Nanjing is a nostalgic place for literati of all ages. Many famous literati have left classic poems in Nanjing.
As early as the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Nanjing was the capital at that time, and many literati had left famous poems here, among which Xie Tiao's "Entering the Dynasty Song" is the most famous. The Song of Entering the Dynasty The beautiful land in the south of the Yangtze River, the imperial state of Jinling.
The meandering wind brings green water and leads to the Zhulou.
The road is lined with flying deer, and the ditch is shaded by hanging poplars.
The wings of Ningjia are high, and the drums are stacked to send the flower basket.
If you present a Yuntai watch, you will receive a good reputation.
The Tang Dynasty was the golden age of ancient poetry. How difficult it was for the poet Wang Changling to win the title of "Poet Emperor" in the prosperous Tang Dynasty when there were so many famous people! Wang Changling was also called "Wang Jiangning". According to historical records, he was from Jiangning (i.e. Nanjing) and at least he once did it when he was about forty years old. Cheng of Jiangning County in 1978. During this period, he created many poems depicting the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan, such as "Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Tower" and "Song of Picking Lotus", which are rare masterpieces in the history of poetry.
Li Bai, the "Immortal of Poetry", visited or stayed in Jinling many times in his life. The first time was shortly after he left Shu, when the poet was twenty-six years old. The last time was after he was exiled to Yelang, he was pardoned on the way back and traveled to and from Jinling and Dangtu areas. Soon, he died of illness in Dangtu. Li Bai left many masterpieces in Jinling, among which "Ascending the Phoenix Terrace of Jinling" and "Changgan Xing" are very popular. Climb Jinling Phoenix Terrace. Phoenix travels on the Phoenix Terrace, and the Kongjiang River flows freely when the phoenix leaves the platform. The flowers and plants of the Wu Palace are buried in the secluded paths, and the clothes of the Jin Dynasty are transformed into ancient hills. Beyond the blue sky, the three mountains are halfway down, and the two rivers are divided into Bailuzhou. The floating clouds can always cover the sun, and the absence of Chang'an makes people sad. Changganxing: The concubine's hair first covered her forehead, and there was a drama in front of the door.
The man came riding a bamboo horse and went around the bed to pick green plums.
Living together in Changqianli, the two children have no doubts.
The fourteenth year is a gentleman's wife, and her face has not yet shown her shame.
Lowering your head towards the dark wall, you will never hear a thousand calls.
I raise my eyebrows at the age of fifteen, willing to be like dust and ashes.
How can I go to the husband-watching platform if I always keep the letter holding the pillar?
The Sixteenth Lord is traveling far away, and Qutang Yan is ready to pile up.
The month of May is untouchable, and the apes cry out in mourning from the sky.
There are no signs of movement in front of the door, and there is green moss all over the place.
The moss is too deep to be swept away, and the leaves fall early in the autumn wind.
In August, butterflies come and fly on the grass in the west garden.
Feeling this hurts my heart, and I sit there worrying about my beauty getting old.
Get off the bus in the morning and evening and send the book home in advance.
It’s not far to meet each other, until the wind blows. Du Fu, the "Sage of Poetry", also came to Jinling. Jinsu Nunnery, an alley near Fenghuang Terrace, is named after Du Fu's poem. When Du Fu was in his twenties, he roamed around Jinling and visited places of interest. What he will never forget the most is Gu Kaizhi's large-scale mural "Statue of Vimalakirti", one of the three wonders of Waguan Temple. His friend Jiangning Xu Ba saw that he loved this painting so much, so he gave him a copy of the painting. Du Fu wrote a five-character rhyme "Sending Xu Ba Shi back to Jiangning Province". In the past, he visited this county as a guest and saw the Vimalakirti Pattern at the Wagguan Temple where Xu was born. "End of Zhi Zhu Chapter". Later, people in Jinling built Jinsu Nunnery based on Du Fu's poetry and called a nearby alley Jinsu Nunnery.
There were many poets in the Tang Dynasty who sang about Jinling. The poet Cui Hao visited Changganli and Hengtang. Wrote two "Changgan Qu". This song is close to a folk song, simple and vivid, just like the spoken word: "Where does your family live? I live in Hengtang. I stopped the boat for a while to ask, maybe I am from the same hometown." "My home is close to the water of Jiujiang, and I come and go on the side of Jiujiang. We are both long-term. "I haven't known each other since I was a child." (Jiujiang: generally refers to the Yangtze River system)
The poet Wei Zhuang's "Taicheng" is also always recognized as a masterpiece: "The rivers are raining and the grass is flowing, and the six dynasties are like a dream of birds in the sky." Cry. The most ruthless willow is Taicheng, still smoked on the ten-mile embankment. "
Liu Yuxi wrote "Five Questions of Jinling", among which "Stone City" and "Woyi Lane" were the most influential.
The motherland is surrounded by mountains in Stone City and Wuyi Lane, and the city is lonely in the empty city. There are wild grasses and flowers beside Zhuque Bridge, and the sun sets at the entrance of Wuyi Alley. In the old days on the east side of the Huai River, the moon came over the female wall late at night. In the old days, the swallows in front of Wang Xietang flew into the homes of ordinary people.
