The three fathers and sons of the Cao family are known as the three outstanding figures of Jian'an literature. Jian'an is the reign name of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty. The Jian'an literature generally referred to in literary history refers to the literature from the few years before Jian'an to the last year of Wei Ming Emperor (239). It is actually the literature created under the rule of the Cao family. Mainly during the Jian'an period. The representative writers are mainly Cao's father and son (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi), the seven sons of Jian'an (Kong Rong, Chen Lin, Wang Can, Xu Qian, Ruan Yu, Ying Jun, Liu Zhen) and Cai Yan. Jian'an writers used their own straight words to express their ambitions and ambitions to make contributions, setting off the first climax of literati creation in the history of Chinese poetry. Since it was the Jian'an era of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, later generations called it Jian'an literature, also known as Jian'an style.
Jian'an literature, especially poetry, absorbed the strengths of Han Yuefu folk songs, with rich love words and a generous and sad artistic style, which more truly reflected the social reality of the late Han Dynasty and the thoughts and sentiments of the literati. The representative figures of Jian'an literature are Sancao and Qizi, with Sancao as the core. Cao Cao is the leader and founder of Jian'an literature. His representative work "Hao Li Xing" describes the tragic scene during the warlord period, and "Dan Ge Xing" is a well-known masterpiece. Cao Pi was the second son of Cao Cao. His poems were euphemistic and pathos, mostly with themes of love and sadness. Cao Zhi was the most famous writer of this period. He has more than 100 poems and articles that have been handed down, such as "Liang Fu's Journey to Mount Tai" which depicts the painful life of the people, "Beauty Chapter" which describes love, and "Ode to the Goddess of Luo". wait.
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Jian'an was the most exciting period in the history of the late Han Dynasty. Some famous battles took place during this period, such as the Battle of Guandu, the Battle of Chibi, The Battle of Weinan, etc. Among Cao Cao's many sons, two were outstanding. The three fathers and sons together accounted for more than half of China's culture at that time. It can be said that "three parts of the world are full of moonlight, and two parts are all in the Cao family." Cao Cao's heroic strategies and love for the soldiers are unmatched by his two sons. Even his "do not trust those who employ people, and do not use those who doubt" have a great impact on me. Inspiration. Cao Cao was an outstanding statesman, military strategist and writer in the late Han Dynasty. He was the leader and outstanding representative of Jian'an literature. In addition, he also wrote more than 20 poems and 140 articles on military affairs. His works include "Sun Tzu's Brief Interpretation", "Synopsis of the Art of War", "The Art of War", etc.
The most prominent feature of Cao Pi's poetry is "literary morale". Although his poems are based on Yuefu folk songs, they tend to be literati. The emotional experience of the poem is sincere and profound, delicate and implicit, and the characteristics of Cao Pi's poetry are also reflected in the innovation of artistic form. It is the earliest complete seven-character poem in the history of Chinese poetry. Cao Zhi made great contributions to the development of seven-character poetry. Cao Zhi was the most outstanding poet in the Jian'an period. In terms of artistic style, Cao Zhi's poetry widely absorbed and integrated the poetry of previous generations. On the basis of this, an artistic style with the characteristics of the times and distinctive individual characteristics has been formed. It is both generous and sad, and it is also subtle and graceful.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Jian'an Literature