Dynasty: Tang Dynasty
Author: Bai Juyi
The scenery in Jiangnan is very beautiful, and the picturesque scenery has long been familiar. When spring comes, the sun rises from the river, the flowers on the river are brighter than red, and the green river is greener than the blue grass. How can we make people not miss Jiangnan?
Jiangnanchun
Author: Du Mu
Jiangnan, the sound of green and red flowers, the waterside village in the foothills. More than 480 ancient temples were left in the Southern Dynasties, and countless pagodas were shrouded in wind and rain.
Meet Li Guinian at the lower reaches of the river
Author: Du Fu
In the Qi family, I often see your performances; Before urging the wine hall, I praised your art many times. Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.
Spring dream-a short good time
Author: Cen Can
The spring breeze started last night, so old friends are still on the other side of Xiangjiang River. I fell asleep unconsciously, and in just a few moments in my dream, I have traveled thousands of miles to the south.
2. There are five lines describing place names in ancient poems. Li Bai's poem "Yellow Crane Tower Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou" said: An old friend left the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March, and the Yangtze River flowed. In the Tang Dynasty, Jia Dao wrote Du Sanggan, and the guest house Bingzhou has been home for ten years. I remember Xianyang crossing Sanggan water day and night, but I wish Bingzhou was my hometown. Li Bai's "Emei Mountain Moon Song", half moon and autumn shadow into Pingqiang River,
Place names are substantive nouns, while poems are literary works, which mainly express feelings and create artistic conception. Whether the use of place names in poetry can set off the artistic conception or weaken the destruction, our answer is the former, because the poet needs to use place names to point out where and what kind of environment arouses his interest; Otherwise, all descriptions will become rootless trees and passive water.
A night-mooring near maple bridge written by Zhang Ji in Tang Dynasty is a well-known poem. The third sentence, "Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City", is a narrative sentence, pointing out the location and looking dull. However, with this sentence, the scene described in the first two sentences, "The moon sets with black hoofs and frost all over the sky, and the fishing in the river village sleeps", can be attached to the beauty and landed; It is precisely because of this sentence that the next sentence "Midnight bell knocks on a passenger ship" is introduced, which completely tells the whole story about the specific environment here and now. Now I'll give you a few examples to explain the seven laws, seven unique styles and ancient styles.
The first year of Guangde in Tang Daizong (AD 763) was the year when the Anshi Rebellion ended. The rebels all collapsed because the leader Shi Chaoyi committed suicide, surrendered to the Tang Dynasty, and recovered the north and south regions centered on Ji Cheng (now both capital city). The good news reached Du Fu, who lived in Zizhou (now Santai County, Sichuan Province) at that time. He couldn't restrain his inner joy and couldn't help but write the famous seven-rhythm poem "The banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army".
The first sentence is "the news of this distant west station!" The north has been taken back! " , with two place names at the beginning. Factor continent is in the south of Jianmenguan, so it is called "outside the sword", which shows that the poet heard the news thousands of miles away. Another place name "Northern Hebei" refers to the recovered place centered on Ji Cheng, indicating the content of the news. The next five sentences are "at first, I couldn't stop tears from flooding my coat."
Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. However, I packed my books and poems crazily. Sing my songs loudly, drink my wine, and let me go home on a green spring day. "
It vividly depicts the poet's feelings of surprise and preparation for returning to China. The next two sentences immediately entered the action, "come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, come up from the south, and then go north-to my own town!" " .
The mood here is extremely high, and four place names have been used in succession to explain the journey home. From Zizhou to Sichuan, you have to pass through Fujiang, Jialing and Yangtze rivers, so "crossing Wuxia under the dam" is used to represent this voyage. "Xiangyang goes down to Luoyang", two common place names here represent the avenue between the north and the south at that time. It starts in Jiangling on the north bank of the Yangtze River, passes through Jingmen and Xiangyang, leaves Nanyang Basin and reaches Luoyang. These four place names, two pairs before and after, all end with the same sound, which is easier to recite and the syllables are loud and beautiful.
Six place names are used in the whole poem, which was highly praised by past critics, saying, "The subject and object are so rich that they are really good at (in this case, directing) many people." Look at Mao Zedong's Long March again. These seven laws are full of revolutionary optimism and are widely read.
