The whole poem is as follows:
Meng
Anonymous in the pre-Qin Dynasty
The Chi Chi of the Mang embraces cloth and trades silk. Bandits come to trade silk, and when they come, they come to plot against me. Send the son to Sheqi, and go to Dunqiu. The bandit is my fault, and I am an unscrupulous matchmaker. The general will not be angry, and autumn will come.
Ride on that wall to hope that the pass will be restored. Not seeing the return pass, I burst into tears. Seeing the return pass, I laughed and talked. Erbu Erzhen, the body has no blame words. Come with your car and move with my bribe. (Er's first work: ER)
The mulberry leaves have not yet fallen, and their leaves are like silk. Come on! No mulberries to eat. Come on! No time to hang out with scholars. It can still be said that scholars are delayed. A woman's procrastination cannot be explained.
The mulberry trees have fallen, and they have turned yellow and fallen. Self-imposed, poor at the age of three. The water in Qishui is flowing, and the curtains and clothes are gradually falling. Women are also unhappy, and scholars behave differently. Scholars are also extremely ignorant, but only have two or three virtues.
I am a married woman at the age of three, and I have to work hard at home. Work hard and sleep well at night, and the day will come. Once the words are fulfilled, they become violent. My brother didn't know, so he laughed. Think about it quietly and bow to yourself in mourning.
As we grow old together, old age makes me resentful. Qi has a bank, Xi has a bank. At the banquet of the general manager, he talked and laughed, and made vows without thinking about the opposite. On the contrary, if you don’t think about it, that’s enough!
The explanation of the whole poem is as follows:
A simple and honest farm boy, holding cloth in his arms in exchange for silk. In fact, it's not really about changing silk, it's about finding an opportunity to talk about marriage. I sent Lang off to the west of Qishui, and I fell in love with him when I arrived at Dunqiu. It's not that I don't want to miss the date, you are not a matchmaker and it's rude. Don't lose your temper. Autumn is here to marry you.
Climb up the broken earth wall and gaze at Fuguan from a distance. Fuguan is far away in the clouds and mist, and I can't see my lover's tears. The lover came from Fuguan, talking and laughing happily. If you go to divination and seek help from the gods, you will feel happy if there are no bad omens. Come in your car and carry the dowry for me.
When the leaves of the mulberry tree have not yet fallen, the branches are covered with luxuriant green. Shhh, those turtledoves, don't put mulberries in your mouth. Hey young girls, don’t cling to men. If a man falls in love with you, it will be too easy to throw him away. If a woman is in love with a man, it will be difficult to break away if she wants to.
The leaves of the mulberry trees have fallen, turning yellow and haggard and swaying. Since I married into your family, I have suffered in poverty for three years. The vast Qishui River sent me home, and the water splashed on the car and made the curtains wet. There is nothing wrong with me being a wife, but your man is too cunning. Capricious and without rules, he changes his mind and plays tricks.
After many years of marriage, she has been a woman and has done the heavy housework. It's not hard to get up early and go to bed late. Being busy at home and abroad is not a day. Unexpectedly, after the family was established, he gradually became violent towards me. The brothers didn't know my situation, so they all laughed when they saw me. Calm down and think about it carefully, feeling sad and crying secretly alone.
Back then I vowed to live together forever, but now I am worried about my future. The surging Qishui River will eventually have a shore, and the swamp will have an end even though it is wide. Recalling the joy of being young, the tenderness between talking and laughing. The vows of eachother are still in our ears, but unexpectedly they turn against each other and become enemies. Don't think about betraying the alliance again, let it go now that it's over!
Explanation of words and sentences
Meng: "Shuowen" "Meng, the people." The original meaning is the people from outside. Here it refers to the people who came from there, and it is a substitute for men. Chi (chī) Chi: means "Chi Chi", smiling. A simple and honest look.
Trade: transaction. Baobao silk is barter.
The second sentence of "bandit comes": It means that the person is not really here to buy silk, but is here to discuss things with me. The matter discussed was marriage. Bandit: means "fei", pronounced as "fěi". That is: come closer, get closer. Plan: discuss. Ancient sound mī.
Qi: The name of the river in Weiguo. Today's Qihe, Henan.
Dunqiu: place name. Today's Qingfeng, Henan. Qiu: The ancient pronunciation is "to deceive".
愆(qiān): fault, fault, here refers to delay. This sentence means that it is not because I want to delay the agreed wedding date and refuse to marry, but because you have not found a good matchmaker.
General (qiāng): wish, please. Wu: means "Wu", don't want.
