Appreciation of Qinhuai Miscellaneous Poems (Wang Shizhen)

I have been heartbroken for many years and dream of going to the Qinhuai River balcony. In the rainy wind of 10 day, the thick spring smoke is like autumn. This poem was written in the 18th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (166 1), and it is the first poem in the group of Qinhuai Miscellaneous Poems. At the beginning, I wrote, "My heart has been broken for many years." Zhu Ling is Jinling. The poem "Poem on a heartbroken day" is not a sigh of a wandering heart in the end of the world, nor is it a worry about the gains and losses of "celebrating the past and enjoying the reputation", nor is it a lingering feeling of affection. The poet's "heartbroken" is for the Qinhuai River, for its prosperous past and for its declining present. The poet came here not to dream of the past, but to repeat his heartfelt songs, and to express his deep affection for ups and downs, ruthlessness to history, and giant claws to life through the rise and fall of Qinhuai. The author feels sad and alert to this change. The whole poem is a freehand brushwork with heavy sadness. The first two sentences directly express this feeling with vivid brushstrokes: for more than a year, I have been boating on the river, letting the sadness in my heart flow with the river, listening to the water shed tears and telling the prosperous old dreams, and the river remains the same, and the good times are hard-won, adding new worries. The poet's feelings, like dreams, can never be separated from this Qinhuai River. This dream seems to be neither a dream nor a dream. It is said that it is a dream because the poet is worried and indulged in emotional contradictions that cannot be erased, so that he becomes a dream because of emotion, crosses the barriers of time and space, looks for traces of the past and seeks historical explanations.

Qinhuai Miscellaneous Poems (Ⅰ)

Wang Shizhen

In recent years, I have been heartbroken about "The Boat of Muring" and dream of going to the balcony of Qinhuai River. In the rainy wind of 10 day, the thick spring smoke is like autumn.

In the eighteenth year of Qing Shunzhi (166 1), Wang Shizhen was an official in Yangzhou, went to Jinling on business, lived beside Qinhuai, and wrote a group of twenty Qinhuai miscellaneous poems, all about Qinhuai. This poem is the first in a series of poems, always writing about the feelings of Qinhuai River.

The first couplet suddenly appeared, and the poet was at the Qinhuai River in Jinling, feeling depressed and sad. "Moling" was changed from Jinling to Moling in the Qin Dynasty, which is now Nanjing. The poet came to Qinhuai River and described his "heartbroken" and "wandering dreams", exposing his personal feelings naked. According to common sense, you can't "break your heart" without worrying; If you don't think about it, you can't talk about it. However, why did the poet miss the story of "heartbroken Mo Lingzhou in recent years" and why did he dream of Qinhuai Water Tower? It is not clear in the poem that the bottom line is to write the scenery backwards to set off this situation: "In the ten-day rain and wind, the spring smoke is like autumn." The misty rain is a major feature of the spring scenery in Jiangnan, but is the "ten-day rain" suspected of "continuous rain"? Different moods make different feelings. The poet's feeling is very surprising: the thick spring scenery that originally gave people a special aesthetic feeling is now as bleak as "the last autumn" in his eyes. The sharp contrast reflects the poet's anguish and sadness on the Qinhuai River, which makes the whole poem full of charm and sadness.

Why does the poet have such a state of mind on the Qinhuai River? If you contact the whole set of poems, you will see words praising the legacy of the Ming Dynasty, such as praising Xu Da Mansion as "the great achievement of Zhumen and Cao Wu"; Yong Nanming's royal old garden is "the old garden has never been overgrown with weeds and wasted"; With the geisha in the old courtyard near Qinhuai, they said that "respecting white hair is the only way to talk about Tianbao and getting rid of Du Shiniang"; When we arrived at Mochou Lake, there was even more "the sad spring tide of the years, I don't believe the name of the lake is Mochou", all of which revealed the sigh of dynasty change and the sorrow of the demise of the previous dynasty. If we contact the poet's life again, we can guess that this poem is mourning the demise of the Ming Dynasty. Wang Shizhen spent his childhood in the Ming Dynasty. As adherents of the Ming Dynasty, his grandfather and father both retired to the Qing Dynasty and lived in seclusion. Wang Shizhen He came to Jinling, the old capital of Nanming, to see the scenery of the old dynasty and feel the prosperity of the Qinhuai River, and his nostalgia naturally showed. Although this point is not clear as far as this poem is concerned, the sadness revealed in the poem is very easy to arouse people's association and * * * sound when the Ming Dynasty perished in the early Qing Dynasty and there were many adherents of the Ming Dynasty. Inadvertently presenting the inside story, leaving readers with rich reverie, can also be regarded as the success of the poet.

The theory of "verve" of poetry advocated by Wang Shizhen advocates that poetry should be implicit and connotative, and emphasizes the realm of "antelope hanging on the horn, without trace to be found". It is he who insists on practicing his masterpiece, which makes people feel a lot but is difficult to refer to real poetry. (Gong Xiaowei)