In December of the fifth year of Chongzhen, Yu () lived in the West Lake. It snowed heavily for three days, and people and birds in the lake died (). Now it's () midnight (), and Yu You () has a boat, holding () clothes and fire, and goes to the lake pavilion to see the snow alone. Rime () Lingle (), sky and clouds and mountains and water, white () up and down. The shadow on the lake is only () a sign on the long dike, a small pavilion in the middle of the lake, a mustard with Yu Zhou, and only two or three people on board (). On the gazebo, there are two people sitting opposite, and a boy's shochu stove is boiling. Dayu saw it and said happily, "How can there be such a person in the lake!" " Pull me together and drink with me. Yu Qiang () drank three glasses of white wine () and then left (). Ask him his last name. He is from Jinling and a guest. When () got off the boat, he murmured, "Mo () said" xianggong "was crazy (), and () was as crazy as () xianggong!"
Second, the classical Chinese vocabulary multiple-choice questions
(1) In the following sentences, the same meaning is ().
A. ask his last name. He is from Jinling, a guest here/Denmark, and a guest from other places.
D. Get off the boat and/or go to the county to be a prefect.
(2) In the following sentences, the one with the same meaning is ()
A. if you advance, you will worry, and if you retreat, you will worry. /This is a better day.
B: I was overjoyed/This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower.
C. Singing back and forth in a white/shady forest
D if Yu Qiang drinks three glasses of white wine, he can't be said to be strong.
(3) In the following groups, the same meaning is ()
A. if the sun rises, the forest rains/the moon doesn't open.
B. those who have pavilions and wings but welcome the spring/policy.
C. Yun Gui Dong/Weiss, who will come back to us?
D. The forest and Meiyou/water are particularly clear.
Third, the translation of key sentences
(1) It snowed heavily for three days, and all the people and birds in the lake died.
(2) Haze, sky and clouds, mountains and water are all white.
(3) the shadow on the lake is just the trace of a long bank, a small pavilion in the middle of the lake, a mustard Yu Zhou, only two or three people on board.
(4) Seeing, I was overjoyed and said, "There is no such person in the lake!"
(5) Yu Qiang drank three glasses of white wine and then left.
(6) When he got off the boat, Zhou Zi murmured: "Don't say" xianggong ",there are more idiots like" xianggong "!"
Fourth, comprehensive analysis of multiple choice questions
(1) The following item is ()
A. The phrase "Three days after the heavy snow, all the birds in the lake die" highlights the coldness and majesty of winter snow from the perspective of hearing, and embodies the author's elegant interest in watching snow in the cold.
B. "When I saw Yu, I was overjoyed and said," There is no such person in the lake! "Although this language comes from Hongxing Erke, it actually expresses the same voice of the author.
C. Writing the scene of two Jinling people sitting in the middle of the lake drinking, and being invited for three drinks, opened up another realm for the article, giving people a surprise of meeting a bosom friend, which is an extension of "watching the snow", so the author was extremely happy and sad.
D. The "idiot" in the article seems silly, which means that the author's taste in enjoying the snow scene of the West Lake in the morning is beyond ordinary people's understanding.
(2) The following analysis of the article is incorrect ()
A. "Heaven and clouds and mountains and water, up and down a white", with three "and" combined with "one white", just a few words, outlined the boundless sky and clouds, clouds and mountains, white and white.
B the word "alone" in the sentence "watching the snow in the lake alone" reflects the quiet and empty environment and also implies the author's "infatuation". Next, he likes to meet his bosom friend. Zhou Zi's sigh is an echo of the writer's detached and exquisite character.
C. In the article, the sentence "Don't be stupid, but be as stupid as a fool" seems to be a derogatory compliment, but it reflects the author's feelings for mountains and rivers when his talents are not met; At the same time, when the world meets a bosom friend, the joy in the heart dissolves the faint sadness brought by the thought of the old country.
D. Start with narration, end with discussion, borrow scenery to express emotion, and blend scenes; There is movement in silence and sound in silence: this is a travel prose with strong three-dimensional sense.
(3) The following statement is incorrect ()
A. In this paper, "All birds are singing" and "All white" are used to write colors, and grand backgrounds such as "one mark", "one spot", "one mustard" and "two or three grains" are set for the highlights in the snow. The author simply outlines a hazy, distant and refined night snow picture of the West Lake.
B. After sketching the snow scene, I met my bosom friend in detail, which not only enriched the connotation of the article, but also portrayed the scenery and people, making them like each other. The snow scene of the West Lake is more vivid and attractive because of people's activities.
C. The author collected the full text with Zhou Zi's mumbling, which played the role of making the finishing point and deepening the artistic conception: in this charming snow scene, "I" was not the only "crazy" lover. This is a wonderful positive description.
D. Described the remote and refined snow scene in the pavilion in the middle of the lake, and described the snow adventure. The organic combination of events, scenery and feelings makes the author obsessed with the joy of mountains and rivers, and the leisure elegance outside the secular world.
(4) The following analysis and understanding of the article is incorrect ()
A. The article first explains the time, destination and weather conditions of seeing snow, and then describes the specific process of enjoying snow. Then, the author turned the pen and described the adventure in the pavilion in the middle of the lake.
B. By recalling an experience of boating and watching snow in the West Lake, the author showed his deep seclusion thought and expressed his deep attachment and sentimental feelings.
C through the combination of "one mark", "one point", "one mustard" and "two or three grains", the author conveys the vast realm of eternity and water, even the silent breath.
