Cao Zhi (192-232 65438+February 27th), a native of Dongwuyang (now Shenxian County), was the third son of Cao Cao and the Queen of Wuxuanbian. He was Wang Chen. After his death, he lost his mind.
Cao Zhi was a famous writer of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period. As one of the representatives and epitomizers of Jian 'an literature, he was promoted to the position of a model article in the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. His representative works include Luo Shen Fu, White Horse, Seven Wounded Poems, etc. Because of his literary attainments, later generations are called "Three Caos" with Cao Cao and Cao Pi.
His poems are good at vigorous brushwork and thrush, and have been lost in 30 volumes. Today, The Collection of Cao Zijian was compiled by Song people. Cao Zhi's prose also has the characteristics of "appealing to both refined and popular tastes and elegant style", and its genre is rich and diverse, which makes him make outstanding achievements in this respect. Xie Lingyun, a writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, commented that "there is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian monopolizes eight fights". Zhong Rong, the author of "Poetry", also praised Cao Zhi for his "extraordinary personality, colorful words, elegant feelings and resentment, literary talent, overflowing in the present and standing out from the crowd." As the highest-ranking poet in the book "Poetry" and the founder of China's lyrical character, he has the historical position of "a generation of poets" in the history of poetry. Wang Shizhen evaluated the poets who have lived for two thousand years since the Han and Wei Dynasties as "immortals", including Cao Zhi, Li Bai and Su Shi.
Du Fu (A.D. 7 12- A.D. 770) was born in Xiangyang, Henan, and Gongxian. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who claimed to be a young man at night, was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.
Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
Du Fu wrote such famous works as Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. In 759, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about his life and managed state affairs. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.
Lu You (1125—1210) was born in Yinshan, Yuezhou, Han nationality, a writer, historian and patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Lu Yousheng was deeply influenced by family patriotism when he was a teenager. When I was in Song Gaozong, I took the does exam, but my career was not smooth because I was rejected by Qin Gui. Song Xiaozong was born a scholar after he acceded to the throne. He used to be the master book of Ningde County, Fuzhou, the official of deleting government decrees, and the judge of Longxing House. Because he insisted on resisting gold, he was repeatedly rejected by the Lord and factions. In the seventh year (1 17 1), he joined the army and worked in Nanzheng shogunate at the invitation of Sichuan ambassador Wang Yan. The following year, the shogunate was dissolved, Lu You entered Shu and met Fan Chengda. After Song Guangzong succeeded to the throne, he was promoted to Doctor of Rites and Reviser of History Museum. Soon after, he was dismissed from office and returned to his hometown for "mocking romantics". In the second year of Jiatai (1202), Song Ningzong sent an imperial edict to Lu You to Beijing, and presided over the compilation of Xiao Zong and Guang Zong's Records of the Two Dynasties and History of the Three Dynasties. His official position was to be determined. After the book was written, Lu You lived in seclusion in Yin Shan for a long time, and died in Jiading for two years (12 10), leaving the last book, Shizi.
Lu You never stopped writing all his life and made great achievements in poetry and prose. His poetic language is simple and fluent, and his composition is rigorous and orderly. He has both Li Bai's boldness and boldness and Du Fu's melancholy and sadness, especially his patriotic enthusiasm, which has a far-reaching influence on later generations. Lu You is also a brilliant historian. His Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, with bright colors and high historical value, is "concise".
Wang Mian (1287 ~ 1359), a native of Qiaofeng, Zhuji, Zhejiang, was a famous painter, poet and seal engraver in Yuan Dynasty. Born in poverty, he herded cattle for others in his childhood and taught himself to be a poet and painter. He is famous for painting plums, especially mume plums. Wang Mian's poems sympathize with people's sufferings, condemn powerful people, despise fame and wealth, and describe rural seclusion. He is aloof and despises powerful people. Zhu Zhai Ji consists of three volumes and two sequels. The surviving paintings are The Three Gentlemen's Map and The Meme Map. Can manage printing, make printing with flower milk stone, and seal cutting is wonderful. The primary school text "Young Wang Mian" wrote that he always left the good ones to his mother, which shows that he is also a dutiful son. Later, in order to avoid the court's favor, Wang Mian lived in seclusion in Huiji Mountain and died of illness.
