When he was a teenager, Chen Ziang's family was rich and generous to Ren Xia. As an adult, I began to study hard, read widely and be good at writing. At the same time, he cares about state affairs and demands political achievements. 24 years old, a scholar, promoted to the right, dare to speak. When Wu Zetian was in power, she was clean and cruel, killing innocent people. He is not afraid of persecution and has written many times to advise him. Wu Zetian plans to dig Shu Mountain and attack Qiang people through Yazhou Road. He also wrote against it and advocated sharing interest with the people. His remarks are relatively straightforward, often not adopted, and he was once jailed because of the involvement of "anti-Party" in framing Wu Zetian. In 686, he went to Juyanhai and Zhangye River in the northwest with the army of Zuobuqiao Zhi Zhi. Long live the first year (696), Li, a Khitan loyal to Sun Wanrong, defected and went to Jian 'an with the army. Joining the army twice made him have a deeper understanding of the frontier situation and the lives of local people. In the first year of the solar calendar (698), my father died shortly after being dismissed. During the funeral service, Wu Sansi, the powerful minister, ordered Duan Jian of Shehong County to be prosecuted and died in prison (Shen Yazhi's Letter to Zheng Shijun from Jiujiang).
The literary creation of poems in the early Tang Dynasty followed the habits of the Six Dynasties and had an exquisite style. Chen Ziang stepped forward and tried to reverse this tendency. In the article Zhu Xiupian and the Preface of Zuo's Family in Eastern Jin Dynasty, he lamented that "Han and Wei were strong and heroic, but Jin and Song did not make a biography"; Criticize "the poems between Qi and Liang Dynasties, although beautiful and complicated, are absolutely vulgar". He called Qiu, an American oriental, "The Ode to a Lonely Tong" heroic, full of ups and downs, bright and bright, and rich in gold. "I don't want to start the sound, but I can see it, which can make Jian' an authors smile at each other." These remarks show that he asked poetry to inherit the fine tradition of "taste both refined and popular" in the Book of Songs, which has comparative hope and political and social content; At the same time, it is necessary to restore the style of Jian 'an and Huang Chu, that is, the expression of thoughts and feelings is clear, the language is abrupt and vigorous, and a distinctive and vigorous style is formed, sweeping away the magnificent poetic style since the Six Dynasties. His poetry creation is the concrete practice of this progressive proposition.
There are more than 0/00 poems/kloc-in Chen Ziang, of which 38 are the most representative, and 7 are presented to Lu Jushi for collection in Qiu Ji, which is on the Youzhou rostrum. The poem "Feeling" is not a work in one place at a time, but it is rich in content and reflects a broader social life and complex thoughts and feelings. Among them, such as Cang Dingling fortress and Chao Ruyun Zhong Jun reflect the sufferings of the soldiers and civilians in the northern frontier. The article Ding Hai is in his twilight years reflects and criticizes Wuhou's plan to dig Shu Mountain and attack Qiang by Yazhou Road, and the article Saints are not selfish criticizes Wuhou's worship of Buddhism and great construction, which has strong practical significance. Articles such as "Noble people are hard to be proud" and "Jade Nest in the South China Sea" satirize the excessive punishment of Wuhou in a tortuous way, so that its officials will not die a natural death; The article "It's been a long time" states that the minister of bone and bone has no way out; The article "Spring and Summer of Lan Ruosheng" laments that one's ambition cannot be displayed, and criticizes current politics from different angles. There are also some poems that lament the impermanence of fortune, yearn for immortal seclusion, and show the depressed mood of passive seclusion. The poem "Feeling" consciously studied Ruan Ji's "Poem of Ode to the Heart", and expressed the darkness of current politics and the poet's wandering and depressed mood in a subtle and tortuous way with five-word archaic and simple language, which was really close to Ruan Ji's. However, there are also a few people who pay attention to the frontier fortress scenery and the sufferings of the lower class, and their styles are bold and distinctive, showing distinct creativity.
Seven poems, Qiu Ji Poetry and Youzhou Tower Poetry, were written by Chen Ziang during Wu Youyi's northern expedition to Qidan. Chen Ziang made suggestions to the military under the curtain of Wu Youyi, but his many suggestions were not adopted. Frustrated and bored, he wrote seven poems "Visiting Ancient Jiyu Mountain" for his good friend Lu Zangyong, and expressed his grief by chanting ancient things in the northern area of Jiyu. "There are trees all over the mountain, and Wang Zhao is here!" (Yan Zhaowang) The memory of Corporal Li Xian's Yan Zhaowang is actually lamenting that he has not met a bosom friend at present. At the same time, on the tower of Youzhou, there is a song that has been sung for a long time, which reads: "Where are the years that have passed before me?" Behind me, where are the future generations? . I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, tears fall! " What's more, he expressed his deep sadness and anger in a broad background. Qing Weng Fanggang said: "Apollo's Qiu Ji Guangu is full, but Liu Yueshi (Liu Kun) is not reduced" (Zhou Shi Shi Hua), and pointed out the characteristics of these chapters' generous elegies.
