Rhyme is the spirit of poetry. Too much pressure not only limits the flow of the poem, but also gives the impression of a single rhyme to the end. Classification of rhyme in new Chinese poetry 1. From the rhyme part, it can be divided into two types: single rhyme (AAOA) and double rhyme (BABA). 1. Single rhyme rhyme patterns, including single rhyme plain rhyme, single rhyme oblique rhyme, and single rhyme flat oblique rhyme. a. Single rhyme and flat tone rhyme. Example 1: Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts", "There is bright moonlight in front of the bed, and I suspect it is frost on the ground. I look up at the bright moon and lower my head to think about my hometown." The whole poem only has the words "light", "frost" and "hometown", all with the same word. Ping tone rhyme department. b. Single rhyme and oblique rhyme. Example 2: "Spring Dream" by Cen Shen, "The spring breeze blew up last night in the bridal chamber, and I recalled the beauty of the Xiangjiang River. In my spring dream for a while on my pillow, I traveled thousands of miles south of the Yangtze River." The whole poem only has "qi", "water" and "li" , rhyme with the same oblique rhyme part. c. Single rhyme, plain rhyme (special case). Example 3: Put it into a double-rhyme rhyme formula for easy operation, see Example 6 below. 2. Double rhyme rhyme pattern (mostly cross rhyme). Example 4: Wang Bo's "Pu'an Jianyin Inscription on the Wall", "Jianghan is infinitely deep, and Liang Min is unreachable. In the mountains and rivers, clouds and mists, when will the wanderers return." There are two different rhymes in the whole poem. That is, the first and third "ji" and "li" are in contact with each other; the second and fourth "pan" and "huan" are in contact with each other. Example 5: Wang Wei's "Zhuli Pavilion" "Sitting alone in the secluded bamboo, playing the piano and roaring loudly. People in the deep forest don't know, the bright moon comes to shine." There are two different rhymes in the whole poem. That is, "Li" and "Zhi" are in conjunction with each other; "Xiao" and "Zhao" are in conjunction with each other. Example 6: Lu Tong's "Egret", "The egret is carved into a piece of jade. It is eager to catch the delicate scales. It has its feet on the sand and is out of time. It does not mean to stand idle when others are nearby." The whole poem rhymes with the same rhyme. The rhyme of the flat tone and the oblique tone of the part rhyme. That is, "鸶" and "时" are in flat tones; "ji" and "Li" are in flat tones. 2. According to the rhyme position, it can be divided into: full rhyme type, half rhyme type, mixed rhyme type, inclusive rhyme type, etc. 1. Full rhyme form, including full rhyme flat tone form (AAaA) and full rhyme oblique tone form (BBbB). a. Full rhyme flat tone. Example 7: "Screen" by Li Shangyin, "Six songs are linked to the green curtains, when you wake up in the middle of the night in a high-rise building. Cover up the lights and fog so densely that you don't even know the rain has fallen and the moon is bright.", in the whole poem, "curtain", "time", "Zhi" has three flat-sound characters and a oblique-sound character "this". b. Full rhyme oblique tone. Example 8: Guan Xiu's "Su Shen Village", "Walking for one night in the deep village, the chickens and dogs are in abundance and bustling like a market. At dusk, we see the guests and we are happy, and we collect fish and pour water from the pond under the moon." In the whole poem, "li" and "li" The four characters "city", "xi" and "water" are prefixed. 2. Half-rhyme style can be divided into half-rhyme level tone style (OAOA) and half-rhyme oblique tone style (OBOB). a. Half-rhyme flat tone. Example 9, Li He's "Horse Poems", "The sand in the desert is like snow, and the moon in Yanshan Mountain is like a hook. How can I be a golden Luo Nao, walk quickly to enjoy the clear autumn.", in the four sentences, there are two characters of "Gou" and four characters of "Autumn" Prefix. b. Half-rhyme oblique tone. Example 10, Liu Zhongyong's "Jiang Xing", "The clouds are suddenly hidden in the island, and the fallen leaves are flying over the Pu. The sails are rustling, and the cold river rain enters the evening." The two characters are "Pu" and the four characters are "Yu". 3. Mixed rhymes can be divided into cross rhymes (BABA) and conversion rhymes. (1) Cross-rhyme, which can be divided into: cross-rhyme parts (aAaA) and cross-rhyme parts (BABA). a. The same rhymes are crossed. Example 11, Zhu Qingyu's "Girlfriend's Feelings on Zhang Shuibu", "The red candles were lit in the wedding room last night, and I waited in front of the hall to pay homage to my aunt. After putting on makeup, I asked my husband and son-in-law in a low voice, is the eyebrow color dark or light?", "Candle" and "Sister-in-law" are intertwined. The oblique sound; the flat sound of "Gu" and "无" belong to the same rhyme department. b. Intersection of different rhyme parts, Example 12, Du Mu's "Guo Qinzheng Lou", "The name of the Qianqiu Festival is empty, but the silk bag that bears the dew is gone. Only the purple moss is partial to the meaning, and it goes to the gold shop every year because of the rain. "In the poem, "zai" and "yi" rhyme obliquely; "无" and "pu" rhyme obliquely, and different rhymes rhyme with each other. (2) Conversion rhyme. Example 13, Xu Ling's "Folding Willows", "The curling trees on the river bank. Yiyi Wei is the main business. There are old songs in Jiangling. New sounds are made in Luoxia. I am facing the Changyang Garden. The king ascends to the high city of Liucheng. Spring should still be seen. "The prodigal son is too ruthless." The rhyme of "tree" and "qu" changes to the rhyme of "yuan" and "jian"; the main rhyme (end rhyme) is "camp", "sound", "city", and "love". The