At first glance, Dube's quatrains are pure scenery, showing no emotion. Read it carefully, but as Luo Dajing said: "The first two sentences look at whether there is business between the two rooms, and the last two sentences look at everything inappropriately", which contains a "true joy" of the poet. This kind of writing, that is, the so-called "melting feelings in the mountains and rivers, trusting thoughts in the wind and cloud table" (Yu). No wonder Wang Guowei said, "All scenery words are sentimental words."
Emotion and scenery are two elements of poetry creation. "Landscape is the medium of poetry, and emotion is the embryo of poetry", "Loneliness is not self-contained, and the two are not antagonistic" (in Xie Zhen). Emotion is born of scenery, and scenery is combined with emotion. The two grow and penetrate each other, thus achieving a state of seamless integration, thus producing a wonderful poetic artistic conception. Gu Jieyuan said: "The author is excited by ambition and shaken by things. Ambition and things are incompatible when the standard is mentioned, and a beautiful shape comes out. " In the present words, emotion is materialized by scenery, and scenery is imaged by emotion, which is the basic content of the poet's imagery thinking and artistic conception. And touching the scenery-touching the scenery-melting the scenery has become one of the basic ways to create poetic artistic conception. Although Hu Yinglin once praised the five-character poem "Farewell to Vice Governor Du to be an official in Shu", he said: "Those who have no scenery, graceful images and pale spirits, are really the first to open up." Zhang Jie also said that "this is what everyone has in common", while Du Fu said that "the scene is good or not". In other words, poetry is mainly about love, and there is no scenery in poetry, so you can't write a good poem from the beginning. The banks of the Yellow River recaptured by the imperial army are called Du Fu's "the first quick poem in life", which is just right: "There is only one topic, and the rest are all love stories". However, judging from the national tradition of China's classical poetry, the blending of scene and scene marks the basic aesthetic taste and ideal of our nation. Classical poetry often expresses feelings by scenery, which makes poetry and painting highly integrated. It is artistically implicit and poetic, which makes people read leisurely and far-reaching.
Poetry, either expresses feelings through scenery, or lives in scenery, or loves scenery. The scenery written in it not only plays a normative role in the feelings expressed by the poet, but also shows the trend of the poet's thoughts and feelings, making the poet's inner and even abstract feelings externalized, objectified and objectified, thus strengthening the image, concreteness and vividness of poetry. Moreover, "deep feelings" and "deeper feelings in the scene" further strengthen the aesthetic feeling of poetry and are intriguing. Liu Xizai put it well: "'I am dead, and the willows are reluctant. I think it will rain today. Deep and elegant, I am using scenery to express my feelings. If you don't talk about scenery, what's the point of saying that spring will come and winter will come? "A short poem" Yi Shui Ge ":"The wind is rustling and the water is cold, and the strong man is gone forever! "After thousands of years, people's hearts can still be felt, even because they are good at writing scenery." Never describe it, just polish it a little, that is, it is really obvious, and the rhyme is like a cloud "("Lv Shi Yong Yu ").
Poetry with a blend of scenes makes people feel as if they are in their own place and feel the same. Poems with mixed scenes, real scenes and empty feelings, and the combination of reality and fiction are "wonderful in fiction and wonderful in fact"; The scenery is limited and the feelings are infinite, and the finite and infinite are unified. Fortunately, it is "near and not taking, far and inexhaustible." This can often be done as Mei said: "The scenery that is difficult to write is like now, and there are endless opinions", while "the author has his heart and the viewer knows", and each enjoys the beauty brought by creation and appreciation.
It is true that in two cases, emotion is the main and the scene is obedience. Therefore, writing scenery for the sake of self-narration, even if the sound, light, color and state are all available, the sun and the moon overlap and the mountains and rivers are beautiful, will not produce touching power, which is not enough to produce poetic artistic conception. Dayu (spiritual luck) and Xiao Xie (sigh) are sometimes criticized by later generations, just because their poems are often full of scenery without much emotion. Not to mention some imitations, descriptions of scenery, piling up, and lack of true feelings, which stifled the life of poetry. Affection is the life of poetry, and poets must "show their true feelings". Otherwise, "this is unintentional and cannot be integrated into the landscape." Fei Jingyu put it well: "... there are no poems in the green mountains, green waters, white clouds and mangroves, but they must know how to use them, so they should not be regarded as poems."