Yu Qian (1398 May13-1457 February 16), whose real name was Ting Yi, Han nationality, whose name was Jie 'an, a famous minister and national hero in Ming Dynasty, was originally from Kaocheng, Qiantang County, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province (now Shanghai City, Zhejiang Province) (now Henan Province)
In the 19th year of Yongle (142 1), Yu Qian was a scholar of Xin Chou, and Xuande conferred the imperial history. He once suppressed the rebellion of Hanwang Zhu with Xuanzong. After the rebellion, Yu Qian was promoted to the governor of Jiangxi by Xuanzong for criticizing Zhu, and received rave reviews. Xuande five years (1430), with the right assistant minister of the Ministry of War as the governor of Henan and Shanxi.
In the eleventh year of orthodoxy (1446), he went to Beijing to see Wang Zhen, because he didn't flatter him and gave him gifts, which caused Wang Zhen's dissatisfaction. He secretly ordered his confidant, Li Xi, to put him in prison and put him to death for being dissatisfied with Ming Yingzong. Later, officials from two provinces and even Wang Li demanded to be reinstated. In the 14th year of Orthodox Christianity (1449), Ming Yingzong was captured by Wala, and Wala urged him to stick to it and join the Ministry of War. On behalf of Li Zong, he reorganized the army, deployed the key points, personally supervised the war, and with an army of 220,000 troops, he arrayed himself outside the Beijing-Kowloon Gate and defeated several runners-up in Vara. It's better to do more than one thing, governor's military affairs. First, English sects were forced to make peace. He put the country first and the monarch first and was not allowed. First (Ersen) was forced to let Yingzong go. There was no gap. Since the return of Yingzong, it is still difficult to rely on peace talks. The elite of the Beijing army was selected to practice in ten regiments, and the troops were sent to guard the border. At that time, there were a lot of things in one's hand and in one's hand, but asking for advice was going it alone. When it was appropriate, he ordered a clear trial, and Wan Li went out on a piece of paper. He was worried about his country and people and forgot his health, but he didn't say what he did. He lives frugally, but he is practical and honest, which is quite taboo.
In the first year of Tianshun (1457), the British emperor was restored, and others falsely accused him of being the son of Xiang Wang and were killed. At the beginning of Chenghua, he was reinstated and sacrificed. Hongzhi died in the second year (1489). Wanli was changed to loyalty. There is Yu's Su Zhong Ji. Yu Qian, Yue Fei and Zhang Huangyan are also known as the "Three Masters of the West Lake".
Gong Zizhen (1792 August 22nd-1841September 26th) was born in Se, and his name was Ding 'an (ān). Han nationality, Renhe (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). In his later years, he lived in Yushan Pavilion in Kunshan, also known as Yushan people. Thinker, poet, writer and reformist pioneer in Qing Dynasty.
Gong Zizhen used to be cabinet secretary, director of Zongrenyuan and director of etiquette department. He advocated abolishing graft and resisting foreign aggression, and once fully supported Lin Zexu to ban opium. He resigned at the age of 48 and returned to the south. The following year, he died in Yunyang College, Danyang, Jiangsu. His poems advocated "changing the law" and "changing the painting", exposed the corruption of the Qing rulers, and were full of patriotic enthusiasm. They were praised by Liu Yazi as "the first class in three hundred years". He is the author of Ding 'an Anthology, with more than 300 articles and nearly 800 poems. Today's collection is the complete works of Gong Zizhen. There are 350 famous articles and Ji Hai's miscellaneous poems. Many works of praise and allegory.