This poem was written in 1 949165438+1October1to commemorate the third anniversary of Lu Xun's death/kloc-0, so the subtitle is "Thoughts in Memory of Lu Xun". However, this poem is not only a memory of Lu Xun, but a comparison with Lu Xun's Some People criticizes the rulers and oppressors riding on the people's heads, enthusiastically praises Mr. Lu Xun's valuable spirit of selfless dedication to the people, and appeals to people to be truly valuable people.
The author once said: "It is difficult to write a comprehensive compliment to such a giant. I just generally show his greatness from two points: he fought and sacrificed for the people without considering himself, and the people warmly commemorated him after his death. " "In order to strengthen and highlight the significance of the theme and enrich the content of this short poem, the expression method of contrast is used throughout, and the topic is called' some people' instead of commemorating Lu Xun."
The whole poem can be divided into three parts, the first section is the first part; The second, third and fourth sections are the second part; The fifth, sixth and seventh sections are the third part. In the first part, the author comes straight to the point, represented by two opposing classes, and firmly grasps the two points that impressed him most when he participated in Lu Xun's memorial activities, that is, Lu Xun devoted himself to the people and people missed him after his death. Starting with his feelings about Lu Xun's death, he put forward different views on life and death. The second part, starting from their different attitudes towards the people, warmly praises Lu Xun's great spirit of doing his best for the people. The third part expresses the deep affection that the author and the people will always miss Lu Xun from the different attitudes of the people towards the two kinds of people. The first part is the general outline of the whole poem, and the second and third parts respectively explain and dig deeply into the two points that are deeply touched in the first part, forming an emotional main line that praises Lu Xun's great spirit of dedication to the people.
2. Text analysis.
Understanding of (1) sentence.
(1) some people are alive,/he died; Some people died. /He is still alive.
The former sentence refers to people who ride on people's heads and bully others, but they are alive, although they are still alive, but their lives are worthless; The latter sentence refers to people who serve the people all their lives and are willing to be their cattle and horses. Although such people no longer exist, their thoughts and spirit will remain in the world forever. This is a short passage from the whole poem. Grasp, read through the full text, get twice the result with half the effort.
② Some people/riding on others' heads: "Oh, how great I am!" Some people/bend over to make cattle and horses for the people.
The word "riding" profoundly reveals the arrogant image and cruel nature of reactionary rulers; "Oh, how great I am!" It depicts the ugly state of the reactionary rulers who are strong outside but weak inside, boasting and boasting, and strongly satirizes the reactionaries; For Mr. Lu Xun, "bending down to be an ox and horse for the people" and "bending down" fully expressed Lu Xun's spirit and portrayed Lu Xun's lofty and touching image!
(3) Be willing to be a weed and wait for the underground fire.
Metaphor Lu Xun is willing to dedicate all his contributions to the revolutionary cause. Lu Xun has a collection of prose poems called Weeds. In the inscription of Weeds, he said: "I love my weeds, but I hate the ground decorated with weeds." The fire ran underground and rushed; Once the lava is ejected, it will burn all the weeds and trees, so it will not rot. "
(4) The name engraved on the stone decays earlier than the corpse; As long as the spring breeze is blowing/green weeds are everywhere.
People who carve their names on stones want to live forever. In fact, such people live in the world, their souls have long died, and their names have long been notorious. The word "carved" is really penetrating. The reactionary ruler insisted on making his name "immortal", but in fact, his name "rotted" earlier than the corpse. The word "rotten" here not only shows the evil of reactionaries, but also shows the desire and strength of the people. Green grass gives people the feeling and association of infinite vitality and hope, and shows the deep feelings of the broad masses of people's incomparable worship and love for Mr. Lu Xun. These emotional words, such as "Spring Breeze", "Everywhere" and "Qingqing", are the author's warm praise for the exuberant vitality and immortal spirit of revolutionary soldiers who have struggled for the people all their lives.
(2) Understanding of words.
"Some people": The first two sentences of each poem refer to reactionary rulers. Although they are "alive", they are "walking dead" in the eyes of ordinary people. They oppressed the people and came to a shameful end. The last two sentences of each poem refer to people like Lu Xun and Lu Xun. Although they are still alive, they will always live in the hearts of the people and win their respect and praise.
② Liveness: The first word "liveliness" is full of the author's disdain and contempt, and the second word "liveliness" is the author's full affirmation and praise of Lu Xun's great life.
③ Death: The first word "death" is full of the author's hatred and curse, and the second word "death" expresses the author's regret and nostalgia.
(4) Riding a horse: It vividly shows the attitude of the reactionaries in bullying the people, bullying the soft and fearing the hard.
⑤ Collapse: The people want to overthrow the reactionaries, overthrow the reactionaries, and unify hatred and power in one word "collapse". Thus, the "collapse" vividly shows the shameful and inevitable ending of the reactionaries.
Second, the teaching objectives
1. Be able to recite poems with emotion, cultivate a clear feeling of love and hate, and understand that those who are for the people will live forever, and those who are enemies with the people will inevitably perish.
2. Understand the contrast technology used in this paper and realize the benefits of this technology.
Third, teaching suggestions
1. The study of this lesson is based on students' understanding of Mr. Lu Xun. In teaching this lesson, teachers should pay attention to the combination of the texts they have learned and related reading links, such as My Uncle Mr. Lu Xun, Once Met, Things I Never Forget, etc., so as to deepen the understanding and experience of poetry. You can also choose appropriate curriculum resources, including audio-visual materials, to supplement, so that students can learn this poem on the basis of full of emotion.
2. Some words in the poem have profound meanings, such as "life, death, immortality and fall". Teachers can guide students to read related poems repeatedly and try to find out their meanings in the context. Teachers should spend more time guiding students to read aloud and imagine, capture the meaning and make students learn lively.
