Brief introduction of four major literary schools
1. Novel: Novel focuses on creating characters and reflecting society through narrative of stories and description of environment. Novel classification: novel, novella and short story; The three elements of the novel are the characters, the plot and the environment; The methods of portraying characters in novels are positive description (appearance, language, action and psychology) and side description (indirect description); The plot of a novel generally includes four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending. Environmental description includes social environment and natural environment; The characters and plots in the novel are fictional, so the first person "I" in the novel should be separated from the author.
2. Prose: Prose is a free and flexible style to express what you see and feel; Prose is divided into narrative prose and lyric prose; The methods to reveal the center of prose are to express one's ambition by supporting objects, to express one's feelings by borrowing scenery and so on. Prose clue: There is often a clue to string the materials into an organic whole. We can take people, things, feelings, scenery, time and place as clues.
3. Poetry: the classification of poetry: from the way of expression, it can be divided into lyric poetry and narrative poetry; From the genre of poetry, it can be divided into two categories: ancient poetry and new poetry. Ancient poems can be divided into modern poems and ancient poems (ancient style), and modern poems can be divided into metrical poems (metrical poems [five-character metrical poems, seven-character metrical poems], quatrains [five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains]), words and songs. New poems include free poems (vernacular poems produced since the May 4th Movement), prose poems (lyric poems expressed in prose) and folk songs (poems circulated by the people and created collectively).
4. Drama: It is a comprehensive stage art, integrating literature, performance, sculpture, music and dance to form an independent artistic style. Classification of drama: drama, poetic drama, opera, ballet and opera according to their forms of expression; According to the nature of content, it is divided into tragedy, comedy and drama (tragicomedy); According to the aspects involved in the theme, it is divided into modern drama, historical drama, divine drama, scientific fantasy drama, children's drama and children's drama; According to the length, it is divided into whole drama and one-act drama. Dramatic literature is the script, which is the basis of stage performance and the main component of drama. Scripts usually include two parts: one is the playwright's stage tips, the other is the characters' own lines; The plot of the script can be divided into four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending; Some long plays have a preface before the first act and an ending after the end.