Compassion for the Farmers (Tang Dynasty) Li Shen was hoeing the crops at noon, and sweat was dripping from the soil under the crops. Who knows that every meal on the plate is a hard work. [Notes] 1. Mercy: mercy. 2. Hoeing: Use a hoe to loosen the soil around the seedlings. [Brief Analysis] This poem is about the hardship of labor and the hard-won fruits of labor. The first and second lines of the poem "It's noon on the day of hoeing, and the sweat drips from the soil" depict that farmers are still working in the fields at noon under the scorching sun. These two lines of poems choose specific scenes to vividly describe the hardships of labor. . With these two specific descriptions, the exclamation and warning of the third and fourth sentences, "Who knows how hard it is to eat every grain on the plate" are saved from empty and abstract preaching, and become flesh-and-blood mottos with far-reaching implications. This poem does not focus on specific people or events. It reflects not the experiences of individual people, but the life and destiny of the entire peasantry. The poet chose relatively typical life details and well-known facts to profoundly expose the unreasonable social system. Telling people that they should save things and not waste them on expression techniques. The author uses mutual comparison and contrasting methods, which not only gives people a clear and strong impression, but also is thought-provoking, leaving the readers to think about the issues themselves, thereby achieving better results. . About the author: Li Shen (772-846), courtesy name Gongchui, was born in Wuxi, Qizhou (now Wuxi, Jiangsu). Poet of Tang Dynasty. [Edit this paragraph] Li Shen's Poem of Compassion for Farmers 2 Compassion for Farmers Li Shen of the Tang Dynasty Planted one grain of millet in spring and harvested ten thousand millet grains in autumn. There is no idle land in the four seas, and farmers are still starving to death. [Notes] 1. Mercy: mercy. 2． Millet: (sù) millet, millet. This generally refers to grain seeds. 3. You: More. 4: Sihai: everywhere, all over the world. [Brief Analysis] This is a poem that exposes social injustice and sympathizes with the suffering of farmers. It focuses on the cruel exploitation of farmers in the old society. The first and second sentences "Sow one grain of millet in spring and harvest ten thousand grains in autumn." The words "sowing in spring" and "harvesting in autumn" summarize the labor of farmers. From "a grain of millet" to "ten thousand seeds", the scene of a good harvest is vividly written. The third sentence, "There is no idle field in the world," further states that all the land in the country has been cultivated, and no field is idle. The semantics of this sentence and the previous two sentences complement each other, and then show the scene of a fruitful and golden harvest. The hard work of the working people has created such huge wealth. In the year of good harvest, they should have enough food and clothing, right? Unexpectedly, the ending sentence is "The farmer is still starving to death." This is really shocking! The word "Jew" is thought-provoking: Who deprived the farmers of the fruits of their labor and put them to death? The three words "still starving to death" extremely profoundly expose social injustice and embody the poet's strong indignation and sincere sympathy. About the author: Li Shen (772-846), courtesy name Gongchui, was born in Wuxi, Qizhou (now Wuxi, Jiangsu). Poet of Tang Dynasty. [Edit this paragraph] Li Shen's Poem of Compassion for Farmers 3: Helping the plow on the ridge, The hands sow the seeds and the belly grows hungry. There is a shuttle girl weaving under the window. She is weaving with her hands and has no clothes. I wish Yan Zhaoshu to turn into a maiden. A smile is worthless, and it will naturally make the country fat. Of Li Shen's three poems about compassion for farmers, people have only seen the first two for thousands of years. This third "Poetry of Compassion for the Farmers" was passed to the imperial palace, but where did it go after that? It was not until modern times that people discovered it in the Tang Dynasty poetry scrolls in the Dunhuang Grottoes. [Edit this paragraph] The story about Li Shen’s poems about farmers. During the Tang Dynasty, a great poet named Li Shen came out of Bozhou. Li Shen was eager to learn since he was a child, and he won the Jinshi at the age of twenty. Seeing that he was knowledgeable and talented, the emperor recruited him to be a bachelor of the Imperial Academy. One summer, Li Shen returned to his hometown of Bozhou to visit relatives and friends. It happened that Li Fengji, the military governor of eastern Zhejiang Province, was returning to the court to report something, and he was passing through Bozhou. The two were Jinshi scholars in the same ranking, and they were literary and poetic friends. They