The first two sentences, "The Red Army is not afraid of difficult expeditions, and Qianshan only has leisure", are in charge of the overall situation with thunderous momentum. Five place names-Wuling Mountain, Wumeng Mountain, Dadu River, Jinsha River and Minshan Mountain-have been used one after another, opening a picture of the Long March for us.
On the way to the Long March, there were thousands of waters in Qian Shan. Why did you choose these five place names? Because they are key locations in the Long March, they contain rich historical facts and witness the revolutionary history. In the geography of China, it is also an important place name with distinctive geographical features, with magnificent weather, which is beyond the reach of ordinary mountains and rivers. All the poems containing these five place names, on the one hand, describe the local geographical characteristics, and in essence express the broad mind of revolutionary soldiers.
When we recite this revolutionary poem, one place name after another makes our emotions soar and sublimate step by step, reaching three or four sentences in the seven laws of the apex, called couplets, which pay attention to the neatness of antithesis and often use some place names to pin the poet's interest. For example, Du Fu wrote "Climbing the Building" when he was in Chengdu, and his cloud said: "The silk water with bright spring scenery floats between heaven and earth, like a cloud of jade peaks, from ancient times to the present."
It is realistic to climb the stairs overlooking the clear stream and mountains and point out these two place names. Jinjiang, located in the south of Chengdu, is the downstream of Zouma River, a tributary of Minjiang River. Used for brocade in ancient times, it is fresher than other water. Therefore, it is also called Fuhe locally.
Lei Yu is the name of a mountain. During the Tang Dynasty, a pass was set up here to control the main road leading to Tibetan areas. Connecting the river with space and connecting the pass with time not only makes the confrontation accurate and steady, but also makes the weather vigorous and powerful, which opens the way for painting the poet's feelings below.
Another example is the two sentences written by Lu You, a patriotic poet in the Song Dynasty, "Snow on the boat at night, autumn wind scattered in the iron horse", which is a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages. Guazhoudu and the Big Three Pass, so the poet chose two place names, which have profound meanings.
The former is located on the north bank of the Yangtze River, south of Jiangdu County, Jiangsu Province, and is an important link between the north and the south. The latter is a pass in the Qinling Mountains southwest of Baoji, blocking the main road leading to Guanzhong. These two strategic locations, one water and one land, one east and one west, were the front lines of Song and Jin Dynasties.
The poet expresses patriotic enthusiasm through two place names; Moreover, these two places were visited by the poet in Zhenjiang and Nanzheng Army in his early years. Looking back now, whether in the country or in oneself, why not let him feel sad and angry? There are only four lines and 28 words in the Seven Wonders, which are short in length, rich in content, numerous excellent works, full of sound and emotion, and infinite in emotion. They are regarded as the treasures of China's classical poems. In this kind of poetry with limited words, can you use place names freely? There is a very common sentence with a place name in the four-character poem. Although I don't need to mention it, two, three or even four sentences all use a place name, which is everywhere in the works of famous writers in the Tang Dynasty. There are as many as five or six consecutive place names.
Now let's give a few examples.
3. For the names of Nanjing that have appeared in ancient poems or historical stories, please attach the source \ original names and current names \ \ which are famous historical and cultural cities at home and abroad.
"Four hundred and eighty halls in the southern dynasties, how many towers are misty and rainy." Throughout the ages, how many literati have used poetry to express their feelings, arouse their feelings and integrate every bit of Nanjing into poetry.
Not to mention the majestic Zhongshan and the Yangtze River, the magnificent and beautiful stone carvings of the Six Dynasties, the magnificent Ming city walls, and even the small borders and ordinary alleys of Gu Xiang, you may find traces of it in ancient poems. "There are wild grass flowers on Suzaku Bridge, and the sunset at the entrance of Wuyi Lane is oblique."
Wuyi Xiang, written by Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, is well-known and widely circulated. 1300 years later, Nanjing still retains the names of Wuyi Lane and Suzaku Bridge. Similarly, Qinhuai, Stone Town, Taicheng, Taoyedu, Phoenix Terrace ... these historical sites have been sung by poets, and also left precious humanities and natural landscapes for future generations, so that we can look for historical traces, taste the changes of the ancient city, trace the origin of culture and think about ancient love.
[Peach Leaf Song] In the Eastern Jin Dynasty-Wang Xianzhi, peach leaves mixed with peach leaves, without crossing the river. But there is nothing to cross, and I welcome you myself.
