1. Born-Cao Cao was born into an official's family, and his adoptive father was eunuch Cao Teng, who served four emperors and had a certain reputation. When Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty was emperor, he was given a fee. Cao Song, Cao Cao's father, is Cao Teng's adopted son, and Emperor Han Ling is Qiu's courtier. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, the distant ancestor of Cao Cao (actually the distant ancestor who raised his grandfather) was Cao Can, the prime minister in the early Han Dynasty.
Cao Jiahe Xiahou family is closely related. "Xia Houhe Cao Shi is married." There is no exact statement about Cao Song's family background. The History of the Three Kingdoms records that "it is impossible to judge his birth and death". Pei Songzhi, a historian of the Southern Song Dynasty, recorded in the Biography of the Three Kingdoms of Cao Zang that Cao Song's real name was Xiahou, and later Cao Teng adopted his son, so he changed his surname to Cao, but he was actually Xiahou's, and Xia and Cao Cao were cousins. There is also a saying that Cao Song is the son of Cao Tengtang's brothers, and Cao Teng may have adopted his stepson and nephew as adopted sons. Neither of these statements is supported by definite evidence.
2. Cao Cao offered a knife-in order to get rid of Dong Zhuo, who brought disaster to the country and people, Wang Yun and Cao Cao decided to stab Dong Zhuo to death. Cao Cao stabbed Dong Zhuo to death with a seven-star knife, but it was found that Cao Cao had a whim and hid it in the name of offering a knife. Later, he hurried out of Dong Xiangfu, thus saving his life.
3. Cut off the beard and abandon the robe-Cao Cao led the army to meet Ma Chao in Tongguan. After Cao Jun's defeat, when Ma Chao pursued Cao Cao, Cao Cao cut off his beard and abandoned his robe in order not to be recognized.
4. Cut your hair instead of your robe-Cao Cao was riding, and suddenly a bird frightened his horse. His horse jumped into the field and trampled a wheat field. He asked the judge to convict him, but the judge refused. Cao Cao tried to kill himself with a knife, but everyone dissuaded him. So he cut his hair with a sword and said, "Well, I'll cut my hair instead."
5. In the third year of Chu Ping (192), Qingzhou million yellow turban insurrectionary troops invaded Yanzhou. Liu Dai, the secretariat of Yanzhou, did not listen to Bao Xin's dissuasion. He fought with the Yellow Scarf Army and was killed. Bao Xin and others secretly sent people to the East County to meet Cao Cao and chose him as Yanzhou Pastoral. Later, he fought with the Yellow Scarf Army to the east of Shouzhang. After a bitter battle, Bao Xin died and finally defeated the enemy. Cao Cao pursued all the way to northern Hebei, and finally forced the Yellow Scarf Army to surrender. He recruited more than 300,000 soldiers, more than one million men and women, and selected elite soldiers from them, known as "Qingzhou soldiers" in history. By this time, Cao Cao, as a force, gradually became a climate.
Later, Yuan Shao joined forces with Liu Biao of Jingzhou, and Yuan Shu fought against Gongsun Zan of Youzhou and Tao Qian of Xuzhou. At this time, Cao Cao was an ally of Yuan Shao's faction, and Liu Bei and Sun Jian also surrendered to Gongsun Zan and Yuan Shu respectively, which were the guests they sent. Just as Cao Cao assisted Yuan Shao in destroying Yuan Shu in various places, Tao Qian took the opportunity to attack Taishan County east of Yanzhou, which led to the killing of Cao Cao's father Cao Song.
In response to this incident, Cao Cao made a second crusade against Tao Qian from 193 to 194, and launched a shoot-to-kill massacre in Xuzhou. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty recorded that "hundreds of thousands of men and women were killed, even chickens and dogs were spared, and Surabaya was blocked." In this incident, Cao Cao showed his cruel and ferocious nature caused by his violent character, which broke out his cruel nature.
From the first year of Xingping (194) to the second year of Xingping (195), Cao Cao fought with Lu Bu and Zhang Miao in Yanzhou, and the two sides won and lost, and the land of Yanzhou changed hands repeatedly. Cao Cao ordered Yu Xun and Cheng Yu to defend Juancheng firmly, and took this as a base area, finally defeating Lu Bu and pacifying Yanzhou. At this time, the court officially recognized Cao Cao's pastoral duties in Yanzhou.
Second, literary deeds.
Cao Cao is not only an outstanding politician and strategist in the history of China, but also an outstanding writer. He has written military works such as Sun Tzu's Art of War, Sun Tzu's Art of War, Hao, Hai, Qiu Lu, Cold Night, Jieshi and Jie Shi. Later generations also compiled Cao Cao Ji.
