Basic discipline: First, if you ask "What did you write", you must answer the intrinsic substantive meaning (induction and synthesis after translation).
Second, if you ask "how to write", you must answer the tips and the intrinsic meaning (that is, what tips are used, what intrinsic meaning is written, and you can also answer the efficacy of writing like this and the author's feelings).
Third, if you ask "what is effectiveness (efficacy or benefit)", you must answer the tricks, internal substantive meaning, effectiveness and feelings (note: first answer what is effectiveness, efficacy or benefit, and then answer what tricks are used and what is internal substantive meaning. Only in this way can we be complete and we will not live up to it.
Fourth, if you ask "why do you write like this", you must answer the intrinsic substantive meaning (that is, the reasons can be summarized and synthesized from the poem, often expressing the utility of the theme of the poem, and paying attention to "knowing people and discussing the world"), and also answer from the layout (that is, the utility in the layout).
5. If you want to "analyze" the title question, you can reply in the form of 2.
Second, recognize and distinguish the types of classical poetry (from the perspective of internal substantive significance). After understanding, we can quickly infer the intrinsic meaning of poetry and the tricks often used. For example:
Write the scenery first and express your feelings. For example, Pu Tian's landscape poems, of course, the inherent essence of such poems is to write about the natural scenery seen and heard, and the tricks are often investigated from the perspective of rhetoric and expression style.
The second is the feeling of things. Such as farewell, high taste, this kind of poetry, is nothing more than improvisation, seeing things and thinking about people, that is, feeling things, such as cherishing flowers, hurting spring and mourning autumn. , with various tricks.
Third, recite things and express your ambitions. For example, chanting poems about things means expressing one's feelings and will (generally speaking), Huang Zhong's destruction, arrogance, affectation, sanity, enthusiasm, loneliness, nobleness, vulgarity, difference and pollution. (the inner essence of thinking), meaning, examples, personification rhetoric, comparison, contrast, ambiguity, comparison, etc.
Fourth, nostalgia for history. This kind of poem, on the other hand, likes the past and hurts the present, and uses the past to satirize the present (in general). The past is prosperous and the present is declining, things are wrong, people are concerned about the country and people, courage is not paid (the inherent essence of thinking), allusion is used, daydreaming, comparison is made, foil is set off, praise is suppressed, and ridicule is made (for show).
Five, the war class outside the Great Wall. This kind of poems mainly describe unique scenery, to express the hardships of soldiers, to miss their hometown, or to show the patriotic energy of soldiers fighting hard to protect their country and defend their country, forming the standard style of "heroic descendants", but there are exceptions. I like to use special terms: heroic, impassioned, inspiring, meritorious, defending the country, bravely killing the enemy, not afraid of death, miserable life, homesickness, no choice but to serve the country, hopeless return to China, striving for peace, fighting in the coming year, poor soldiers abusing force, resentment and indignation, etc. (the inner essence of thinking), set out, set out.
Thirdly, we clearly examine several angles of poetry: language interpretation, image interpretation, evaluation of writing techniques and arrogance, and evaluation of the inherent substantive meaning of thought.
Fourth, the first way to understand poetry: starting from the topic, starting from the author's real age (knowing people and talking about the world), starting from the comments on the supply of test questions, and then speculating on the classification of poetry (see above) and the cultural connotation of common images.
Fifth, the answers to common questions are very important.
First, the investigation of language. (It may be the topic of "poetic eyes")
Posture mode, answering angle and speaking speed of questions;
(1) What are the language features of this poem? Let's talk about the language art of this poem.
Analysis: This kind of question is about the whole poem. Remember to always use technical terms to be invincible. Such as: the language is refreshing and elegant, and it does not fall into the same pattern; Mediocre and simple (simple and natural), full online drawing, no touch-up, return to simplicity; Compact, compact, concise and colorful; Implicit, quiet and quiet; Refreshing, clear and unobstructed, such as flowing water; Magnificent and unique, passionate, generous and heroic; The use of reduplicated words and sentences is lively, with musical beauty and rhetorical beauty. Note: when answering questions, please elaborate in poems, which will reduce points.
(2) Find out the "poetic eye" of this poem, or find out the most realistic words (function words) and explain their interests.
Analysis: the rhythm of answering questions-first find out the word and make sure it is used well, then use poetry to explain its appearance and deep meaning (that is, what scene the word depicts or what picture or image it reveals), and finally use it to promote what effect and express what feelings or feelings it has infected. "Efficacy" often uses evaluation words, as can be seen from the above analysis. For example, whether the utility or efficacy of using verbs and adjectives is accurate, vivid and appropriate; Numerals and adverbs often exaggerate or make the style easier to understand; Overlapping often strengthens the sense of language rhythm or exaggerates the utility; Color words can set off the atmosphere, increase the sense of picture, color and express expressions.
(3) Why is a word (sentence) in the poem used well? (Same as above, only the first step is omitted)
(4) It is not good to change one word in a poem into another. (It belongs to the same kind of question, the same as above, slightly different, so it is absolutely necessary to answer "OK" or "Bad")
(5) One word is the key to the whole poem. Why?
Analysis: Ancient poetry is very particular about conception, and often 1 or 1 constitutes the clue, emotional tone and the thought of the whole poem. Grasping this word can often test the examinee's mastery of the whole poem by seeing the big picture from the small. The rhythm of answering questions: first, from the role of words in highlighting the theme, and second, from the role of words in the layout of poems. If a poem begins, it will dominate the whole poem, and eventually it will cover the whole poem, which runs through the whole poem.
