Author: Shen Quanqi
brief introduction
Shen quanqi
(656 ~ about 7 14), the word Yunqing, was born in Neihuang County of Xiangzhou (now Neihuang County of Henan Province). Jing Longzhong entered the Xiuwen Pavilion as a bachelor, enjoying the same fame as Song, and was praised as "God Song" by the world. They summed up the experience of creating new poems since the Six Dynasties, and made great contributions to the maturity and stereotypes of regular poems.
theme
Keywords: Tang poetry
Column keywords: 300 Tang poems
Category: Seven-character Rhyme Yuefu
Genre: Poetry
Time: Introduction of Early Tang Dynasty
original text
Alone (1)
Shen quanqi
Lujia young woman Yu Jintang, Haiyan amphibious cap beam (2).
Hearing the cold beat of the washing mallet shake off the leaves, Liaoyang expedition will go for ten years.
The news was lost in the White Wolf River. This is Red Phoenix, and the autumn night is long.
Who said she was sad alone? She only saw the moonlight on her loom.
To annotate ...
(1) Solitude: an old topic in ancient Yuefu, mostly about the pain of meeting and hating each other late.
② Lujia young woman: refers to Chang 'an young woman. Liang Wudi's "Fraxinus mandshurica" says: "The river flows eastward, and the daughter of Luoyang is named Mochow. ..... Fifteen married into the Lu family, and sixteen were born with the word Ahou. " Haiyan: Swallows often nest on beams. Tortoise shell: It's a tortoise. Tortoise shell is beautiful and can be used as an ornament.
(3) Anvil (zhēn): a stone used to smash clothes. In ancient times, clothes were mostly smashed in autumn. Urging wood leaves: refers to the sound of the anvil rising in autumn, and the leaves also fall with autumn. Garrison: Garrison Liaoyang: In today's Liaoning Province, ancient times is an important frontier.
④ White Wolf River: Daling River in Liaoning Province today. Feng Dan: refers to the capital Chang 'an.
⑤ Yellow flowers: variegated silk. The trip to Gulefu: "Big women weave again, and China women weave yellow."
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This is an imitation of ancient Yuefu. The content of the poem is mainly to think about women's nostalgia for recruiting people. Through the description of the environment, the poet highlights the sadness of missing women, and highlights the loneliness of missing women with the flying and cohabitation of swallows; Use a cold anvil to urge the leaves to fall, and the bright moon shines yellow to set off the sorrow. The combination of scene and artistic conception is vivid. This poem has a great influence on the regular poems of the later Tang Dynasty, especially the frontier poems, and has always been highly respected. Yao Nai said it "promoted the voice of the Tang Dynasty, far from the ancient rhyme. This is a masterpiece of God and should be crowned once. "
This seventh tune borrows the ancient Yuefu title "Invisible Alone". Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poems solved this problem: "You can't see alone, but you can't see sadness." The protagonist of this poem is a young woman in Chang 'an, and what she "thinks but doesn't see" is her husband who has been in Liaoyang for ten years and will never return. In a euphemistic and touching style, the poet described the lonely and sad situation of the heroine who lived in a luxurious house on an autumn night with cold anvil everywhere and rustling leaves for a long time.
"Yu Jintang, a young woman from Lujia, and the swallows perched in pairs on the tortoise-shell beam." Mochow, a young woman from Lujia, was a character in Liang Wudi's Poems of Xiao Yan, and was later used as a synonym for young women. Turmeric is a kind of perfume, and mud coating can make the room fragrant; Tortoise shell is a kind of tortoise. Its tortoise shell is very beautiful and can be used as an ornament. The first two sentences exaggerate the beauty of the heroine's boudoir with strong colors: tulips and mud are painted on the wall, and tortoiseshell is decorated on the top beam. How fragrant and gorgeous! Lian Haiyan also flew to the beam and settled down. The word "amphibious" is used in secret. Seeing the tenderness of Liang Shanghai Yan, this "Mochow" woman may have some feelings, right? At this time, I heard the sound of west wind blowing leaves and the sound of anvil pestle outside the window. Autumn is deep, the weather is cold, and every household is busy preparing warm clothes for the winter, especially those wanderers who have husbands outside! This further aroused the concern of young women. The sentence "cold anvil urges wood leaves" is amazing. Obviously, the rustling leaves make people beat their clothes and the anvil sounds constantly, but the poet deliberately reverses the subject and object to render the psychological reaction caused by the anvil sound. In fact, it is the sound of cold anvil leaves that drives the young woman's boudoir lovesickness, which makes her feel more empty and lonely, and more worried about what she thinks. My husband has been stationed in Liaoyang for ten years, and she has been gone for ten years.
The word "White Wolf Hebei" in the neck couplet should be linked to Liaoyang. Ten years have passed, and my husband is broken. What's his situation now? Is fate good or bad? What time are you coming back? Is there a return day? ..... Everything, in the vast uncertainty, people even miss a quasi-landing. Therefore, in the autumn night sky, the thinking woman in the south of Chang 'an is not only lonely, lonely, but also missing and expecting, as well as worrying, anxious, more worried and more scared, so that she can't imagine. The word "memory" in the first part of the couplet has a more profound expression here.
Cold anvil, rustling autumn leaves, how do young Lujia women fall asleep? What's more, the annoying bright moon actually came to have fun, dazzling the yellow curtains through the window screen, which only increased the trouble. The first six sentences are a description of the poet's sympathy. At the end of the sentence, the two sentences become the heroine's monologue, which makes her angry with the bright moon. The novel and ingenious poetic context greatly expands the artistic conception of full moon Philip Burkart and enhances the lyrical color.
In this poem, the emotions of the characters are closely combined with the environmental atmosphere. "Where are the Swallows Living on the Tortoise Beams" highlights the loneliness of "Yu Jintang, a young woman from the Lujia family". The cold leaves in the south of the city and the autumn night highlight the thoughts and sorrows of "Liaoyang Expedition will die for ten years" and "News is lost in the White Wolf River". The love story of loneliness and loneliness at the end is rendered with the scenery of "the bright moon shines yellow", which looks memorable. In terms of techniques, there are negative reflections ("Haiyan lives in two places") and positive foil ("Muye" and "Long Autumn Night"), which describe the heroine's sadness of "thinking but not seeing" in many aspects and angles. Although the theme of poetry is boudoir life, the language has not lost its grandiose habit since Qi Liang, but it seems to have a wide realm and a flying momentum, which gives people a feeling of "going downstream". The feeling of internal compilation (Volume 5).