flat tones and rhymes remain unchanged. Example 14, Du Fu's "Sighing on the Chamomile Flowers in Front of the Courtyard", "The chamomile flowers in front of the eaves are too late to be picked, and the green pistils cannot be picked during the Double Ninth Festival. Tomorrow, when you wake up from depression and drunkenness, what's the use of the rotten flowers blooming? There are so many fragrant flowers in the wild beside the fence, so you can pick them carefully. Rise to the middle hall. The branches and leaves grow in the sky, and the roots are lost in the wind and frost." The rhyme of the poem changes from "picking" and "yi" to "fang", "tang" and "shuang". The main rhyme (final rhyme) has changed and rhymes with two rhyme parts, but it still rhymes with flat tone. Example 15, Du Fu's "Three Sighs on the Autumn Rain", a. "In the rain, all the grasses are dying in autumn, and the cassia trees under the steps are bright in color. The branches are full of leaves and green feathers, and the flowers are blooming with countless gold coins. The cool breeze blows you anxiously, and I'm afraid you will be behind. It is difficult to be independent. The scholar in the hall has a blank head, and he is crying in the wind. "The wind is falling, the rain is falling, and the clouds are the same in all directions. How can the grass be separated from the clear water?" The ears of millet are black, and there is no news about the peasants in the fields. In the city, they exchange rice for silk quilts. Who is the commoner in Chang'an? , A child is carefree in the wind and rain. The sound of rain makes it cold in the morning, and it is difficult for wild geese to fly high with wet wings. When autumn comes, when will the dirt dry? " and the two poems "b" in Example 15, the first part rhymes with flat tones and the second part rhymes with oblique tones; the first part of "c" in Example 15 rhymes with oblique tones and the last part rhymes with flat tones. The main rhyme and the final rhyme are mixed equally.
4. Bao rhyme style, which can be divided into: a. Pingshengshun Bao style (AAOA), Example 16: Chang Jian's "Three Days to Find Li Jiuzhuang", "The rain stopped in Yanglindongdutou, and Yonghe took a boat in three days. So people are in Peach Blossoms" The bank, until the stream flows in front of the door." The rhyming words "head", "boat" and "liu" in the first, second and fourth sentences of the poem surround the third sentence, forming a circle. b. Oblique tone (BBOB), Example 2: Meng Jiao's "Ancient Grudge", "Trying my concubine and the king's tears, two drops of pond water. Look at the hibiscus flowers, who is born for this year." c. Reverse time rhyme Type (OAaA), Example 17:, "I slept several times in the spring, and looked out at dawn through the screen window. In the hazy dream, I was still in western Liaoning." The poem is arranged in two lines, with "mi", "li" and "xi" The word "jue" is surrounded by the word "jue". 3. According to the development of phonology, it can be divided into: ancient rhyme and new rhyme. 4. According to the density of rhyme used, it can be divided into: sentence rhyme, alternate sentence rhyme, mid-sentence rhyme (first and last rhyme, waist and last rhyme, foot and last rhyme), and extra-sentence rhyme. 1. Sentence rhyme, see full rhyme pattern. 2. For sentence rhyme, see single rhyme rhyme pattern, double rhyme rhyme pattern and cross rhyme pattern. 3. Rhyme in the sentence. a. First and last rhymes. Example 18, Yang Juyuan's "He Lian Master Asks for the Scholar Willow", "The willows by the water are filled with silk, and I immediately ask you to break a branch. Only the spring breeze cherishes each other the most, and the diligence blows into my hands.", "water" and "silk" in the poem "; "Li" and "一" and "branch"; "Wei" and "Xi" rhyme with each other in the beginning and end of this sentence. b. Waist rhyme. Example 19, Yan Wei's "Happiness at the beginning of the year when Huang Fu Shiyu arrives", "It's a good time to meet an old friend on the lake. The deep love should not laugh at the poverty of the family. In the Ming Dynasty, the back door is still hidden, and the bamboo poles are repaired and the body is old.", in the poem " "New" and "people" go hand in hand. c. Foot rhyme. Example 20, see Example 18 above. In "I will immediately trouble you to break a branch", "一" and "branch" are intertwined. 4. Extra-sentence rhyme. Use rhymes other than in this sentence. See Example 18. 5. Judging from the repetition of words, it can be divided into: overlapping word rhyme and heavy word rhyme. 1. Overlapping word rhyme. Example 21, "Egret" by Zheng Gu, "Standing idle in the spring pond, the smoke is flowing, sleeping quietly in the cold reeds and the rain is rustling. After the fisherman returns, it is late in the sand, and he flies down to the beach more freely.", the word "whistle" in the poem overlaps The words form a rhyme. 2. Emphasis on word rhyme. Example 22, Du Fu's "Three Quatrains", "The year before last, the governor was killed in Yuzhou, and this year he was killed in Kaizhou. Bandits follow each other to play tigers and wolves, and cannibals are more willing to keep their wives.", the word "history" in the "1" sentence in the poem It is the same as "History" in the "二" sentence, so use a heavy word. (Note: The letter A represents the flat tone rhyme of the same rhyme part, a represents the oblique tone of the same rhyme part; the letter B represents the oblique tone rhyme of different rhyme parts, b represents the flat tone rhyme of different rhyme parts; the letter O represents non-rhyme characters.
) The above mainly uses ancient poetry as an example, but the flexible use of rhyme methods is applicable to any form of poetry!
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