Author: Li Bai
A bright moon rises from Qilian Mountain and crosses the vast sea of clouds.
The mighty wind blew Wan Li and crossed Yumen Pass.
At that time, Han soldiers pointed at the mountain road, and Tubo coveted the vast territory of Qinghai.
This is a land of wars in past dynasties, and few soldiers can survive.
The garrison soldier looked at the remote border town, and his hometown could not help but look sad.
The soldier's wife looked at the tower and lamented when she would see her relatives far away.
Precautions:
Guan Shanyue: the title of Yuefu Hengchui Song. Deng Bai: Today there is a Deng Bai in the east of Datong. Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, led an army against Xiongnu and was besieged for seven days.
(1) Guan Shanyue: Ancient Yuefu poems, expressing feelings of parting and sadness.
② Tianshan Mountain: refers to Qilian Mountain, located at the junction of Qinghai and Gansu provinces.
③ Yumenguan: In the west of Dunhuang, Gansu, it is the main road leading to the western regions in ancient times.
④ Baden: Deng Baishan, in the northeast of Datong City today. Xiongnu once besieged Liu Bang here. Hu: This refers to Tubo. Peep: Have intention.
⑤ Garrison: Soldiers stationed in the frontier. Border town: also called "border color". "Border town" generally refers to border areas in ancient times.
6. Tall buildings: In ancient poetry, tall buildings are often called boudoir, referring to the wives of soldiers guarding the border.
Appreciation of Guan Shanyue's Poetry 2 Li Bai
A bright moon rises from Qilian Mountain and crosses the vast sea of clouds.
The mighty wind blew Wan Li and crossed Yumen Pass.
At that time, Han soldiers pointed at the mountain road, and Tubo coveted the vast territory of Qinghai.
This is a land of wars in past dynasties, and few soldiers can survive.
The soldiers turned and looked at the border, thinking of home with longing eyes.
The soldier's wife looked at the tower and lamented when she would see her relatives far away.
Rhyme translation
The bright moon rises from Qilian Mountain and floats gently in the confused sea of clouds.
Changfeng set off dust and sand and swept through Wan Li, and Yumenguan was closed by layers of wind and sand.
Baden Road is full of flags of the Han army, but Green Bay is the place where the Hu people peep.
Since ancient times, fighters have never seen anyone alive in this place where they fought and killed.
Who doesn't frown and want to go home when the recruiter guarding the border faces the reality?
Tonight, the four couples and concubines in the high building should sigh without sleep.
Make an appreciative comment
"Guan Shanyue" is an old topic in Yuefu. An Interpretation of Yuefu Ancient Poems: "'Guan Shanyue' grieves for his death." This poem of Li Bai inherits the ancient Yuefu in content, but it has been greatly improved.
The first four sentences can be said to be a vast frontier fortress picture containing three elements: Guan, Shan and Yue. In general literary works, we often see descriptions such as "the moon rises from the East China Sea" or "the moon rises from the East Mountain", and Tianshan seems to be the place where the moon sets in the west of China. Why do you say "the bright moon rises from the mountain in the sky"? It turns out that this is from the perspective of recruiting people. Looking back at the east, you can see the bright moon rising from Tianshan Mountain. Although Tianshan Mountain is not close to the sea, it is opposite to the sea of clouds. The poet combines the vast sea of clouds and the majestic Tianshan Mountains, which seems to be more common only after crossing the sea, and it is fresh and spectacular. Such a realm may be unsustainable in the face of ordinary poets with weak talents, but Li Bai is full of pen power. Next, "and the wind comes from thousands of miles, hitting Yumenguan battlements" is broader than the previous two sentences. Yang Qixian in the Song Dynasty seems to be afraid of problems with Wan Li, saying, "Tianshan Mountain is not too far from Yumenguan, but those who talk about Wan Li are like the moon from Tianshan Mountain, not from Tianshan Mountain." It seems safe to explain "Wan Li" with the imaginary distance from the bright moon to Yumenguan, but Li Bai is talking about the length of "Changfeng", not the distance from the bright moon to the earth. In fact, these two sentences are still from the perspective of the garrison. Standing in the moonlight on the northwest border, the foot soldiers looked at their homeland, feeling that the wind was mighty, as if crossing the Central Plains of Wan Li and Yumenguan. If we relate it with the poem "Autumn wind blows my heart to the jade gate forever" in Li Bai's Midnight Wu Ge, the meaning of this poem will be more clear. In this way, combined with the above description, it is characterized by Changfeng, Yue Ming, Tianshan and Yumenguan, forming the frontier fortress map of Wan Li. On the surface, it seems that only natural scenery is written here, but as long as you put yourself in the other's shoes, it is easy to feel the feeling of missing the countryside.
