Preparation before class
1. Students visit Wen Yiduo Memorial Hall. I read Wen Yiduo's introduction and his works when I was studying by myself the next morning.
2. Prepare the tape of "stagnant water".
3. Multimedia shows several pictures:
① The head of Wen Yiduo, the overture of Red Candle;
(2) the final speech picture.
Class record
Students, we visited Wen Yiduo Memorial Hall yesterday, and I believe everyone has a deep understanding of Mr. Wen Yiduo. Today, we are going to learn his masterpiece "Dead Water" (the second lesson of the first volume of Chinese in senior high school). Let's listen to the tape first, and then read it by ourselves to see if the students have eyes that are good at finding problems.
(Listen to the tape)
Students read aloud by themselves, some imitate the recording, and some experience it silently. )
Teacher: The teacher is really happy to see some students' serious experiences. I believe that students can ask questions of research value. Now, please write down your questions on the paper, and the group leader will collect, sort out and state the questions.
After thinking, the students quickly handed over the note. )
Teacher: OK! Now let's start the demonstration.
Health 1: Our second group thought some images in stagnant water were disgusting. What is the function of Mr Wen Yiduo in writing these images?
Student 2: Our five groups don't quite understand the last sentence of the text, "Why don't we let ugliness go and see what world it has created?".
Student 3: Six groups of students don't know what stagnant water symbolizes.
How do you know that the artistic technique of this poem is a symbol?
S3: There are some in the text exercise.
Teacher: Please ask the next group leader!
Health 4: Our four groups would like to ask how this poem embodies Mr. Wen Yiduo's thought of "three beauties" in the creation of new metrical poems.
Health 5: The problems in the first group are basically the same as those in the second group.
Health 6: The three groups of questions are consistent with the four groups.
Teacher: Judging from the questions raised by the students, we really made some efforts, which just shows that yesterday's visit played a certain role. Cross-intercession according to the rules of activities!
(Each group is free to discuss, time: 10 minute. )
Du Xu: We selected the topic of "Three Beauty Propositions", and felt that the music of this poem is reflected in the rhyme of each section and the rhyme change of section, which is very harmonious to read; Architectural beauty, this poem uses the syllable pattern of 3+2+2+2 from the second line, with the same number of words in each line; The beauty of painting is the easiest to see, for example, there are words such as jade, peach blossom and cloud in the text, which are gorgeous and incomparable.
(Applause from the audience)
Teacher: Applause told me that Du Xu's discussion in this group was very successful. Do you have anything to add?
Health: No! (Qi A)
Sean: Our group discussed the function of the word "disgusting" in the poem. Most of the students in the group think that those "disgusting" words are deliberately made by Mr. Wen Yiduo, because all three-year-olds know what grows in the green water ditch. Obviously, he is deliberately arousing the readers' antipathy, so as to reflect on his true feelings. Personally, I think he is disgusted with the old society.
Teacher: Why do you personally think?
Sean: Some other students think it's disappointment.
Shen Lu: Our group discussed the symbolic meaning of stagnant water. We think the stagnant water symbolizes the dark China. According to the background information, when he was studying in the United States, he wrote such famous articles as Song of the Sun and Laundry Song, which showed his contempt for the "civilization" of foreign imperialism and his deep yearning for the motherland. Just when he returned to China with great enthusiasm, he found that his motherland was in ruins and his beautiful hometown had changed. At this time, warlords scuffled and foreign powers invaded, and people lived in dire straits.
Teacher: Do the students think the three groups answered well?
Health: Good! (Qi A)
Teacher: Why should we spare applause?
Health: (Applause)
Le Youlong: Our group discussed the expression effect of the last sentence. The last section is a summary of the whole poem from the content, so please allow me to sum up the feelings of the previous sections. In the first section, I always write stagnant water, reflecting disappointment, such as "not as good as" and "cool"; Then in the second, third and fourth sections, the author wrote the phenomenon of "nausea" in detail. The last section is a further summary of the last section "This is definitely not the beauty". At this time, the author's feelings reached a climax, so he simply "let ugliness cultivate and see what world it has created", as Shelley said: "If winter comes, can spring be far behind?" The meaning is similar. This is the result of our group discussion.