Taoyedu Taoyedu is one of the ancient scenic spots in Nanjing and one of the 48 scenic spots in Jinling.
The origin of the name Taoyedu dates back to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Wang Xianzhi, the seventh son of the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi, lives in Wuyi South Lane, Huaishui. He often greets his beloved concubine Ye Tao across the river here. He has a poem called Peach Leaf Song, and the ferry in the poem is called Ye Tao Ferry. At that time, because there was a floating boat (Dongcheng Airlines) on the Qinhuai River, there was no need to greet Ye Tao by boat.
Since the Six Dynasties, many scholars have come here to write poems on the cross. With the construction of Qinhuai scenic belt, the scenic spot "Taoyedu" reappears in front of tourists.
【 Address 】 Located near Huaiqing Bridge, at the intersection of Shili Qinhuai and Gubiao River. Today, there are Taoyedu Monument and Taoyedu Pavilion at the ferry.
(No.8 Taoyedu, Wu's former residence) [Route] Confucius Temple Scenic Area, No.4, No.7, No.40, No.44, No.49 and No.304 Confucius Temple Station. [Long March] Tang-Li Bai, my hair has not covered my forehead. I am picking flowers and paying by the door.
When you, my love, ride a bamboo horse, place orders everywhere and make watches. We live in an alley in Qingkan. We are all young and happy.
When I was fourteen, I became your wife, and I was too shy to laugh. I bowed my head and went to the dark corner, unwilling to pay attention to your thousands of calls.
But at the age of fifteen, I raised my eyebrows and laughed, knowing that no dust can seal our love. Even to death, I will wait for you in my post, and I will not lose heart in the silent watchtower! Then, when I was sixteen, you embarked on a long journey.
Then the fifth month, I couldn't help it anymore. I tried to listen to the monkeys in your distant sky. I looked at the place where you walked, your footprints in front of our door, each hidden under the green moss.
Hiding under the moss is too deep to sweep away, and the first autumn wind adds leaves. Now, in the eighth month, yellow butterflies, two by two, are hovering on the grass in our western garden.
Because of all this, my heart is broken, and I am worried that my bright cheeks will fade. Oh, finally, when you come back through three Pa areas, send me a message home in advance! .
I'll pick you up, and I won't mind the distance, all the way to Sha Changfeng. .
Changganli's "Jiankangzhi" records that in ancient Nanjing, people called it the "dry" between mountains and dragons. There were hills in the south of Jianye, with flat terrain and people living together. There are big long stems, small long stems and long stems in the east, which are the names of the land.
Xiaolonggan is located in the south lane of Wagong, and the river flows from the west. "Jinling is surrounded by mountains in the south, and Yuhua Peak is the largest. Its ridge is called Lion Hill, which is the ancient Longgan. In the west, it's a bit long and dry. Wuli is a big city, and Jin Wa Palace Temple is suitable for it. "
The terrain in Changganli is high, Yuhuatai is in front, Qinhuai River is behind, and the great river protects its west. It is also the channel for Qinhuai River to enter the river, and its strategic position is very important. During the Qin, Han and Six Dynasties, Changganli was the most prosperous place in Nanjing, a famous commercial district and a distribution center for goods.
[Address] Changganli is a famous place name in ancient Nanjing. The site is located in the area from the south of Qinhuai River to the north of Yuhuatai and from Yuhuatai to Changgan Bridge. [Route] Take bus No.2, No.2, 16, No.26, No.33, No.49, No.802, No.814, No.816, Xinshan Line, Xinjiu Line, Zhonghua Gate or Yuhua Road Station.
[Nanjing Dengfengtai] Tang Li Bai Phoenix once played here, hence its name, and now it has been abandoned in this river. Martial arts flowers were laid on deserted paths, and the number of relatives and friends in the Jin Dynasty has become a famine.
The mountains are shrouded in clouds, such as blue sky, and the river is divided into two. In a word, clouds can cover the sun and hide his city in my melancholy heart.
Bailuzhou and Fenghuangtai Bailuzhou were originally a sandbar near Qinhuai River mouth in ancient times.
After the river was diverted, Egret Island was connected with the land. Now Bailuzhou Park is adjacent to the Confucius Temple, which was called Xu Taibo Garden, Xu Zhongshan Garden and East Garden in history. It is the East Garden of Xu Da Wang Mi, a middle school in Ming Dynasty.