"China's army marched along Deng Bai Road, while the Tatar army peeped in the blue waters of the bay. Because there is no famous battle in history that sent all the soldiers back. " This is a battle scene superimposed on the first four vast frontier natural scenes. Next, point out the soldiers. Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, led troops to levy the Xiongnu and was besieged by the Xiongnu for seven days in Deng Bai (now Datong West). The Green Bay area is a place where Tang Jun and Tubo fought for years. The endless wars of past dynasties made it almost impossible for soldiers who had never gone to war to see anyone alive in their hometown. These four sentences play a connecting role in the structure, describing the transformation object from frontier fortress to war and from war to garrison.
The soldiers turned and looked at the border, thinking of home with longing eyes. And those rooms above tonight, tossing and turning, sighing, can't rest. "The soldiers looked at the scene of the border, thinking of their hometown, and their faces were full of sadness. They speculate that in this vast moonlit night, the wife in the tall building will never stop sighing. The word "looking at the frontier" seems to be casually written in Li Bai's works, but it closely links Wan Li's frontier fortress and battle scenes with "guarding the guests". What you see is so vast and distant. The soldiers' thinking and imagination of women in tall buildings, as well as their sighs, are particularly profound in such a broad background.
Looking at the endless ethnic conflicts in the ancient frontier, the poet revealed the great sacrifices brought by the war and the pain brought to countless expropriated people and their families, but did not simply condemn or praise the war. The poet seems to be thinking about the heavy price paid by generations for this! Faced with such contradictions, poets, recruiters and even readers can easily arouse a desire. This desire is not directly expressed in the poem, but the idea that "a soldier is a sharp weapon, but a saint has to use it" (The Battle of the South) is easy for readers to produce when reading this work.
The feeling of leaving others and thinking about women is often delicate and too sad in the works of ordinary poets, and correspondingly, the realm is often narrow. But Li Bai used "the bright moon hanging high in the sky, the vast sea of clouds." The wind, thousands of miles, blowing Yumenguan battlements "Wan Li frontier fortress figure caused this feeling. Only a broad-minded person like Li Bai can write like this. Hu Yinglin commented in the Ming Dynasty: "Among the Hunxiong, several are elegant." If "leisure and elegance" is understood as not limited to a certain moment, but having broader and calmer thinking, then his comments are very appropriate. Taking the vast space-time as the background, and combining the homesickness and parting feelings in this kind of thinking, it develops a far-reaching artistic conception, which is beyond the reach of other poets. (Yu Shucheng)
Appreciation of Three Original Poems by Guan Shanyue
In March and May of Guanshan, guests recalled Qinchuan.
Think of a woman upstairs, when the window should be awake.
The stars and stripes are reflected in Shule, and Qilian is on the cloud.
This is the fighting spirit. I stayed in the army for several years.
Creation background
In the second year of Liang Wudi Taiqing (548), Xu Ling was ordered to go to the Eastern Wei Dynasty. However, he was forced to stay in Yecheng for seven years because of the Hou Jing Rebellion, so his poetic style changed and he wrote some poems full of true feelings, which was praised by people. Guan Shanyue is a poem written in this period to describe the frontier fortress scenery.
Appreciation of poetry and prose
Guan Shanyue is an infectious lyric poem of the richest man. It quotes stories from the Han Dynasty to describe the lovesickness and sadness between couples who left because of the war. The poet skillfully used the fifteenth full moon as an introduction to express his deep affection. Although this poem is only concise in eight sentences and forty words, it is vividly written, showing a picture of missing each other. With profound foundation, brilliant artistic conception and concise language, the poet successfully created this new work on ancient topics. There are three poems worthy of appreciation and taste.
First of all, I feel that I am also worried about state affairs and family affairs. In my poem, I described the border war and the pursuit of husband and wife. At that time, it was also an eventful autumn, with frequent wars, which affected the peace of the country and the people, and the people's families were reunited and happy. The poet grasped the feeling of missing family members in the conscription in the frontier fortress as a writing point, wrote the feelings of the families of expeditionary soldiers, and showed sympathy for the conscription far away from their relatives and condemnation of the war. The success of this poem lies in its reality and popularity, and it has got rid of the poverty of palace poetry.
Secondly, the artistic conception and design of poetry. Based on the fifteen-night moon as a clue, this paper lures veterans to miss their wives under the frontier fortress, and the wives upstairs miss their husbands, expressing the feelings of lovesickness and resentment between the two places in the blending of scenes. The last four sentences turn back to the hearts of recruiters in the frontier fortress: the war is still raging, there is no hope of returning to the field, and there is no limit to worry. In fact, it is also corresponding that Sifu looks at the frontier in a high-rise building and has no sleep, suggesting that Sifu is worried sadly and hopes to get together as soon as possible. Such an idea is subtly highlighted: resentment against war; Sympathize with the separation of husband and wife; It brings more sadness to the beauty of the full moon.
Third, the language application is concise and mellow, and the words are used properly to enhance the meaning. Eight sentences and forty words are concise and clear. It is more desirable, murderous and fascinating to look at the tense situation and striking atmosphere in the war with "tall buildings", "clouds" and "fighting spirit" and to look at the flags flying on the towers with "reflections". "Complexity" is more prominent, and the date of return is far away. This also reveals the poet's skillful poetic language and usual skills.