He also wrote some pretty good lyric short stories. For example, Five Laws, Late Music Country County, Crossing Jingmen and Looking at Chu, Farewell to Friends in Spring Night, Sending David to Join the Army, etc. are all lyrical, vivid in image, clear in syllables and vigorous in style, showing the characteristics of modern poetry approaching maturity and his own vigorous and powerful poetic style. Fang Hui thinks that his five laws are comparable to those of Shen Quanqi, Song and Du Fu in the same period, and they are all "the founders of Famen" in the Tang Dynasty (Ying Sui).
Chen Ziang's poetry creation has made great achievements in the reform of Tang poetry. Lu Zang once said that he "controlled waves". The world suddenly changed "(preface to Chen Boyu's collected works). Liu song kezhuang's "Hou Cun Shi Hua" said: "In the early Tang Dynasty, Wang, Yang, Shen and Song were good at names, but they did not get rid of the wind of Qi Liang, only picked up the wind and advocated elegance and lightness. Sweeping the exquisiteness of six generations, it tends to Huang Chu and Jian' an. " Jin Yuanhao asked, "On Poetry" also said: "Shen Song traversed the field of calligraphy, and Qi and Liang Dynasties did not waste their first romance. On merits and demerits, if you are on an equal footing with Wu Ping, you will jointly cast gold castings. Everyone praised him as a pioneer in the innovation of Tang poetry. However, some of his poems still have some shortcomings, such as boring language and lifeless images.
Chen Ziang's poems, with their progressive and substantial ideological content and simple and vigorous language style, have exerted great influence on the whole Tang poetry. Later, Zhang Jiuling's poem "Feeling" and Li Bai's "Ancient Style" all took his poem "Feeling" as the study object. Du Fu spoke highly of him: "After the male gave birth to a horse, he became famous. ..... finally established loyalty, and "love" was left behind. " Many of Du Fu's poems about the national economy and people's livelihood are obviously influenced by him. Bai Juyi's "Nine Books with Yuan Dynasty" and Yuan Zhen's "Storing Poems for Happy Days" both talked about their efforts to write satirical poems, which were inspired by Chen Ziang's "feeling" poems. Bai Juyi also compared Chen Ziang and Du Fu, saying, "Du Fu and Chen Ziang are famous." ("Appendices awarded for the first time")
Chen Ziang's prose is also famous. He was the forerunner of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty. "The Biography of Chen Ziang in the New Tang Dynasty" said: "Tang Xing, the article inherited Yu Xu's legacy, the ancestor was still good, and Zi Ang began to become elegant and upright." Although his prose is mixed with some parallel prose, it is simple and generous on the whole, close to the ancient prose of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, and changed the style of writing in the early Tang Dynasty. China ancient Tang writers often spoke highly of his prose. For example, George W. Shi Ying thinks that "Ziang's style of writing is the most correct recently" (quoted from Li Hua's "Preface to Xiaoshi English Collection"); Liang Su said that "prosperity is elegant" ("preface to Li Ji"); Han Yu said that "the country prospers articles (including poems), and children begin to dance high" (the poem "Recommended Scholars"); Liu Zongyuan also said that writing is not as good as writing, that is, both writing and poetry are equally important. The author is rare and beautiful, and he is a "person who chooses but doesn't care" (preface to Yang's Commentary Collection). However, his prose achievements are not as outstanding as his poems.
After Chen Ziang's death, his friend Lu Zangyong compiled the 10 volume for this episode and research materials. The Collected Works of Chen Boyu was edited by later generations. This book contains 10 volumes of the Collected Works of Chen Boyu edited by Yang Cheng during the reign of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty, and is accompanied by the New Tang Book and other related materials. Copy the four series here. Universal Library has made many revisions according to the Ming and Qing editions. Today, Xu Peng collates the Collection of Chen Ziang, which is based on four series, and there are also books such as Complete Tang Poems, Complete Tang Poems and Wenyuan Huaying. , more than 65,438+00 poems have been added, making it a relatively complete book with Luo Yong's Chronicle of Chen Ziang. Today, Peng Qingsheng has notes on Chen Ziang's poems, followed by his Chen Ziang Chronicle and various scholars' comments. Cen is the author of Chen Ziang's Deeds and Collected Works (attached with the first and second issues, volume 14).
(Selected from China Literature Volume, Encyclopedia of China, China Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1998 edition)
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