D. The greatest feature of this article is its concise writing, which is less than 200 words, but it integrates narration, scenery description and discussion.
(5) The following analysis and understanding of the article is incorrect ()
A. The beauty of the sentence "After three days of heavy snow, people and birds in the lake died" lies in the silence after the heavy snow. The lakes and mountains are frozen, and people and birds are afraid to go out. Even the air seems to be frozen.
B. Zhang Dai, the author of this paper, observed the snow scene, from "three days of heavy snow" to "one day up and down", and finally saw "two or three people on board", using colorful descriptions.
C. When the author wrote this article, the Ming Dynasty had perished, but he still used the year number of the Ming Dynasty to implicitly express his nostalgia for the old country.
D. The emotional changes in this narrative are full of twists and turns, but they are all related to "watching snow", which is an extension of the action of "watching snow".
Please judge whether the following sentences use line drawing techniques.
(1) Dead vines and old trees faint crows, small bridges and flowing water, old roads and thin horses. ( )
(2) After all, the scenery of the West Lake is different from that at four o'clock in June. Lotus leaves will not turn green the next day, and lotus flowers are particularly bright red in the sun. ( )
(3) He climbed up with his hands and his feet shrank again; His fat body leans slightly to the left, showing signs of hard work. ( )
(4) It is far away from Haimen, just like a silver line; As we approached, the snow mountain in Yucheng fell from the sky, sounding like Hong Zhong, shocking the maser, devouring the sky and the sun, with great power. ( )
Sixth, read the classical Chinese fish in the lake after class.
The Woods ① sip tea by the lake ② The windows are covered by bushes, the lake is dark blue, and the fish will come to the bottom ③.
Chew preserved beans, spit, and fish compete. However, with death, then survivors, three or four fish. One more spit, and you won't eat it if you fall on the grass. At first, all the dead fish were full. Looking for 7 feet away, the waterline is moving, fighting for the same thing.
Yu: When the fisherman throws down the hook, he must first throw food to attract him. The fish swallowed the hook. For a long time, I knew that everyone who eats will have a hook, but is fame and fortune the only thing? If you don't go while eating, you can be decoupled.
-Choose a small white woodcut of The Complete Works of Wei Lu.
Note: ① Linzi: Lin Shu (sh) claimed to be a modern writer and translator in China. ② ④: refers to the teahouse. 3 meeting: convergence. (4) Douchi: Snacks such as Douchi. ⑤: Fish eat in groups. ⑥ Dysosma: an aquatic plant. ⑦ Search: unit of length, eight feet. ⑧ ⑾ (ǒ u): Originally refers to a lake with little water and lush vegetation. A place where people or things gather. 9 sheng: multi-frequency.
9. The following additional words are incorrectly explained () (3 points)
A. however, with death (death) B. spit on it again (again)
C. beyond the search (length unit, eight feet) D. leave (leave) before dinner time.
10. Break sentences with three "/"lines in the text. (3 points)
For a long time, it has been known that people who eat have hooks. However, the name and profit are not linked.
1 1. The article is inspired by watching fish and eating. Please summarize its profound philosophy in your own words. (3 points)
Seven. Appendix.
Accumulation of famous sentences
1. The shadow on the lake is just a trace on the long bank, a small pavilion in the middle of the lake, a mustard seed with Yu Zhou and two or three people on board.
2. When getting off the boat, Zhou Zi murmured, "Don't say" xianggong "is stupid, let alone" xianggong "is stupid."
Classical Chinese vocabulary
Content understanding
1. The article first explains the time, destination and weather conditions of seeing snow.
The adventure of the pavilion in the middle of the lake made the author very happy. Finally, the author collected the full text in Zhou Zi's words, pointing out that the author is obsessed with the beauty of mountains and rivers and the elegance beyond the secular.
3. The author quoted Zhou Zi's words as a compliment to the word "crazy", and at the same time, he solved the faint sadness in his heart with the joy of winning the world's confidants.
Artistic feature
1. This paper integrates narrative, scenery description and lyric.
2. A mark, a dot, a mustard tuber, two or three grains, with a few strokes, write the main features of the scenery, which is long and exquisite.
3. Make good use of contrast techniques, big and small, cold and hot, loneliness and bosom friend, in sharp contrast, which strongly expresses the deep affection for life and the lingering yearning for the old country.
Reading enlightenment
Like the author, he maintains his leisure and elegance, but we should not blindly appreciate the aloof and self-admiring mood and negative seclusion in his works.
Writing intention
By describing the experience of watching snow in the Huting, this paper expresses the author's lamentation about the bleak life and homesickness.
A lesson, a skill.
How to grasp the broken sentences in classical Chinese
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
1. The reading rhythm of the following sentences (or underlined sentences) is correct (or incorrect).
Please mark the semantic pause with "/"in the following sentences.
Response instruction
1. Sentence by sentence meaning. Read the sentence, understand the general idea, pay attention to the characteristics of monosyllabic words in classical Chinese, grasp the translation of several key words to understand the meaning of the sentence, and then break the sentence according to the logical relationship.
2. Break sentences according to grammar. (1) There should be a pause between the subject and the predicate. (2) There should be a pause between the predicate verb and the object and complement. (3) Omission of components should be suspended.
3. Break sentences with the help of classical Chinese words. The sentence (1) should stop after the first word and related words. (2) The adverbial of time pauses first in the sentence. (3) In the sentence, pause before the conjunctions indicating turning, juxtaposition and order. (4) There should be a pause between two connected monosyllabic words. (5) There should be a pause after the modal particle "ye" in the sentence.