March 21, 17:08 Fuzhou Pinghua
Fuzhou Pinghua is the main local folk art variety in Fuzhou. It has the most professional artists and the highest frequency of performances among the five major local folk arts in Fujian Province. The genre of music is also a rare flower in the North and South Pinghua (storytelling) community, and is known as a "living fossil of humanities". It originated from the art of storytelling that is told in Fuzhou dialect and sung in a poetic style. It is popular in more than a dozen counties and cities in Fujian Province, including Fuzhou, Minhou, Yongtai, Changle, Lianjiang, Fuqing, and Minqing. It is also performed in Taiwan Province and areas where overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia live together. Fuzhou Pinghua originated in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. According to legend, Ju Fuchen, Liu Jingting’s eldest disciple, went to Fuzhou Shuangmenlou to teach his apprentices and passed down the art. There are several engraved versions of the commentary from the Yongzheng and Qianlong reigns of the Qing Dynasty, including "The Seven-Star White Paper Horse", which shows that the commentary was already very popular at that time.
Today, my country’s Pinghua is a big family. From northern Pingshu to southern Fujian Pinghua, their artistic models are basically the same. ——Historical novels and martial arts cases are performed through bookstores, teahouses and rural walks. Only Fuzhou Pinghua adheres to the combination of rhyme and prose, speaking and singing. In addition to speaking, it also includes chanting; in addition to the fan and wood, a cymbal is added; in addition to speaking of big books, it also includes "smoke powder, ghosts and monsters". Small book themes such as "Shima Jinge", "Shima Jinge", "Prosperity Transforms into Thailand", legends, etc.
Fuzhou Pinghua collects local news and facts from alleys, and accumulates a batch of local stories in the performance, which is particularly rich in local style. In addition to performing in bookstores, teahouses and rural walks, Pinghua actors also set up "Pinghua Halls" (now replaced by business liaison offices for various folk art troupes) to accept employment from "high platforms". People in urban and rural areas with a radius of hundreds of miles, encountered folk festivals and During the red and white festivals, you can go to the business contact office of the folk art troupe at any time to make an appointment with the actors and the time and place for the performance. The actors will deliver the books to your door regardless of rain or shine.
The origin of Fuzhou Pinghua is also closely related to the special trajectory of the development of Fujian culture. Fuzhou belonged to the Minyue culture in ancient times. After experiencing several large-scale Han immigrants in the Central Plains, especially the large-scale, organized and politically dominant immigrants led by brothers Wang Chao and Wang Shenzhi in the late Tang Dynasty, the Han culture was finally integrated. The Minyue culture developed into the Eight Min Culture. The art of speaking was also introduced at this time, and Wang Shenzhi personally organized singing and opera to welcome Master Yan to Gushan Yongquan Temple. By the Song Dynasty, poems written by Li people showed such grand scenes as "sons and daughters watch the market together, and talk about the separation of Chu and Han", and "street warriors sing and sing when they are young, and then act in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and talk about the Western Capital" (Liu Houzhuang's poem in the Southern Song Dynasty). (See Tao Zongyi's "Records of Stopping Farming in Nancun") In the Ming Dynasty, the rural sages Lin Hanshangshu and Ye Xianggao's chief minister both began to compile the novels.
Fuzhou Pinghua is a story-telling art that is mainly about speaking and also singing. There are three types of singing styles: sequence head, chanting, and pleading. The preface is a short book of praise before the performance of the main text, which is similar to the "entering words" of ancient storytellers. Singing is the basic singing style. It can be used for performance singing, and can also express the characters' inner monologues and dialogues between characters. The tunes include [Mountains and Flowing Water], [Langtao Sha], [Lianzhu], [Drops of Gold], and [Tears]. 〕wait. The suing pai is highly musical and is used for characters to express their life experiences and grievances. During the singing, chopsticks are used to strike copper cymbals for interlude. In addition, folk tunes are sometimes used in conjunction with the storyline, such as [New Year Song], [Zhen Wu Zai], [Thirty-six Calls], [Five-Character Duplicate], etc., and the names of birds, flowers, and fruits are sung, which is quite effective. fascinating.