Second, image or image inspection. The objects, scenery and people existing in the guest can all become detailed and sensible artistic images. The image mentioned refers to the realm of imagination conceived by people relying on the image of the poet's feelings (that is, images). Including pregnancy, emotion and environment. When answering questions, three aspects are indispensable.
Posture mode, answering angle and speaking speed of questions;
(1) What kind of artistic image has this poem created? Please elaborate. (This is from the group test)
Analysis: The main artistic images are: bold and unrestrained, worried about the country and the people, wet shirt, retiring from Pu Tian, loving mountains and rivers, cherishing talents, caring for future generations, recruiting talents for the country, wandering around, noble and noble people, etc. When replying, the first step is to select 1 from the list (if you can't find it, please summarize it yourself). This is the overview; After that, you can choose words and phrases that describe the image in combination with poetry and explain them in detail. The above is the image of people. If it is the image of "things", first understand the poem, then explain the basic meaning of the image, and then explain the image of fact or meaning with the general idea.
(2) What images (landscapes) are written in this poem? What images are they? Explain in detail how images are formed.
Analysis: simply ask, just look for it from the poem, pay attention to finding it all, and don't copy the poem. The second question, please build an image and often use words-magnificent, lofty and broad, magnificent and broad and desolate; Lonely and lonely, cold and bitter, cold and lonely desert, cool and scattered; Comfortable and soft, beautiful and quiet, natural and moist, hazy; Intense stimulation, rich and gorgeous fantasy, colorful and intense stimulation.
The pattern of the third question is what kind of scenery this poem describes, what kind of environment atmosphere it sets off, and what kind of expression it sets off. These three aspects are indispensable.
Third, the investigation of writing or expression techniques (characteristics).
Posture mode, answering angle and speaking speed of questions;
(1) Q: What tricks are used in this poem or sentence? What's the effect? (Sometimes it's a bit tactful to ask, for example, how does this poem or sentence reveal the original image or feelings? At this point, it is absolutely necessary to answer the trick)
(2) To answer such questions, please follow the commonly used terminology: rhetorical essentials-analogy, metonymy, personification rhetoric, antithesis, exaggeration, repetition, rhetorical questions, etc. Lyric mode-direct lyricism (direct lyricism) and indirect lyricism (namely, scene lyricism, scene blending, scene bonding feelings); Mode of expression style-description, description, lyricism, group affection; Performance skills-contrast (positive contrast, negative contrast), contrast with music scenes, use of allusions, trying to promote first, suppress first, imagine daydreaming, combining reality with news, combining far and near (with a sense of organization), painting, etc.
(3) the rhythm of answering questions: first say what tricks were used, then explain them in detail with poems, and then say what feelings were expressed and what happened.
Fourthly, the investigation of the inner essence of thought (feelings or purport).
Posture mode, answering angle and speaking speed of questions;
(1) What is the inner essence of this poem? What did you reveal?
Analysis: This is the title question from the group question and answer. The internal substantive meaning can be answered in detail in combination with the poem, and the answer lies in the poem. As long as you remember the common theme or feeling, the average city has something to say. For example, when you are worried about your country's injury (the exposed people are stupid, outdated and pedantic, or poor soldiers abuse force, react to the pain of separation, share the pain of lovers, worry about the future and luck of the nation, stop fighting and pursue peace), make contributions to your country (the hope of making contributions, the frustration of political disappointment, the sadness of Huang Zhong being abandoned, the sadness of being unable to repay his personal courage, and the sadness of being unable to serve the country), People who miss their hometown (worried about traveling, missing relatives and friends, missing people in the border areas, missing people in boudoir, and hating and resenting people in the palace) have mixed feelings about life (passionate about nature and full of feelings about the decline of Putian mountains and rivers, I am lamenting that the past is better than the present, I am sad about the past or hurting others' feelings for the past, I am sad about the loss of youth, and I am depressed about my career).
(2) The pattern of other rhetorical questions: Some people think this poem is so, some people think so, and some people think both. What's your opinion? Please briefly explain the reasons.
Analysis: First of all, there must be a way to say it, and then explain in detail what this poem has written, what tricks it has used, what role it has in expressing the topic, what feelings it has expressed and what has happened. Such a reply is complete, and the probability of losing points is very small.
(3) Explain the utility of scenery description in poetry to express the author's feelings.
Analysis: what scenery to write first, then how to write, then express what feelings, and finally what works.
Reference 1: First, define the image, and analyze its characteristics, cold and warm colors, seasonal colors, true and false news, etc. Second, interpret the rhetorical devices such as metaphor, personification rhetoric, metonymy, ambiguity and contrast to control the image of poetry. Third, understand the tradition of China people, understand the aesthetic physiology of works of art, remember the meaning of some special images, explain the types of "poetic eyes" and put forward the mode of difficult problems. For what? ② Find the word 1 that best expresses the poet's feelings from two sentences. (3) Some versions of a word in a sentence in this poem are used as a word. Which do you think is better? Why? (4) What is the role of words in expressing ideas through expression? Explanation and answer reminder: In the past, people often sought reality in their poems. To preset this type of question, you need to chew out these words honed by the ancients. When answering questions, you can't just talk about words, you should put them back in sentences and elaborate them in combination with the poet's image, theme and feelings. The key points of the answer are: ① It must be "good" or better; (2) Explain the semantic or linguistic meaning of words in sentences; (3) Open your reverie and imagination, and restore the word you think is "good" to the situation in the sentence; Point out what kind of feelings the word expresses or what kind of image it sets off.