3. Contrast is the main writing method of this poem, so we should pay attention to the training of comparative reading in teaching. Every section of the poem is written by contrast, and every section is reversed first and then corrected, so that the positive and negative images are more vivid and the theme is more prominent. Therefore, teachers can consider adopting various forms of comparative reading in reading guidance to enhance students' understanding of the text content: first, the comparison of the two sentences before and after each festival; The second is the comparative reading of the second and fifth sections, the third and sixth sections, and the fourth and seventh sections; The third is a more detailed comparative reading of the first sentence of the second section and the first sentence of the fifth section (and so on). Through this kind of comparative reading, students can not only understand the connotation of poetry, but also learn comparative expression imperceptibly.
4. On the basis of understanding the poetry of the whole poem, let the students tell in their own words which two different people are written in this poem, and what are their differences, from which they feel that they should be truly valuable people like Mr. Lu Xun. This poem has profound implications, but in teaching, we should pay attention not to overestimate the theme of this poem, but to proceed from the reality of students, so that they can truly understand the true meaning of being a man while deepening their understanding of Lu Xun.
Fourth, teaching cases.
Learn, understand and sublimate emotions.
Student: Teacher, what we are going to read is the first verse of a poem.
(Students read aloud. )
Teacher: What do you want to tell others by reading aloud?
Health: The two "some people" before and after refer to different objects. The first "some people" refers to reactionaries, and the second "some people" refers to people like Lu Xun.
Health: For reactionaries, people think they are still alive. For the people, people think that although he is dead, he is still alive.
Teacher: Do you think the word "live" has the same meaning?
Health: Not the same. The former's "living" means that people are alive, while the latter's "living" means spiritual eternity.
Student: Teacher, I found that the meaning of "death" is different. The former tells us that reactionaries are actually dead in the eyes of the people, while the latter tells us that people like Lu Xun and Lu Xun will always live in the hearts of the people.
Health: The second "death" tells us that those who serve the people will always live in the hearts of the people.
Teacher: Students can read the first paragraph of my uncle Mr. Lu Xun again. Combined with your understanding of Lu Xun, what do you think poetry tells you?
Health: I think people can't forget Lu Xun, because Lu Xun has been helping others and the poor.
Health: I think people can't forget Lu Xun. So many people come to mourn him because Mr. Lu Xun has always been willing to be a cow and a horse for the people.
Health: I think Mr. Lu Xun will live in the hearts of the people forever.
Teacher: Let's read aloud with deep affection, to read out the charm of poetry, the connotation of poetry and our nostalgia for Lu Xun.
Student: Teacher, I also found that the second and fifth sections are related in content.
Teacher: Your observation is really careful, and you found the internal relationship between the second and fifth bars. Let's read together.
Teacher: What do you think you should read?
Health: I think I should read The Clang Power of the People.
Health: I think we should highlight people's love and hate, and read out the depth of love and the cut of hate.
Teacher: That's right. People hate people who ride on their heads, but they respect and love those who work for them. Let's experience people's feelings by comparing reading aloud.
Students read the text and read the second and fifth sections in contrast. )
Teacher: Let's think it over. How are the sentences in the second and fifth sections related?
Health: The first sentence of section 5 answers the first sentence of section 2, and the second sentence of section 5 answers the second sentence of section 2.
Teacher: Then let's tell all the people and tell them the people's attitude towards their enemies and friends.
Read it again and read two poems sentence by sentence. )
Teacher: Students, people's feelings are real and sincere. Let's cherish the memory of those who serve the people with our true feelings. (Teachers and students read two to seven verses)
Verb (abbreviation for verb) related links
Cang Kejia (1905—2004) was influenced by his grandfather and father since childhood, which laid a good foundation for classical poetry. 1925 published novels, poems and literary works in the national journal yusi for the first time with few signatures. His poems, such as Refugees and Old Horses, describe the miserable life of farmers in old China with concise verses. The long poem Black Hands of Evil exposes the evil and hypocrisy of imperialism. These poems are the representative works of his early poems and have become the classics in the history of modern poetry in China. During this period, Cang Kejia's poems were short, but they were quite general. In addition to consciously learning the structural methods of classical poetry and forming a dignified, condensed and refined style, he also deliberately pursued novelty, originality and visualization of words without losing their simplicity, clarity and colloquialism.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Cang Kejia wrote many political lyric poems, among which novels, poems and literary works such as Some People and Chairman Mao Laughing at the Yellow River were selected into Chinese textbooks many times. Some people are unique in their philosophical theme: people live for the better of most people. In fact, this theme has gone beyond the scope of praising Lu Xun's spirit and introduced readers into deeper thinking about life. Simple language, strong contrast and vivid image are the artistic characteristics of this poem.
Cang Kejia's novels, poems and literary works have won many awards and have been translated into many languages, which has a wide influence at home and abroad. June 5-438 10, 2002 was awarded the honorary doctor of humanities by the World Congress of Poets and the World Academy of Art and Culture. In 65438+February of the same year, he was awarded the gold medal of "China Contemporary Poetry Soul" by the 7th International Poets' Pen Club.
Writing background 1949, Cang Kejia came to Beijing. 65438+1October 19 is the third anniversary of the death of Lu Xun/kloc-0. For the first time, the victorious people openly and solemnly commemorated the great writer, thinker and revolutionary Mr. Lu Xun all over the country. Cang Kejia personally attended the memorial activities in the capital, visited the former residence of Lu Xun, and saw the "jujube tree" and "tiger tail" mentioned in Lu Xun's article. Look at people and things with mixed feelings, and my heart is full of thoughts and reverence for Lu Xun. I wrote a short poem "Some People".