In the chaos at the end of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao had a wide range of social contacts. Therefore, he has many personal experiences and understandings. For example, Hao describes the tragic scene of the war at the end of the Han Dynasty. When he saw the sufferings of the people, he also saw the sympathy of the poet when he was hurt. Therefore, later generations called Cao Cao Yuefu "a true record of the late Han Dynasty, an authentic poem".
A generation of fierce, even with scenery, died when the stars fell. Cao Cao also felt helpless about this, and he could only make a poem and sigh. For example, the sadness of "like the morning dew, going to the sun to suffer" in short songs, Hu Xing's low mood in autumn, and his negative mood can be seen in Shang Mosang's works.
Cao Cao's poetic form is very innovative. He is particularly good at writing five-character and four-character styles. Hao was originally a miscellaneous word, but Cao Cao rewritten it into five words, which was very successful. Four-character poems have declined since The Book of Songs, and there are not many excellent works, but Cao Cao inherited the national style and the tradition of Xiaoya, reflecting reality and expressing emotions.
For example, "Short Song" and "Out of the Summer Gate" are masterpieces of four-character poems, which make them reborn and glow again. Cao Cao's poems are simple, straightforward, bold, sad, gloomy and vigorous. The colorful words are rare, but vivid as the poem "Watching the Sea": "The autumn wind is bleak, the waves are rough, and the trip to the sun and the moon, if it is outside, the stars are brilliant, if it is outside." A few strokes can show the poet's mind with a vast seascape without retouching.
Extended data
Cao Cao (155-0315,220) was born in Mengde, a lucky man and a small character, Asan, from Peiguoqiao County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was an outstanding politician, strategist, writer and calligrapher, and the founder of the Cao Wei regime in the Three Kingdoms.
Cao Cao served as the prime minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty and later named Wang Wei, which laid the foundation for the establishment of Cao Wei. After his death, posthumous title became King Wu. After his son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was honored as Emperor Wu, with the temple name Mao.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos. In the name of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao conquered all directions, wiped out the separatist forces such as Er Yuan, Lu Bu, Liu Biao, Ma Chao and Han Sui at home, surrendered to Xiongnu, Wuhuan and Xianbei in the south, unified northern China, and implemented a series of policies to restore economic production and social order, expand reclamation, build water conservancy projects, reward farmers and mulberry, attach importance to handicrafts, resettle refugees and implement ".
Under Cao Cao's rule, the politics of the Yellow River valley gradually became clear, the economy gradually recovered, the class oppression was slightly alleviated, and the social atmosphere improved. Some measures taken by Cao Cao in the name of Han have positive effects. ?
Cao Cao is proficient in the art of war militarily and attaches importance to talents and talents. Therefore, he took a fancy to his potential molecules at all costs. He is good at writing poems in life, expressing his political ambitions and reflecting the tragic life of the people in the late Han Dynasty, with great boldness of vision, generosity and sadness; Prose is also neat, which opens and prospers Jian 'an literature and leaves precious spiritual wealth to future generations. Lu Xun rated him as "the founder of reforming articles". At the same time, Cao Cao is also good at calligraphy, and Zhang Huaiguan in the Tang Dynasty rated Cao Cao's Cao Zhang as a "wonderful work" in "The Story".
Cao Cao was born in a bureaucratic family. After the Three Kingdoms called him Cao Can, Cao Cao's father Cao Song was the adopted son of eunuch Cao Teng. Cao Teng served four generations of emperors and had a certain reputation. Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty took time to seal, Cao Song inherited Cao Tenghou, and Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty sealed Qiu. ?
In his youth, Cao Cao was resourceful, alert, resourceful, chivalrous, unruly and unlearned. Therefore, people at that time did not think that he had any special talents. Only Qiao Xuan and others in the beam think he is different. Qiao Xuan said to Cao Cao, "There will be chaos in the world, and people who are doomed can't help it. What's wrong with him? " He Qing of Nanyang said to him: "The Han Dynasty will die, and the person who lives in the world must be this person!" Xu Shao of Nanyang is famous for knowing people. He once said to Cao Cao, "Jun Qingping's traitor is a hero in troubled times".
In his early years, Cao Cao showed his love and talent for martial arts, read widely and especially liked the art of war. He copied the strategies of various ancient art of war, and the book Wei Wu's Notes on Sun Tzu, which annotated the art of war, was handed down from generation to generation. These laid a solid foundation for his later military career.
References:
Cao Cao (founder of the Wei regime in the Three Kingdoms)-Baidu Encyclopedia