Tang zhangji
You know I have a husband. Give me two pearls.
Your lingering feeling lies in the red roller.
My tall building rises from the garden, and my lover holds a halberd in the bright light.
Knowing your heart is like the sun and the moon, and your husband vows to live and die together.
Tears fell in your eyes. I hate not meeting you before I got married.
Brief introduction of the author
Zhang Ji (about 766-830 AD) was named Wenchang, known as Zhang Yesi or Zhang Shuibu in the world. Most of his Yuefu poems reflect the social reality at that time, and are as famous as Wang Jian, and are known as "Zhang Wang". And Zhang's collection.
A brief explanation of a sentence
Explanation: This is a classic Tang poem with double meanings. On the text level, it describes a wife who is loyal to her husband. After ideological struggle, she finally rejected the pursuit of an affectionate man and kept the women's morality. On the metaphorical level, it expresses the author's determination to be loyal to the court and not to be wooed and bought by senior officials of the buffer region. Virtuous woman: A woman who can keep chastity, especially a wife who is loyal to her husband. Sound: the name of a poetic style. Concubine: ancient women's title of respect for themselves. Lingering: affectionate. Luo: A kind of silk fabric, thin and smooth, with good air permeability. Yan: Short coat, short coat. Garden: A landscape garden for emperors and nobles to play and hunt. Lover: Husband. Halberd: An ancient weapon. Bright light: the hall of bright light refers to the palace. Things: service, service. Plan: Plan.
No Cui Jiao, handmaiden.
The prince and grandson followed in their footsteps,
Green beads shed tears and dropped towels.
As soon as Houmen entered the sea,
From then on, Xiao Lang became a passer-by.
A story is recorded in Fan Bian's commentary Yunxi Friendship at the end of Tang Dynasty: the aunt of Cui Jiao, a scholar at the end of Yuan Dynasty, had a beautiful handmaid who fell in love with Cui Xiao, but was later sold to an important person. Cui Jiao was fascinated by it and longed for it. During a cold meal, the maid occasionally went out to meet Cui Jiao. Cui Jiao wrote this song "To a Maid" with mixed feelings. Later, when Yu Yong read this poem, he asked Cui Jiao to accept his handmaid, and spread it in the poetry circle as a much-told story.
The content of this poem is about the sadness that one's beloved person was taken away. However, due to the poet's high generalization, he broke through the limitations of personal joys and sorrows and reflected the love tragedy caused by the disparity in family status in feudal society. The meaning of the poem is quite deep, but the means of expression is implicit, complaining without anger, euphemistic and tortuous.
"The prince and grandson followed in their footsteps, and the green beads shed tears." The last sentence is a side foil, that is, through the description of "the prince and grandson", the beauty of women is highlighted; The next sentence shows the pain in the woman's heart with the details of "sobbing a towel". The behavior of her son Wang Sun is the root cause of women's misfortune. However, the poet did not say this explicitly, but expressed it through the tortuous use of the code name "Green Pearl". Lvzhu was originally a favorite of Shi Chong, a rich man in the Western Jin Dynasty. It is said that she is "beautiful and moving, and good at playing the flute". When Zhao was authoritarian, his Sun Xiu relied on his power to name Shi Chong, but Shi Chong refused. Shi Chong went to prison for this, and Lvzhu fell to her death. On the one hand, this allusion describes the beautiful appearance of a woman like Lvzhu, on the other hand, it implies the unfortunate fate of a woman who was robbed by Lvzhu. In the seemingly plain and objective narrative, the poet's dissatisfaction with the prince and grandson is subtly revealed, and his sympathy for the weak woman is written tactfully.
Xiao Lang was a passer-by as soon as Houmen entered the sea. "Back door" refers to the home of powerful people. "Xiao Lang" is an idiom in poetry, which refers to the man that women love. Here, Cui Jiao refers to himself. These two sentences did not explicitly point the finger at the "Houmen" that caused their separation and isolation, but it seems that women regard themselves as strangers as soon as they enter the Houmen. But with the foreshadowing of the first couplet, it is not difficult to understand the author's real irony. The reason for writing this way is that it conforms to the tone of "To the Maid", which is convenient to express the poet's sad and painful feelings, and can maintain the harmony and consistency of the whole poem style, highlighting its implicit and implied characteristics. The image metaphor of "deep as the sea" in Back Door reveals the poet's deep despair, and the tone expressed by the two related words "once" and "from now on" can touch people's hearts more than straightforward lyricism and arouse readers' resonance.
The words in this poem are extremely accurate. In feudal society, it is really appropriate to summarize them with "Hou Men", which has caused such human tragedies, from emperors to dignitaries. Because of this, the word "back door" has become synonymous with powerful families; "Hou men are like the sea" is also an idiom, which is widely used in literary works and daily life because of its vivid metaphor.