The East Garden, named Egret Island, began in the early years of the Republic of China. The reason is that there are continents in the lake, surrounded by water, and reeds are planted on the edge of the continent. In autumn, the waterfowl egrets fly, similar to the primitive Egret Island on the Yangtze River. In order to make this famous garden full of poetry and painting, the poet borrowed a poem from Li Bai's Climbing Up in Nanjing and named it "Egret Island". Phoenix Terrace is located on a hill in the southwest corner of the city, and its ruins are in today's Lu Hua Beigang area.
Built in the summer of Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. According to legend, there is Fengxiang set here, which is named Fengtai because of building a platform.
As the Phoenix Terrace was a scenic spot in the Six Dynasties, it was a place for literati to mourn the past, especially in Li Bai's later years, in the second year of Tang Dynasty (76 1), the year before his death, he also boarded the Phoenix Terrace to express his historical lament. Since then, the popularity of Phoenix Terrace has increased rapidly, and it shined brilliantly in the Six Dynasties.
To the Southern Song Dynasty, it was rebuilt several times and finally abandoned. There are Laifeng Street and Fengtai Road today.
[Address] Bailuzhou: The name of the ancient mainland is a sandbar by the river, not the present Bailuzhou Park. Phoenix Terrace: the name of the ancient terrace, so it is near jiqingmen today, in Nanjing Qinhuai Vocational School (formerly No.43 Middle School).
(No.21Lu Hua Beigang). [Route] Bailuzhou: Confucius Temple Scenic Area, No.44 Road, No.304 Road, Pingjiangfu Road.
Phoenix Terrace: No.35 Road, jiqingmen Station; Jiqingmen Station 14, 19, 2 1, 75, 80, 8 1, 305. [Five Questions of Jinling-Wuyi Lane] Tang-Liu Yuxi Weeds beside Zhuque Bridge, and the sunset is oblique at the entrance of Wuyi Lane.
Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people. .
Wuyi Lane and Zhuque Bridge Wuyi Lane are a quiet and narrow alley near Wende Bridge of Confucius Temple on the south bank of Qinhuai River in Nanjing today. Wuyi Lane was named after the camp of the State of Wu in the Three Kingdoms, and all soldiers of the State of Wu wore black clothes.
During the Six Dynasties, it became the former residence of Wang Dao and Xie An, famous figures in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. To commemorate Wang Dao and Xie An, Laiyan Hall was built on the east side of Wuyi Lane. The building is simple and elegant, with portraits of Wang Dao and Xie An hanging in the hall, which is constantly visited by literati.
It has become a place to pay tribute to celebrities in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and express their thoughts on the past. Suzaku Bridge was a pontoon bridge built on Qinhuai River during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and now it is no longer in Zhonghua Gate.
In order to recall Suzaku Bridge, people often regard Zhenhuaihe River as Suzaku Bridge in the past. I don't know how many literati and celebrities come here to express their feelings and pursue the present.
4. the idiom about the south: it refers to traveling to many places. Also refers to wandering.
Guide to attacking the north: from the east to the west.
Yan Southern Yan North: A metaphor for the separation of two places.
Conan's pillow: It refers to a dream.
The south of holding books: a metaphor for an extremely rich collection of books or a deep love for books. Take "There are Books in 100 Cities".
Far apart: describes different regions that are far apart. Also described as rambling.
Through north and south: refers to through north and south.
Runan Morning Chicken: Runan Chicken.
Mr. Nan Guo: Metaphorically, a person has no talent but occupies his own position.
From one place to another: refers to coming and going.
Nanguan: the outstanding talent in the South. Refers to people with outstanding talents and knowledge.
Hundreds of cities in the south: the old metaphor of nobility and wealth. It also means more books.
Nanruan and Beiruan: refer to the same family, living in the same place and having different wealth.
The south wind is indisputable: the south wind: the music of the south; Non-competition: refers to weak music. Originally, the Chu army could not win the war. The opponent in the post-metaphor contest is not strong.
Southern Crown Chu Prisoner: Southern Crown: Chu is in the south, so it is called Southern Crown. This refers to the prisoners of Chu. Later called prisoners of war or prisoners of war.
