There are various forms of Tang poetry. There are mainly five-character poems and seven-character poems in Tang Dynasty. There are also two kinds of modern poems, one is called quatrains, and the other is called metrical poems. Quatrains and metrical poems are five words and seven words respectively. Therefore, there are basically six basic forms of Tang poetry: five-character archaic poetry, seven-character archaic poetry, five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character rhythmic poems and seven-character rhythmic poems. Classical poetry has a wide range of requirements for rhyme and meter: in a poem, the number of sentences can be more or less, the chapters can be long or short, and the rhyme can be changed. Modern poetry has strict requirements on rhyme and meter: the number of sentences in a poem is limited, that is, four-line quatrains and eight-line meter poems. The words used in each poem have certain rules, and the rhyme cannot be changed; Rhyme also requires that the middle four sentences become antithesis. The style of ancient poetry is handed down from the previous generation, so it is also called ancient style. Modern poetry has strict rules, so some people call it metrical poetry.
The forms and styles of Tang poetry are colorful and innovative. It not only inherited the tradition of Han and Wei folk songs and Yuefu, but also greatly developed the singing style. It not only inherited the five-character or seven-character ancient poems of the previous generation, but also developed into a long and huge system of narrative romance; It not only expanded the use of five-character and seven-character styles, but also created modern poems with particularly beautiful and neat styles. Modern poetry was a new style of poetry at that time, and its emergence and maturity was an important event in the history of Tang poetry development. It pushed the artistic features of China's ancient poems with harmonious syllables and refined words to an unprecedented height, and found a typical form for ancient lyric poetry, which has been especially loved by people so far. However, the metrical poems in modern poetry are easy to be bound because of their strict metrical restrictions, which is a major defect brought by their advantages.
Song ci
Song Ci is a popular literary genre in China in the Song Dynasty, and it is a new style poem compared with classical poetry, which marks the highest achievement of Song literature. Song ci has long and short sentences, which are easy to sing. Because it is the lyrics of music and harmony, it is also called tune, Yuefu, music movement, long and short sentences, poetry, piano music and so on.
It began in Liang Dynasty, formed in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. According to the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, "Since the beginning of Kaiyuan (the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), singers have mixed songs of Okoyi Lane." Song Ci is a bright pearl in the crown of China ancient literature, and a fragrant and gorgeous garden in Yuen Long, an ancient literature in China. With colorful and varied charm, she competes with Tang poetry and Yuanqu, and has always been said to be as famous as Tang poetry, representing the prosperity of a generation of literature. Later, there was a book with the same name, Song Ci.
Ci is a kind of music literature, and its emergence, development, creation and dissemination are directly related to music. Music related to words is the so-called Yan music, also called feast music. Its main component is a new type of music, which is a kind of music that combines the western region and the folk music since the Northern Zhou Dynasty and Sui Dynasty. Mainly used for entertainment and banquet performances, it became popular in Sui Dynasty. The origin of Le Yan characters can be traced back to the Sui Dynasty. Wang Zhuo, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote in Volume I of Biji Manzhi: "Since Gai's birthday, the so-called composers have gradually flourished and reached the Tang Dynasty." Ci was mainly popular among the people at first, and more than 60 works of/kloc-0 in Dunhuang Quzi Ci Collection were mostly folk songs from the prosperous Tang Dynasty to the late Tang Dynasty. Around the middle Tang Dynasty, poets such as Zhang, Wei, Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi began to create ci, and introduced this style into the literary world. In the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, literati ci developed greatly. The humanities of the late Tang poetry and the creation of the southern Tang Huajian poets, represented by Li Yu and Li Yu, have made important contributions to the maturity of the ci style and the establishment of the basic lyric style. Ci finally became one of the most important literary genres in ancient China. In the Song Dynasty, the creation of ci gradually became a grand view, and a large number of outstanding ci writers appeared, and famous works emerged one after another, and various styles and schools appeared one after another. There are more than 1330 words and nearly 20,000 words in the whole Song Dynasty, from which we can infer the grand occasion of creation at that time. Although the origin of Ci is early, the peak of its development is in the Song Dynasty. Therefore, later generations regarded Ci as the most representative literature in the Song Dynasty, juxtaposed with Tang poetry, and came up with the so-called "Tang poetry and Song poetry".