There are two types of performances: high-stage performance and bookstore performance. High-stage performances are performed by invitation during the slack seasons in rural areas and during festive occasions in cities, and the performance period is short. Bookstore performances are mostly long books, focusing on compact and lively plots and full of suspense to attract the audience. Bookstore performances generally focus on speaking but not singing, while koan books only focus on speaking and not singing. Language is the main performing art method of commentary, which emphasizes popularity and image. It often uses folk proverbs and other oral language, and uses sound modeling to allow the audience to identify various characters. Expression is an auxiliary means for commenting. The range of movements is small. The first priority is eyes, followed by gestures and postures to reflect the mental state and appearance characteristics of various characters. The emphasis is on spiritual resemblance rather than physical resemblance.
The characteristics and advantages of Fuzhou Pinghua have allowed it to accompany Fuzhou people for hundreds of years and always maintain its youthful vitality. Centered in the urban area of ??Fuzhou, it is popular in the ten cities of Fujian. It has its footprints in some counties and cities in eastern Fujian, northern Fujian, and southern Fujian. It is also scattered in Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. It has also followed fellow travelers abroad to Southeast Asian countries, Fuzhou Pinghua is one of the five major local folk arts in Fujian Province that has the most professional artists and the most frequent performances. In the 1980s, it made breakthrough achievements in professional team, creation, performance, teaching, theoretical research and external exchanges. Its programs and papers have repeatedly won national awards, and its actors have been invited to visit the United States, Singapore and Hong Kong.
There are many books on Fuzhou Pinghua, and more than 300 books have been collected and recorded. The themes are divided into 5 types: long explanation books, short explanation books, semi-length and short explanations, public case books, and family books. Changjieshu are all historical texts, including "Three Kingdoms", "Sui and Tang Dynasties", "Jingzhong Yue Zhuan", etc. Short explanations are martial arts novels, including "Seven Heroes and Five Righteousnesses", "Peng Gong'an", "Shi Gong'an", etc., which are rarely told by people now. Semi-long and short books include "Water Margin" and so on. Public case books specifically tell stories about upright officials petitioning for orders for the people and redressing injustices. Most of them are books unique to Fuzhou Pinghua and full of local color, such as "Eighteen Sentences of Princes", "Pearl Quilt", and "Eighteen Lives of Changtai". "wait. Among them, "Yishun Gezhudi", "Dragon and Phoenix Golden Ear Steak" and "Dried Tung Oil Boiled Noodles" have been improved after sorting out.
Family books mostly reflect family ethics and stories of joys and sorrows, such as "Gan Guobao", "Two Jade Cicadas", "Jade Bat", etc. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he created and adapted books such as "Nine Lives to Avenge Injustice", "Song of Flowing Water", "Spring and Autumn in a Small Town", and "Defending Yan'an"
There are many talents in Fuzhou Pinghua. The three outstanding heroes are Chen Chunsheng, Huang Tiantian, and Huang Zhongmei. The descendants of the three outstanding heroes are Wu Letian, Ye Shen Tong, and Su Baofu. Each of them followed their masters and developed and created. They have different artistic approaches. The child prodigy can speak, sing, and play cymbals. Wonderful, but good at comedy: Su Baofu is good at martial arts writing, delicate depiction, and good at humor; Wu Letian always writes and performs his own works, dedicated to expressing modern life, and has a unique style of reciting sentences according to the sound. They were artistically outstanding and dominated the music scene from the 1950s to the 1980s. Since the 1960s, Fuzhou music circles have included Lin Mulin, Chen Ruyan, Liu Minhui, Wang Qiuyi, Chen Yichao, Shi Qiyong, Fang Minzhong, Liu Chunyan and others on the list of young actors. Each of them has a group of fans and has become a rising star.
Fuzhou Folk Art Troupe Address: No. 59, Huangxiang Tel: 87536249
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