From south to north: some from south to north, and some from north to south. Also refers to coming and going.
Nanji Beidou: Ji: star name, shaped like a dustpan; Dou: The name of a star is like a cask. Metaphor is nominal.
In the opposite direction: I want to go to the south but the bus goes to the north. Metaphor is the opposite of action and purpose.
Selling north and south: running around to make a living.
Nanshan can be moved: Nanshan: Zhong Nanshan. Metaphor is a foregone conclusion and cannot be changed.
Nanshan iron case: refers to a case that has been decided and cannot be changed.
South China Chu Shi: Metaphorically speaking, people who have no real talent and learning are mixed with experts. With "make up the number".
Riding in the north by China Southern Airlines: describes riding a horse and taking a boat and running north and south.
Nanhu Peeping Lang: It means that the woman peeks at the man.
Southern orange and northern trifoliate orange: trifoliate orange: deciduous shrub, bitter and sour, spherical. Also called orange. Oranges in the south will become bitter oranges when transplanted to the north of Huaihe River. Metaphor means that the same species varies due to different environmental conditions.
Nanman tongue: a southern dialect that was difficult to understand in the old society. Thrush, shrike.
Drive north and south: you ride north and south. Describe riding a horse and taking a boat, running north and south.
Beiyuan in the south suburb: You ride south and north. Describe riding a horse and taking a boat, running north and south.
Southern Expedition and Northern Expedition: Describing the battle to the north and south, and experiencing many battles. Also known as "exploring the north". Also known as "the war of conquering the south and fighting the north"
Northern Expedition: Describe your expedition to the north and experienced many battles.
South branch and north branch: the south branch is warm and the north branch is cold. Metaphor is different from each other.
South Ship North Car: Metaphor is uncertain.
Nanman Tongue: Thrushcross: Shrike. Mencius laughed at Chu people for talking like birds. Later, I used to laugh at people who spoke southern dialects.
South is lonely: south: facing south; Loneliness: the humble title of emperors and generals. Sitting facing south, claiming to be lonely. Refers to the ruling party, claiming to be king.
Ma Nanshan: Metaphorically, the world is peaceful, and no more soldiers are used. Now describe mental paralysis.
Face north and brow south: refers to face facing away from face and ignoring each other. Describe getting along day and night, not seeing each other.
South dream: describe a big dream, or compare it with an empty joy.
South gate of stumpage: stumpage: standing on the ground. Prove with concrete facts that new laws and regulations must be implemented. It is often used to describe winning people's trust.
Jiangnan Haibei: the south of the great river and the north of the sea. Describe the vast territory,
Huainan Dream: It means that life is like a dream, and wealth is impermanent.
Huainan Chicken and Dog: Huainan King Chicken and Dog. Metaphor refers to people who rely on others to gain power.
Haibei Tiannan: Describe that Wan Li is far away and far apart. It also describes different areas.
Regret reading Southland: The classic of Southland is Zhuangzi. The metaphor is profound and unattractive.
North and South of the Yangtze River: refers to the vast areas on both sides of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
East Arrow and South Gold: bamboo arrows in the east and bronze arrow in the south, which was considered as the top grade in ancient times. Metaphor is a valuable talent.
Southeast half: half: half. Refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and its eastern and southern half of the country.
Southeast finch flying: a metaphor for the separation of husband and wife.
North Gate South Teeth: North Gate: General Yulin; South Asia: refers to the prime minister. Refers to civil and military etiquette.
Go south: ① I want to go south, but I drive north. Metaphor is the opposite of behavior and purpose. Cars are coming from north to south. There are no clear signs of pedestrians.
Shortcut to the South: The shortest way to fame and fortune is the gateway. It is also a metaphor for a convenient way to achieve a goal.
Birds flying from the south must nest on branches in the south. Metaphor is an unforgettable hometown.
Far apart: one is in the south of the sky and the other is in the north of the earth. Describe different areas. Also describes the distance is extremely far.
Longevity is better than Nanshan: Longevity is longer than that of Zhong Nanshan. Used to wish people a long life.
War in the south and north: describe the war in the south and north, and have experienced many battles.
South-to-North Tune: Originally refers to the South-to-North Tune of China traditional opera. Now the accent is impure and mixed with dialects.
Conan's dream: describe a great dream, or use an empty happiness as a metaphor.