original text
Song of the Wheel Tower Farewell to Feng, General of the Western Expedition
Cen Can [Tang Dynasty]
"The horn of the wheel platform blows in the night, and the flag of the wheel platform descends in the north of the wheel platform." .
The military book was sent overnight, but Khan had invaded the west of Jinshan.
From the watchtower to the west, smoke billowed, and the Han army camped north of Luntai.
Admiral Lu Bing marched westward, and the whistle began to sound at dawn.
The drums are like thunder, and the three armies shout and play strings in the mountains.
The enemy camp is grim and ferocious, and the bones still hold the roots.
The river is cold and snowy with goose feathers, and the sand mouth is cold and the water chestnut is off. (Snowflakes are wide: clouds are wide)
Wang Qinzheng, the son of Xiang, vowed to serve the country in order to calm the border jam.
Since ancient times, the history of history has always been there, and today's generals are better than the ancients.
translate
At night, the horn sounded at the head of Luntai City, and the North Star of Luntai City was landing.
The military books were sent to Quli overnight last night, and Khan had invaded the west of Jinshan.
Looking at the smoke billowing from the west tower, the Han army camped in the north of Luntai.
The general took Jeff and led his western expedition. At dawn, the flute sounded and the army set off.
The drums of war surged in Xue Hai, and the armed forces roared at Yinshan.
The enemy camp is grim and ferocious, and the bones on the battlefield are still wrapped in grass roots.
The cold wind in Jianhe River is fierce, the goose feather is heavy, the sand mouth is cold, and the horseshoe is frozen.
Yaxiang and Wang worked hard together and vowed to serve the country and pacify the border.
In ancient times, historical fame was not uncommon, but now the achievements of generals are famous in the ancients.
To annotate ...
Dr. Feng: Feng Changqing, a general of the Tang Dynasty, was born in Zhou Pu. He was honored as the deputy general of Anxi and the deputy ambassador of four towns in Anxi, who knew how to save our lives. Later, he was promoted to the general nurse of the North Court and served as our envoy to Anxi. Western Expedition: The story of this Western Expedition is not recorded in the history books.
Horn: the horn of the army.
This is the name of the star, the Pleiades in the twenty-eight nights. The ancients believed that it dominated the rise and fall of Hu people. Head drop: a sign of Hu people's failure.
Feather book: that is, feather state, an emergency document in the army, with feathers inserted on it, indicating urgency. Quli: The name of the Western Regions in Han Dynasty, located in the southeast of luntai county, Xinjiang.
Chán Yu: the title of Xiongnu monarch in Han dynasty, referring to the leader of nomadic people in the western regions. Jinshan: refers to Bogdo Mountain in the east of Urumqi.
Garrison tower: A tower where troops are stationed.
Admiral: that is, general, referring to Feng Changqing. Luo: On Luo Festival, the ancient kings gave their ministers something to symbolize their status.
Ping Ming: One is Xiao Hu.
Drum cutting: a "drum protector". Xue Hai: Between the main peak of Tianshan Mountain and Lake Issyk.
Three services: refers to the whole army. Yinshan: In the middle of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region today.
Luce: The enemy's military fortress. Militarism: the atmosphere of fighting.
Jianhe: Place name, in today's Xinjiang.
Shakou: an "estuary" with a geographical location to be tested.
Yaxiang: refers to the ancient scholar Feng Changqing. In the Han dynasty, the position of the imperial historian was second only to that of the prime minister, so it was called Yaxiang. Diligent king: Diligence is king and serves the country.
Qing history: historical records. In ancient times, bamboo slips were recorded in cyan, so it was called Qing History.
Distinguish and appreciate
The contents of these seven ancient poems are different from the Song of Running the Horse River in Farewell to Feng, the General of the Western Expedition. A song "Song of Running the Horse River" in Farewell to General Feng of the Western Expedition did not write about fighting, but through the scene of soldiers marching in a snowy night, it set off the trend of winning. This poem directly talks about war, and the specific techniques are different. This poem can be divided into four layers.
The first six sentences are about the tension between the two armies before the war. Although it creates an atmosphere, it is different from Song of Running Horse River in Farewell to General Feng written from the natural environment. There is flying sand and stones, suggesting that there will be a fierce battle; However, here, we start directly from the battle: the horn of the head of the military department cuts through the night sky, showing a strange silence, suggesting that the troops have entered a state of intense preparation. According to Historical Records: "It is often temminic Head (Changtou), also", the ancients believed that Hu Bing was the main cause of Changtou's jump, and Hu Bing was the main cause of Changtou's fall. "The bell on the eaves of the wheel tower blows at night, and the flag at the north end hangs down", starting with "Luntai City", creates a coherent language situation and sets off the wartime atmosphere around the city. Linking the two phenomena of "blowing the horn at night" and "decapitation" can not only express the meaning of the enemy, but also symbolize Tang Jun's victory. The atmosphere was full, and then he said in turn, "Scouts, in the dark, are passing through Quli (southeast of luntai county, Xinjiang), and Khan is already west of Jinshan (Altai Mountain)", and explained that the reason for the tension is Hu Bing's invasion. Because of the upside-down technique, the opening is surprising and alarming. "To the west of Jinshan, the Tatar chieftain has stopped" and "to the north of Lunta, the China army is camping" describe the confrontation between the two armies with the same sentence pattern and the word "in". The two sides were so close that "from the lookout, we could see dust and black smoke" wrote a silence on the edge of fierce fighting. The tension in the situation is explosive.
