It can be said that every sentence of this poem is a classic and has become a famous saying. Among them, the first sentence is the most beautiful stroke in the whole poem. Once the sea was difficult for water: I miss my wife Wei Cong deeply.
The first sentence is translated from Mencius, "It is hard to say who watches the sea, but it is hard to say who visits the gate of saints". It means that if you see the sea and look at other rivers and streams, you can't call it water. If you are with saints and become their disciples, it is difficult for you to listen to what others say.
In fact, this sentence of Mencius is actually a great foil to Confucius. The previous sentence uses metaphor (Mencius' favorite rhetoric) to express the charm of sage thought.
Yuan Zhen cleverly used this sentence to express his mourning for his wife Wei Cong.
This poem by Yuan Zhen has become a classic sentence recited by young men and women when they miss each other for more than 1000 years.
Yuan Zhen in history: betraying his first love, marrying the daughter of a senior official and seeking official positions.
But in history, according to our present values, Yuan Zhen belongs to a "love rat" completely. He abandoned his first love and married Wei Cong for his reputation and status. Wei cong's father is Jing, equivalent to the mayor of Chang 'an, the capital. Before Wei Cong, Yuan Zhen fell in love with Cui Yingying, and later wrote Yingying Biography (also known as Yu Zhenji) based on his own experience. Our existing Romance of the West Chamber was adapted by Wang Shifu according to the Biography of Yingying.
In Biography of Yingying, Cui Yingying is not the daughter of Guo Xiang, but the child of an ordinary family. As for Yuan Zhen, he was already a gifted scholar in the Tang Dynasty. At the banquet of the literati in the Tang Dynasty, prostitutes were bound to sing his poems, and even the Prince of the East Palace loved his poems very much.
Xuanhe's book says that he is a "gifted scholar, but his move is imminent", which means that he is talented, handsome and can attract girls' attention, and Cui Yingying is attracted by him.
Later, in order to be an official, he abandoned Cui Yingying and wrote Yingying Biography to discredit her, saying that she was not a good woman, but a femme fatale. Historian Chen Yinque commented that he had no integrity. However, if we go back to the environment at that time in the Tang Dynasty, we can find that the gentry style was still there. After many talented people passed the imperial examination, the gentry went to them one after another and asked their daughters to marry off. These talented people must also marry them, otherwise they will never have a big official position (it was not until after the Huang Chao Uprising that Huang Chao killed all the gentry that this concept of family status withdrew from the historical stage). Whether Yuan Zhen had to or not, his behavior has been nailed to the shame column of history like Chen Shimei.
After Wei Cong died, he hooked up with Xue Tao again.
After marrying Wei Cong, they had a good life for several years, so Yuan Zhen joined the imperial court and became a captain (although he was a small official with seven products, he could be a captain with unlimited future). But unexpectedly, a few years later, Wei Cong passed away.
Yuan Zhen wrote several mourning poems, and every capital made people cry. However, this "love rat" met Xue Tao, a talented woman, during an investigation in Sichuan that year. This poem by Xue Tao is also well written, but her private life is also quite chaotic. She has been a musician since she was a child and lives by singing. At that time, Xue Tao was 42 years old and Yuan Zhen was only 3 1 year old. They were very close and fell in love soon. Xue Tao also boldly wrote a poem, saying that we were "on the green pool and flew back at dusk", which was very strong.
Later, Yuan Zhen left Sichuan and told Xue Tao that I wanted to marry you before he left, but he never came back together. After returning to Chang 'an, he went around philandering and married concubines, which was despised by people.
Every time Yuan Zhen went to work in the government, his colleagues laughed at him and even said there were no flies in his face. It can be seen that Yuan Zhen's personality is poor.
Once the ocean is short of water,
Amber forever;
Looking back at the flowers lazily,
Half ploughing makes half king.
-Don? Yuan Zhen? Leave an idea
The original intention of this poem is to say that people who have experienced the sea can no longer think that it is worth seeing if they look at the water in other places; After seeing the clouds in Wushan, I feel that the clouds in other places don't look so good except Wushan. Because the old love is unforgettable, I can't fall in love with other women, and I have no intention of pursuing new relationships. Even if you walk past thousands of beautiful women, you are too lazy to look back. Of course, half is for monasticism and half is for Iraqis.
Cultural inheritance, semantic expansion and Yuan Zhen's "Once the sea was difficult for water, it was amber forever" are all extensions of Mencius' realm. "Mencius? Mencius said in the "Dedication": "Confucius climbed the East Mountain and was small, and climbed Mount Tai and was smaller than the world. Therefore, it is difficult for people watching the sea to swim in the water, and it is also difficult for people at the gate of saints to speak. If you have the ability to watch water, you must watch it. The sun and moon are bright, and the light will shine. Running water is also a thing, but it is not a mirror; The ambition of a gentleman is also in the Tao, and it can't reach a chapter. "-After seeing the biggest and most beautiful things, nothing else is worth seeing." The difficulty of water "-it is hard to think that the water in ordinary places is magnificent and considerable. Not a cloud "-not a beautiful cloud.
This poem by Yuan Zhen is about his infatuation with his late lover Wei Cong, which is unforgettable and unforgettable all his life. Being madly in love, even if there are beautiful women, can't compare with his old friends. The words "cloud" and "water" in the famous sentence "forever amber" were once beautiful ideals that people yearned for, looked forward to and pursued. People who are deeply in love and have unforgettable old feelings often use this famous saying to express their deep affection. "It used to be difficult for the sea to touch the water"-people who have experienced lofty things and cherished lofty ideals no longer have any nostalgia for the general reputation, but stick to the distant realm.
Writing here, I thought of a picture: in the course of Selected Readings of Tang Poetry and Song Poetry, my questions such as "The sea is difficult for water, amber is eternal", "The water is difficult" and "Feiyun is also" were interpreted by Mr. Wang with rich quotations ... After more than 30 years, Mr. Wang's inculcation is still in my heart, and Mr. Wang is amiable. It's a pity that the students you once valued have failed to live up to the expectations of teachers! blush