Ride: board. 垝 (guǐ)垣(yuán): collapsed wall. Lai, collapsed. Yuan, wall.
Fuguan: ①Fu, return. Checkpoint: Checkpoint set up on the main road. The woman hopes that the man will come to meet her when the time comes. He must pass through the gate when he comes. When it comes to "Fu", it is the name of Guan. ②Fuguan: The place name of Weiguo, which refers to the place where "rascals" live.
Tie: tears; Lianlian: shed tears. At first, she didn't see him coming back behind the closed door, thinking that he had broken the promise and couldn't come, so she burst into tears.
zaì: verb prefix, meaningless.
Erbul筮 (shì): Burning the cracks in the tortoise shell to determine good or bad luck is called "divination". The use of yarrow (shī) grass for divination is called "筮". Body: Refers to turtle omens and hexagram omens, which are the results of divination.
Jiu (jiù): unlucky, disaster. No evil words: It is the no evil hexagram.
Bribery: property, refers to dowry, dowry (lián). The above four sentences mean that you should check the fortune from the divination. As long as the result of the divination is good, you will send a car to marry the bride and move the dowry there.
Woruo: It is still "Woran", as shiny as if it has been soaked in water. The above two sentences use the period of mulberry's prosperity as compared to the period when one is satisfied with love and has a better life.
Yu Cai Jiuxi: Yu: Tong "Xu" (xū) originally means to express surprise, otherwise, emotion, etc. Here and sigh both express emotion. Dove: Turtle dove. Legend has it that turtledoves will get drunk if they eat too many mulberries.
Dan (dān): obsession, addiction, excessive greed and pleasure.
Said: Through "taking off", liberation.
Meteor (yǔn): fall, fall.
The falling yellow leaves are used here to describe the decline of a woman’s beauty in old age. Yellow: Turn yellow. It is yellow and falls: Just like the "Yun is yellow" in "Shang Shang Zhe Hua", Yun is also yellow.
傂(cú): go; 傂er: marry into your family.
Poverty: living a life of poverty.
Tang (shāng) soup: the appearance of vast water.
Gradually (jiān): soaking. Curtain (wéi) Shang (cháng): the curtain beside the car. The above two sentences are about crossing the Qishui River and returning home after being abandoned.
Shuang: Error.
二: The wrong word for "貣(tè)". "裣" means "Intuit", which is synonymous with "Shuang". This means that love is not exclusive. The above two sentences mean that the woman is not at fault but the man's behavior is wrong.
甔: none, no; Ji: standard, criterion.
Two or three virtues: half-hearted in moral character, and inconsistent in words and deeds.
The family is overworked: all the household work is too much to bear. Housework: housework. Extravagant: None.
Two sentences of "Suxing": It means getting up early and going to bed late. This is the case from morning to morning, which cannot be calculated. Su: Morning. Xing: Get up.
The words are complete: the word "yan" is a particle and has no meaning. Succeeded: This is the meaning of "both birth and childbirth" in the "Gu Feng" chapter, which means that the wish has been realized.
咥(xì): smiling. The above two sentences mean that my brothers still don’t know what I’ve been through and they all laugh at me when we meet.
Jing Yan Thinking: Calm down and think about it carefully, saying: syllable particles, no real meaning.
I mourn for myself: I am sad alone. Bow, oneself; mourn, sad.
Two sentences of "Jier": I promised to grow old with you, but the talk of growing old together only made me resentful.
鰰 (xí): a low-humid place; regarded as "wet", the name of water is Luohe River, a tributary of the Yellow River, flowing through the territory of Weiguo. Pan (pàn): Tong "pan" waterside, edge. The above two sentences follow the previous sentence, saying that water flows must have banks, which means that everything has its limits, but my worries are endless. The implication is that if you grow old with such a man, it will be a sea of ??misery.
Zongjiao: In ancient times, when men and women were minors, they tied their hair into a bun, which was called Zongjiao. This refers to boyhood. Feast: happiness.
Yan Yan (yàn): happy and cheerful.
Dandan: Sincere.
Anti: the word "return". Don't think about it: Never think about breaking your oath.
On the contrary, do not think: violate these. Yes, a demonstrative pronoun, referring to an oath. The meaning is to repeat the previous sentence, and the syntax is changed to rhyme with the next sentence.
Finished: concluded, terminated. Yanzai (pronounced as zī in ancient times): Modal particles are used together to strengthen the tone and express exclamation. The last sentence is equivalent to saying forget it!