Then four sentences wrote the days of starting and fighting. Its technique is quite different from the Nocturnal Song in "Running Horse Song Farewell to General Feng of the Western Expedition". Some people walk in a hurry, don't listen to human voices, and try to describe nature; Playing the flute and cutting the drum here is an open array, a banner of justice, and shows the prestige of the army. The opening is so sudden, and the screenwriter is so calm, calm, relaxed and powerful. The author is good at describing nature, strong winds, heavy snow, severe cold and heat. Here, the army is the same style, the flag will be "general" (a symbol of military power), the three armed forces will write "army" and the foot soldiers will shout "shout". In a word, "the fact of its characters is the greatest, the most magnificent and the most enjoyable, just like 120 drum and 70 golden pheasants, which is very shocking." It is just the opposite of a poet who is as small and sad as silk and bamboo. "(Xu Jiarui's" Cen Can ") So the prestige of the army is beyond nature, as if the frozen Xue Hai is surging, and the majestic Yinshan Mountain is shaking. This superb pen shows an invincible spirit.
"And the Yinshan Mountain is shaking with the shouts of ten thousand people", it seems that Hu Bing is going to lose. Little did I know that the author made a mistake in the next four sentences. The battle is not overwhelming, but it is extremely difficult. "The cloud and the wind are spinning at one point", which indicates that the other army has assembled. Poets use each other's strength to highlight their own strength, which is a wonderful way to compare strength with strength. "Across the field, the grass roots will tighten around the bones", which implies that there will be heavy casualties in the battle through the bleak atmosphere of the battlefield. The following two sentences are extremely cold. The two place names "Jianhe" and "Shakou" have a general meaning, and the place names themselves are murderous; Writing the wind as "urgent" and the snowflake as "wide" all highlight the characteristics of the frontier climate; Moreover, the phrase "the horseshoe falls off when the stone is frozen" is particularly strange: the stone is hard, and "the stone is frozen" is even harder. If we can make the horseshoe fall off, the hardships of war are self-evident. The author's description of extreme cold and sacrifice seems to exaggerate the horror of war, but this is not his ultimate goal. As a poet who has perseverance and likes heroic things, to write so vividly about the cold and danger of the battlefield is to face up to and appreciate a tragic picture. He wrote this to praise the dedication of the soldiers. The more he writes about danger and pain, the more proud he becomes. Just like people who eat peppers, the hotter their tears, the happier they are. (Xu Jiarui's Cen Can) When it comes to the "ups and downs" of the next floor, he should also have his own experience.
The last four sentences take care of the topic. I wish you a triumphant performance and end with praise. In 754 AD (the thirteenth year of Tianbao), Feng Changqing took the position of our time as prime minister in the Han Dynasty, so the beauty in the poem was called "Yaxiang". Although the dust settles at the border, only the oath is written, the positive narration and side contrast of the war in the first two layers have strongly hinted at the victory or defeat of this war. The last two words of congratulations say "who hasn't seen it", which means that the ancient books of fame and fortune are widely circulated in Jane Eyre. If it is a romantic number, it depends on the present. "But here we see a living person, stronger than the dead", plain and unpretentious, hitting the floor, should be seen from a distance at the beginning of the article, which is enough to cause the whole article. In the last level, the battle was hard, but here, the glory of victory was written, one was suppressed and the other was raised, and the ups and downs were born. The first two sentences rhyme and have a fast rhythm, but these four sentences rhyme together, just a feeling of relaxation and happiness. In the eyes of other poets, on the one hand, it is "crossing the field, the grass roots will closely surround the bones" and on the other hand, "but here, we see a living person, stronger than the dead", which inevitably makes people feel that "one will succeed, and ten thousand bones will wither", which masks his sympathy for the weak. As an important representative writer of romantic poetic style in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Cen Can prefers the strong and likes to create the image of superman. This is exactly what readers feel from "we read stories from the old times in the Green Book, but here we see a living person, more powerful than the dead".
The whole poem is written in four layers, with ups and downs, compact structure and excellent sound and emotion coordination. It has a positive description, a side contrast, and uses symbolism, imagination and exaggeration, especially exaggerating the dignity of the great army, resulting in a magnificent picture, which makes the whole poem full of romantic passion and the breath of frontier life, and successfully shows the heroic spirit of the soldiers of the three armed forces in serving the country. In this respect, it is no different from a Song of Running the Horse River in Farewell to General Feng of the Western Expedition.
Creation background
This poem was written in 754 AD (Tianbao 13th year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty) or 755 AD (Tianbao 14th year). At that time, it was Feng Changqing's farewell poem of the Western Expedition that was the judge of the Northwest Court of An. This poem and Song of Running Horse River Farewell to General Feng in the Western Expedition were written for the same event and object at the same time.
Brief introduction of the author
Cen Can (7 18? -769? ), a native of Jiangling, Jingzhou (now jiangling county, Hubei) or Jiyang, Nanyang (now Nanyang, Henan), a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was also called "Gao Cen" with Gao Shi. In the third year of Tianbao (744), he won the top prize, and was awarded the military power of Cao Can, the leader of the government, three years later. After that, he joined the army twice, first as the secretary of Anxi Gao Xianzhi shogunate, and then as the judge of Anxi Feng Changqing shogunate at the end of Tianbao. At that time, Cen Can was a secretariat of history (now Leshan City, Sichuan Province), so it was called "Cen History". In the autumn and winter of 769, Cen Can died in Chengdu at the age of 52 (5 1). In terms of literary creation, Cen Can's poems are good at seven-character quatrains, and he has a cordial feeling for frontier fortress scenery, military life and exotic cultural customs, especially frontier fortress poems.