reunited after a long separation, so naturally they had to spend a day together. On this day, Li Shen and Li Fengji joined hands to board the Guanjia Terrace in the east of the city. The two of them looked into the distance, their hearts up and down. Li Fengji sighed with emotion and recited a poem, the last two sentences of which were: "How can it be that thousands of miles of road to the countryside, moving to different posts over the years is like being on the stage." Meaning, it would be great if promotion could be as quick as taking the stage. Li Shen was moved by another scene at this time. When he saw the farmers in the fields hoeing the ground under the hot sunshine, he couldn't help but sigh, and casually chanted: "It's noon on the day of hoeing, and the sweat is dripping from the soil." Who knows that every grain of rice on the plate is hard work! After hearing this, Li Fengji said: "Okay, okay! This song is so good! It's not easy to get a porridge or a meal!" Li Shen looked up to the sky and sighed, and then He also chanted: Plant one grain of millet in spring and harvest ten thousand seeds in autumn. There is no idle land in the world, and farmers are still starving to death! When Li Fengji heard this, he thought, Oh my god, isn’t this exposing the shortcomings of the imperial court? This boy is so bold. When he returned to the study, Li Fengji said to Li Shen: “Brother, can you change the two words you just chanted? If you copy the poem and give it to me, it won't be a waste of time for the two of us to travel together." Li Shen pondered for a while and said, "The poem is only three or four words long. My brother has heard it, so he will naturally remember it. Why copy it? If he must write it down, it is better to write it in another way. Write a poem as a gift." Li Fengji could only say: "That's fine, that's fine." So Li Shen wrote another poem: "Plowing on the ridge, sowing with hands, growing hungry." There is a shuttle girl weaving under the window. She is weaving with her hands and has no clothes. I wish Yan Zhaoshu to turn into a maiden. A smile is worthless, and it will naturally make the country fat. After writing it, give it to Li Fengji for correction. Li Fengji read it and felt that this poem was more specific in criticizing the court than the previous two poems. The next day, Li Fengji said goodbye to Li Shen and went to Beijing.
Li Fengji was very nice to Li Shen on the surface, but in his heart he wanted to use him as a stepping stone to advance to a higher level. When he returned to the court, he immediately slandered the emperor and said: "Long live the Qi Dynasty, there is Li Shen, a scholar of the Hanlin Academy, writing anti-poetry to vent his personal anger." Emperor Wu Zong was shocked and asked hurriedly: "How can you see this?" Li Fengji quickly copied Li Shen's poem. Offer. Emperor Wuzong summoned Li Shen to the Golden Palace and took out the poem. Li Shen looked at it and said, "This is what I wrote when I saw the suffering of the people after returning to my hometown. I hope your majesty will understand it!" said Wuzong. "I have been living in the high hall for a long time and have forgotten the people's sentiments. It is my fault, and I owe it to you to remind me. Now I grant you the right servant of Shangshu, so that you can deal with the affairs of the Shang Dynasty and govern the country and the people." Li Shen kowtowed and said, "Thank you, Your Majesty!" Wu Zong added. He said, "Thanks to Li Fengji's recommendation for this matter." Li Shen was extremely grateful to Li Fengji. As for Li Fengji, he was shocked and frightened when he heard that Li Shen had been promoted to an official. Just as he was trembling with fear, Li Shen came to express his gratitude to him. Li Fengji was even more in the dark, so he had no choice but to laugh it off. Soon, Li Fengji was transferred to Yunnan Observation Envoy and demoted. Only then did he feel that he had stolen the chicken but lost the rice. Of Li Shen's three poems about pity for farmers, people have only seen the first two for thousands of years. This third "Poem of Compassion for the Farmers" was passed to the imperial palace, but where did it go after that? It was only in modern times that people discovered it in the Tang Dynasty poetry scrolls in the Dunhuang Grottoes. [Edit this paragraph] 2. Other poems showing compassion for farmers. Compassion for farmers. God has no mercy for farmers, and yellow winds are rising all over the land. Without clouds, it is difficult to rain, and the people have little harvest. Comment: The four lines of this poem all follow the order of cause and effect. The first sentence "God shows no mercy to farmers" uses personification to highlight the ruthlessness of God. The second sentence starts with "God is not merciful to farmers", which leads to "yellow wind rises all over the land". The third sentence "It is difficult to rain without clouds" means that the yellow wind blows away the clouds, so there is a drought and no rain. The last sentence says that there is a drought and no rain. The result: "The people have little harvest", which leads to the theme of the whole poem. The whole poem is as clear as words and has a deep charm. It shows compassion for the hardships of people's livelihood in its simple narrative, and it makes you cry when you read it. ．