The whole class applauded warmly. )
Teacher: Good! I want to comb the emotional context of the text again. The first book summarizes the hopeless and disappointing "death" of stagnant water; The second section describes the dirtiness and filth of stagnant water statically; The third section dynamically describes the decay and deterioration of stagnant water; In the fourth quarter, the anger in the heart is written by dynamic comparison, and the feelings slowly accumulate and reach a climax. "It is better to let ugliness cultivate and see what world it has created", because there is no hope for poets to see through China. Only by rotting an old world can we create a new world and find "beauty". Students should be able to understand that the poet interweaves his love for the motherland with his hatred for the reactionary rulers, which truly reflects the poet's noble patriotic feelings. His voice is like a cry in the dark, "Dark world, please leave early and give me a beautiful China". Mr. Wen Yiduo's patriotism is not only reflected in this poem, such as "The Back" and "Song of Seven Sons". 1August, 949, Mao Zedong said in the article Farewell to Si Tuleideng: "We China people have backbone. Many people who used to be liberals or democratic individualists stood up before the US imperialists and their lackeys, the Kuomintang reactionaries. Wen Yiduo was angry and angry with the Kuomintang pistol, but he would rather not give in ... showing the heroism of our nation. "
(Multimedia display of the head of Wen Yiduo, the prelude to Red Candle)
("The Last Speech" photo multimedia demonstration)
Dead water courseware
Course type
Author Wen Yiduo
Lesson preparation time, class time
Academic goal
1. Understand the background of the times and appreciate the patriotic enthusiasm of the author.
2. Understand the images and symbolic meanings of the two poems.
3. Understand Wen Yiduo's irony and melody beauty.
Grasp the key images in teaching
Arrange a teaching time during class hours.
Teaching step
First, the introduction of new courses.
Play "Song of Seven Sons in Macau"; lyrics writer
Wen Yiduo (1899— 1946), formerly known as Wen Jiahua, is a famous poet, scholar and democracy fighter in Xishui, Hubei. When I was a child, I liked classical poetry and art. 19 13 was admitted to Tsinghua University, 1922 went to the United States to study painting and literature after graduation. 1923 published the first book of poetry, Red Candle. The representative poems include Sun Yin, A Word, Laundry Song and so on. From 65438 to 0925, he returned to China and worked as a professor in Beijing Institute of Art, Wuhan University, Qingdao University and Tsinghua University. 1928 published the second collection of poems, Dead Water. 1July 5, 946, 15 was killed by a Kuomintang spy and wrote an immortal poem of patriotism with his own blood. Wen Yiduo's poems show his hatred for imperialism and reactionary warlords, express his deep concern for the fate of the motherland and the people, and are full of strong patriotism. In art, Wen Yiduo's poems have unique imagination, orderly structure, neat form and harmonious syllables, and have high artistic achievements.
He put forward the "three beauties" in the metrical aspect of new poetry, namely, the beauty of music, painting and architecture.
Second, the appreciation and reading of new poetry ◎
New poetry is a kind of vernacular poetry founded and developed around the May 4th New Literature Movement, and it is the mainstream of modern poetry. Mr. Gong Mu said: "Poetry after the May 4th Movement is regarded as an independent stage and a special part of China's poetry, which is called new poetry, not only because it belongs to modernity in time, but also because it reflects the modernization process of China's poetry and is poetry in the modern sense, which is why new poetry is new." This is Mr. Miyagi's debugging summary of the characteristics of new poetry. In the west, Whitman, an American poet, is the founder of free verse. After the birth of China's new poetry, he constantly accepted the external influence and integrated it into his own national style, and many artistic schools emerged. Represented by Guo Moruo, Wen Yiduo and Ai Qing.
"Poetry expresses ambition", there must be "I" in poetry, and the lyric hero is often the poet himself. On the other hand, reading poetry is certainly not a purely rational activity. But readers' emotional factors permeate it, so we should not only deeply understand the thoughts and feelings in the poem, but also try our best to communicate our feelings with those contained in the poem. The thoughts and feelings of new poetry are integrated into the artistic image and artistic conception of poetry. In other words, the poet's emotional image is the image of a poem. Poets' subjective feelings are combined with objective life scenes to form a realm or atmosphere where scenes blend and reality coexist. This is the artistic conception. Artistic conception is the sublimation of images, the connotation far exceeds the sum of individual images, and the realm is holistic, giving people great aesthetic feeling. Therefore, to appreciate the beauty of poetry is to feel the beauty of imagery and realm of poetry.
There are two levels of reading appreciation of poetry:
The first is the understanding of the literal meaning of poetry, and then the generalization of the superficial meaning of poetry;
The second is to evaluate the expression of poetry, and then appreciate and evaluate the beauty of imagery and artistic conception of poetry, and appreciate the emotion of poetry beauty.
3. Trilogy of Appreciation of New Poetry
(1) Beautiful reading rhythm
Although new poetry has no fixed format (no definite chapter, chapter and sentence, sentence and sentence), it has internal melody and harmonious rhythm.