Appreciation
In the first one and two chapters, the "Collected Poems" says: "Fu Ye." It describes in detail the process of a man proposing to the heroine and getting married. It was at a market. In the name of buying silk, a man confessed his love to the heroine. He would smile playfully and lose his temper at other times. It could be said that he acted both soft and hard. But this simple woman couldn't see through his true nature, so she said someone had to be a matchmaker, and finally set the wedding date in autumn. From then on, the woman thought about it day and night, "riding on that wall to see Fuguan". When she couldn't see Fuguan where the man lived, she burst into tears. When she saw Fuguan, it was like seeing the person she loved. I couldn't help but smile. She also performed divination to predict the luck of the marriage. When the man sent a car to marry him, she took all her belongings and got married. The narrative in these two chapters is real and vivid, and the poet's self-image as an innocent girl is also vividly portrayed. Fang Yurun commented on this paragraph and said: "If you don't see it, you will be worried, but if you see it, you will be happy. If the husband's love cannot tolerate it, the woman will be crazy about the lover." (ibid.) The word "crazy". It points out the depth of this woman's love.
The "Collected Poems" says that the third chapter is "prosperous by comparison" and the fourth chapter is "prosperous", which means that these two chapters are mainly lyrical, and both poems use mulberry trees to rise. The poet wrote about her youthful beauty until her body declined, and at the same time revealed the man's process from love to rejection of her. "The leaves of the mulberry leaves are as lustrous as before they fall." The moist and shiny mulberry leaves are a metaphor for a woman's beautiful face. "The mulberry leaves have fallen, and their yellow leaves have fallen." The withered and yellow mulberry leaves fall, which is a metaphor for a woman's haggardness and abandonment. "When the doves come to complain, they don't eat mulberries; when the girls come to complain, they don't have time to hang out with scholars." Then the next sentence is "Jie doves don't eat mulberries, and they don't eat mulberries." ("Book of Poems"). Mulberries are sweet, but if you eat too many doves, you will easily get drunk; love is beautiful, but if you are infatuated with many people, you will be easily deceived. Men can be freed from being addicted to love. Once a woman falls in love, she cannot break away. What a painful language! From the green mulberry leaves to the yellow mulberry leaves, it not only shows the woman's age from prosperity to decline, but also implies the passage of time. "I have been poor since I was three years old." It is generally believed that a woman has been married for three years, but there is another explanation: "Three years old, many years. According to 'three', it is an imaginary number. It means that it is many, but it does not actually mean three years." ( Cheng Junying's "Translation and Annotation of the Book of Songs") actually means that after a woman has been married for several years, the relationship between husband and wife gradually became discordant and eventually broke down. The woman had no choice but to take the car again, cross the Qishui River, and return to her parents' home. She thought over and over again and realized that she was not wrong at all, but that the man had "two or three virtues". Here, the woman looks back on her married life in an introspective tone, looking for the reason for being abandoned. As a result, she learns a lesson: in a man-centered society, there are only infatuated women and heartless men.
The fifth chapter of the poem uses the technique of a poem to describe the situation before and after being abandoned. The first six sentences continue the previous chapter, "I was forced to live in poverty at the age of three" and add to the suffering of being a wife for many years. She got up early She sleeps late, works hard, and once times get better, her husband becomes violent and cruel. The word "violent" can make people imagine the ferocious appearance of the husband and the scene of the heroine being abused. The last four sentences describe how she was ridiculed by her brothers after returning to her parents' home. "The Biography of the Collection of Poems" explains this passage: "Because he ran away from others and was not disapproved by his brothers, so when he saw that he was abandoned and returned, he was not sympathized with by his brothers. It is inevitable that he should be blamed, but he mourned for himself. That's all." It is not advisable to say that the heroine "ran off for sex"; but other words can help readers understand the mental pressure she was under at that time and the inner conflicts caused by it.
Chapter 6 is both a poem and a poem, narrating in a lyrical way. When they first fell in love, they were talking and laughing; But resentment developed in him before he was old and was irreversible. Two metaphors are used here: the vast Qishui River always has banks; the vast and continuous swamp also has edges. The implication is: Why does my pain never end? "The Biography of Poetry Collection" points out that "this is Xingye", in fact, it is Xingxing in comparison. The poet used these two metaphors to express a strong sense of resentment and tell the boundless pain of an abandoned wife. In order to get rid of these pains, she made up her mind to cut off the emotional connection with the man: "If you don't think about it, that's it!" From then on, she no longer hoped that he would change his mind, forget it, forget it. But can she really do it? Fang Yurun thought: "Although the words have been spoken freely, how can the heart forget them?" ("Original Book of Songs") Yes, judging from this woman's always loving character, it is impossible for her to completely break up with the man emotionally. This is what is often said today. tragic character.