Du Mu also left a famous article in Jinling. He wrote in "Moving in Qinhuai": The smoke cage is cold, the water is moonlit, and the gauze is covered. I parked in Qinhuai at night, close to the restaurant. The merchant girl does not know the hatred of the country's subjugation, but she still sings the flowers in the backyard across the river. The melancholy scenery and faint sadness in the poem are harmoniously unified. Another quatrain of "Jiang Nanchun" describes the prosperity of Buddhist temples in the Southern Dynasties: The orioles are singing in thousands of miles, the green is reflected in red, and the wine and flags are blowing in the mountains and rivers of water. There are four hundred and eighty temples in the Southern Dynasty, and there are many towers in the mist.
Li Shangyin’s poems involving Nanjing include "Ode to History", "Southern Dynasties", etc. Ode to History The Dai River in North Hunan is full of water, with flags lowered and poles hundreds of feet tall. Three hundred years of dreaming at dawn, where is the dragon's plate in Zhongshan? A poem in "Southern Dynasties" reveals that the ruling class indulged in women's sex, was arrogant and licentious, leading to the destruction of the country: "The jade in Xuanwu Lake is leaking, and the cockcrow is embroidered at the mouth. Who said Qiong Shu was not as good as the Golden Lotus when he came to court? The enemy's army camp was filled with driftwood and the temple was covered with smoke. The scholars in the palace were all in disgrace. Jiang Ling was only wasting his talent back then!"
The poets of the Song Dynasty also paid great attention to Jinling. Among the many poets, the great politician and writer Wang Anshi had the closest relationship with Jinling and wrote many epic poems and landscape poems. His lyrics about Jinling are also very distinctive. "Guizhixiang·Jinling Nostalgia" has always been the most praised and praised as the last song. Osmanthus fragrant·Jinling comes to see the ancients in retrospect. It is the late autumn of my motherland and the weather is beginning to be calm. Thousands of miles of clear river looks like a train, and the green peaks are like clusters. The expedition sails to the setting sun, with the west wind at our back and the wine flag standing slantingly. The clouds on the colorful boat are light, the herons are rising on the stars and rivers, and it is difficult to draw a picture. Thinking about the past, prosperous competition. Sighing at the top of the building outside the door, sadness and hatred continue. For thousands of years, I have been lamenting the honor and disgrace over this. The old events of the Six Dynasties flow with the flowing water, but the cold smoke fades and the grass turns green. To this day, Shang Nu still sings the remaining song "Back Court" all the time.
Zhou Bangyan, the most accomplished poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, was appointed magistrate of Lishui County (Lishui County belongs to Nanjing) when he was nearly forty years old and was praised by the local people. During this period, he wrote many excellent poems, among which "Xihe·Jinling Nostalgia" is the most famous.
Lu You, the outstanding patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, also came to Nanjing, then known as Jiankang, three times and left excellent poems. In 1178, the fifty-five-year-old Lu You boarded the Jiankang Heart-Appreciating Pavilion and couldn't help but think about it. I remember that when Xiaozong negotiated peace with the Jin people, he wrote to the court and advocated moving the capital to Jiankang for recovery. Today I went to Jiankang again. I was moved by the scene and wrote Qilu "Deng Xinxin Pavilion": "...The clouds and melons on the dark river are raining, and the autumn leaves on the stone city are rustling. The lonely minister is worried about the time, and he has shed tears when he wants to move the capital. ."
Yang Wanli, another famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, is as famous as Lu You, You Miao and Fan Chengda, and is also known as the "Four Southern Song Dynasty poets". His poems became a style of his own, and were called "Yang Chengzhai style" at that time. In the second year of Shaoxi (1191), Yang Wanli served in Jiankang (deputy envoy to Jiangdong) for two years and wrote many poems praising the landscape, gardens, local customs and customs. "The dawn in Jinling is still cold in June, and there is less noise when it is close to the north. All the birds have been cooked and half-opened daylilies have been turned over. The top of Dulong Gang is green, and the head of the cross river is a trace of green. Nine counties have reported that it has rained enough. "Planting rice and harvesting wheat in Xicun Village." This song "Summer Miscellaneous" shows us the busy farming scene in the suburbs at that time.
Xin Qiji, a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, came to Jiankang many times and wrote many generous and tragic poems, which are still recited today. In "Niannujiao·Dengjiankang Shangxin Pavilion, presenting the history and staying behind to guide the way", he wrote: "I came to pay tribute to the past, go up to the dangerous building, and win thousands of dendrobiums of leisure and sorrow. Where are the tigers and dragons? There are only rises and falls. The setting sun outside the willows , return to the waterside, the trees are blowing on the long wind, who is blowing the frost bamboo? But I remember Anshi's romance, Dongshan is old, and the children's achievements are given, but the chess game is gone for a long time. It's hard to find, the blue clouds are approaching dusk, who advises the green in the cup? The wind is angry at the head of the river, and the waves are rolling over the house in the morning. "This poem not only describes the scenery of Nanjing's "beautiful land", but also expresses the patriotic feelings of unrealized aspirations.