(2) Understand the beauty of artistic conception
Artistic conception refers to the artistic realm of describing something in a work, which is the result of the harmony and unity of the writer's thoughts, feelings and life pictures.
Turn emotion into an image symbol that can be used in ancient books, and the objective counterpart of emotion is image.
(3) Appreciate the beauty of the theme
Third, read the text aloud.
Fourth, text appreciation.
Dirty water and stagnant water (Part 2)
(Static description of color and luster)
Stagnant stagnant water, rotten stagnant water (section 3) hopeless stagnant water
Summary (section 1) (dynamic description) (section 5)
Silent stagnant water (section 4)
(moving to resist static)
Dead Water is one of Wen Yiduo's important representative works. After returning to China in 1925, the poet was furious with him when he witnessed the tragic situation of domestic warlords fighting and people living in poverty. Through the multi-angle and multi-level composition of the symbolic image of "stagnant water", this poem exposes and satirizes the corrupt old society and expresses the poet's despair, indignation and deep patriotic feelings towards the ugly reality. The poem A Desperate Dead Water is a symbol of semi-feudal and semi-colonial old China. Grasping the "death" of stagnant water, the poet first wrote the dead silence, then the color, and then the foam, which highlighted the stench and corruption of stagnant water and showed the feelings of "despair" incisively and vividly. Wen Yiduo is an advocate and pioneer of new poetry meter, and Dead Water is his "most satisfactory test" of new poetry meter. He stressed the need for "three beauties": music beauty, painting beauty and architecture beauty. The whole poem consists of 5 sections and 20 lines, each with 9 words, and the second and fourth lines of each section rhyme, with strong sense of rhythm and full of musical beauty. Many colorful words and images are used in the poem. Colorful words contrast the ugliness of the content and make the face of "stagnant water" even more disgusting. The whole poem consists of 5 sections, 4 lines in each section and 9 words in each line, which has both a sense of neatness in appearance and an inner sense of rhythm. "Dead Water" has made a serious and fruitful exploration for establishing the rhythm and form of new poetry.
Research and discussion on verb (abbreviation of verb)
1. Try to figure out the feelings expressed by "not as good as" and "maybe" in stagnant water.
Inquiry learning: The word "inferior" used in the first and second paragraphs of the poem expresses an anger. Since it is such a "desperate backwater", let it be ugly to the extreme. "Maybe" dominates the second and third sections and inherits the speculation of "not as good as" in the first section. Imagine adding "scrap iron" and "leftovers" to the desperate stagnant water, which may lead to more rotten and dirty changes, from which we can see the poet's complete disgust and ridicule of "stagnant water"
2. What's the point of writing "a ditch of desperate stagnant water"? What kind of social reality can this be related to?
Inquiry learning: ignoring the existence of "stagnant water" is tantamount to being insensitive and confused. Unveiling the "stagnant water" and stirring up the filthy, stinking and disgusting "stagnant water" can awaken people blinded by the superficial phenomenon of "stagnant water" and make them see the fact that stagnant water is extremely corrupt and ugly, so as to rise up, eliminate it and rebuild "beauty" This is what it means to write "stagnant water".
From this, readers can also think of the ugly social reality of lacking vitality, whitewashing peace and breeding corruption such as "stagnant water"
Sixth, symbolism.
Dead water, gorgeous surface, extremely decadent essence; What looks like a ditch of "stagnant water" is actually a portrayal of a dark and decadent society. The unique conception and vivid three-dimensional language of "Dead Water" are shocking, and it is the characteristic of this poem to expose the appearance and essence of that particular society so profoundly. The poet has a clear-cut stand and a decisive attitude. A stone stirs up a thousand waves, and the beat of "stagnant water" is getting higher and higher, beating the sentient beings who have not lost their love. The grief and indignation accumulated in the poet's heart turned into burning passion, whipping the ugly and whitewashed social reality, and the strong desire to build a new world was fully reflected between the lines of his poems.
Seven, irony
That is, satirizing things from the opposite side or using irony. After accelerating the decay of stagnant water, some strange scenes appeared in the poem. Copper rust became jadeite, except for a few petals of peach blossoms, rust weaved chess, mildew produced steamed clouds, stagnant water brewed green wine, and foam became pearls. Just like a clown wearing beautiful flowers, Third Fairy's face is covered with powder, and she has to make a gesture. She is so angry that people are not like people and ghosts. It is better to be a real "ghost" after death and have a chance to be reborn. At the same time, it also implies the author's exposure to the reactionary rulers' tactics of whitewashing peace.
Eight, homework
1. Does that sentence in Lu Xun's "In Memory of Liu Hezhen Jun" give the author a similar feeling?
2. Compare the ideological and artistic similarities and differences between Dead Water and A Word.