Feeling sad. Hundreds of villages have been suffering from drought for many years. There is no moisture in the ground. Autumn has come and there is no moisture. Comments: Moisture is a term used in agricultural production. ", there is no moisture in the ground." It describes that the soil deep underground has no moisture at all due to droughts for many years. The last two sentences, "God is lazy to rain, and autumn is empty again" use anthropomorphic writing to express the hopelessness of a good harvest in autumn. Disappointment. There are rain clouds floating in the sky. There is no rain but wind. There are no shadows in the fields during the day, but the moon shines on the weeping people. Comment: When there is drought and rain, it seems that it will rain. The rainy clouds are often blown away by a gust of wind. The first two sentences, "Rain clouds are coming from the sky, but there is no rain, only wind." This is the kind of helplessness that makes people feel happy and sad at first, and the last two sentences, "White." "There are no shadows of farmers in the fields during the day, but the moon shines on the farmers weeping for crops at night." The sun is hot during the day, and no shadows of farmers can be seen in the fields, but the moon at night can shine on the farmers crying for crops. Reading this poem makes me feel sad. People's livelihood is so difficult, it's really sad. On a drought day, the neighbors in the east fight for water. The neighbors in the west take the opportunity to irrigate the fields for one and a half minutes. Comments: The author lives in the Luliang Mountains for ten years. Every time there is a drought, there will be fights among farmers over water. This poem records a funny scene in which the "west neighbor" took advantage of the "east neighbor" to fight for water and stole water to irrigate the fields. The first two sentences describe the plot of illegal irrigation. The third sentence, "One and a half minutes of watering in three hours," highlights the lack of water in the local area, which further reflects the "fighting between neighbors in the east" and "private irrigation in the west" at that time. The inevitability of the local area. The last sentence, "It's hard to be restless", describes the panic of the west neighbor when he secretly poured water, and expresses the author's sympathy for the "east neighbor" and "west neighbor" who are living in the same drought in early August. Since ancient times, the rain has caused thousands of millet farmers to harvest red dates. The rain falls on the second day of August, and the rice farmers are worried about the drought. Comments: Red dates are drought-resistant and do not like rain, so if there is a drought, the millet and red dates will be harvested. The poem says that on the second day of August, all the millet and millet have been sunburned, and there is no hope of a good harvest of red dates. However, a heavy rain has ruined the dreams of the jujube farmers and failed to bring any benefits to the rice farmers. Hope. The first two sentences, "Since ancient times, there has been a drought and the red dates have been harvested, and thousands of households have stopped drying the rice fields." The tragic experience of "Mi Valley" tells people that although there is no hope for the rice fields, the red dates harvest is about to be harvested. The bitterness is obvious. , but after all, it left people with a trace of joy. The last two sentences, "The rain fell on the second day of August, and the rice fields were empty and the jujube farmers were sad." It was like a blow to the head, tearing people's only trace of joy into pieces. , and then disappeared without a trace. The tone of the whole poem is low, and the writing is vigorous and powerful. It is full of worry and helplessness, but also contains protest and injustice against nature. (Originally published in Liu Xiaofeng's "The Sky Has Colorful Clothes") The entries in Baidu Encyclopedia are for reference only. If you need to solve specific problems (especially in the fields of law, medicine, etc.), it is recommended that you consult professionals in relevant fields.
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References: 1. People’s Education Press Anhui Haozhou xi.gov.cn/bozhoulishi/10-509.html [I will improve] Related entries: More Duo Xiaochi Jingye Si Village Open Category: Literature, Poetry, Ancient Poetry