left behind were written for children. In order to educate children to study hard and inherit his poetic style, when he saw his seven-year-old son write a poem, he happily wrote a poem to encourage his son:
Nice to meet my family, Yu,
At present, bamboo and horses are playing around the corridor;
I also know that Li Ze has a family style.
At the age of seven, I could sing poems about diseases.
In order to introduce his learning experience to children and teach them the methods of learning, Lu You told them in poems: "Learning this exegesis is very vocal." "If you can change your bones, you can't change them, but your study is poor." In order to educate his sons to study and tell them that studying is not to be an official, but to save the country and the people, he wrote: "10,000 yuan is not enough, and time exceeds Su Yuanyuan." He pays special attention to using poetry to cultivate children's character and make them form good ideology and morality. He told the children that they must apply what they have learned and practice it: "I feel very shallow on paper and don't know how to do it." "The ancients learned nothing, and the young were mature." "A scholar has a career of a thousand years, and he never easily comments on his mistakes.". On one occasion, his son @ ① asked him to teach him to write poetry, and he specially wrote an educational poem @ ① to summarize his experience in learning poetry. The poem says that he began to learn poetry, only paying attention to skills and rhetoric, and took a detour. It was not until after middle age that I gradually got a glimpse of the broadness of artistic conception and had a profound experience. He clearly instructed his son: "If you want to learn poetry, you have to work outside." It means: if you really want to learn to write poetry, you must first work hard outside of poetry and books. This is the wise saying left by the great poet Lu You to future generations.
Lu You also often teaches children to maintain and carry forward the fine family style of the Lujia family: "You Cao must not fall into the family style." In his poems, he explained his family style to later generations many times, hoping to set an example for his grandchildren: "We always encourage each other at night, and our grandchildren are typical."
What is particularly commendable is that Lu You persistently educated his descendants with patriotic thoughts all his life. Until he died, he also wrote a poem "Show the Son": "When you die, you know everything is empty, but you don't see Kyushu's sorrow. Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and the family sacrifice did not forget to tell Nai Weng! " Today, 700 years later, we reread this poem and are still moved by the poet's great patriotic thought. It is conceivable how profound the education of Lu You's children is.