Wensheng: Ouyang Xiu Qu Sheng: Guan Hanqing Painting Sheng: Wu Daozi.
Du Fu (A.D. 7 12- A.D. 770) was born in Xiangyang, Han nationality, and then moved to Gong County, Henan Province. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who claimed to be a young man at night, was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.
Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
Du Fu wrote such famous works as Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. In 759, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about his life and managed state affairs. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.
Su Shi (103765438+108-108-24), whose name is Zi Zhan, whose name is He Zhong, was named Dongpo Jushi and Su Xian in the world. Han nationality, a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan City, Sichuan Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty. An important litterateur in the Song Dynasty, a representative of the highest literary achievements in the Song Dynasty. Song Renzong is a scholar of Jiayou (1056-1063). His poems have a wide range of themes, fresh and vigorous, good at exaggeration and metaphor, and unique style. He and Huang Tingjian are also called "Su Huang". Xin Qiji is the representative of the unconstrained style, also known as "Su Xin". He is also engaged in painting and calligraphy. There are Seven Episodes of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu and so on.
Wang Xizhi (303-36 1 year, 32 1-379), Han nationality, was a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was known as the "book saint". Langya (now Linyi, Shandong) was born, then moved to Huiji, Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), and lived in seclusion in Jinting County in his later years. Successive secretary, general Ningyuan, Jiangzhou secretariat, later literature and history records, right general. His calligraphy is good at calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy. The style is peaceful and natural, the brushwork is euphemistic and subtle, and it is beautiful. The masterpiece Preface to Lanting is known as "the best running script in the world". In the history of calligraphy, he and his son Wang Xianzhi were called "two kings".
Sima Qian (BC 145-90), born in xia yang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi), was born in Longmen (now Hejin, Shanxi) [1]. China was a great historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Tan's son, Ren Taishiling, was imprisoned for defending Li Ling's defeat and surrender, and later served as the secretariat. He worked hard to complete the historical records he wrote, and was called Shi Qian, Tai Shigong and the father of history by the later Buddha.
Sima Qian studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu in his early years, roaming around, learning about customs and collecting rumors. As a first-time doctor, he served in the southwest. In the third year of Yuanfeng (108), he was appointed as the Taishiling, inherited his father's business and wrote history. He created China's first biography and general history book (formerly known as Taishi Gongshu) with the historical knowledge of "studying the relationship between man and nature, understanding the changes from ancient times to modern times, and making a family statement". It is recognized as a model of China's history books, which records more than 3,000 years' history from the legendary period of the Yellow Emperor to the first year of the founding of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is the first of the "twenty-five histories" and is praised by Lu Xun as "a historian's swan song, and Li Sao has no rhyme".
Ouyang Xiu (65438+August 20071-KLOC-0/September 22, 072) was born in Yongfeng, Jizhou (now Yongfeng County, Ji 'an City, Jiangxi Province), a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and was politically famous.
Ouyang Xiu was the first literary leader to create a generation of literary style in the literary history of the Song Dynasty. [1] led the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, and inherited and developed Han Yu's ancient prose theory. His high achievements in prose creation and his correct theory of ancient prose complement each other, thus creating a generation of writing style. Ouyang Xiu not only changed the style of writing, but also innovated the style of poetry. In historiography, there are also high achievements.
Guan Hanqing (1219—1301), the founder of Yuan Zaju, the greatest dramatist in the history of China, and the head of the "Four Masters of Yuan Qu". The evening number has been borrowed (one name is A Borrow), and it has been borrowed. Han nationality, Xiezhou people (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), native of Dadu (now Beijing), Zhou Qi people (now anguo city, Hebei), etc. Together with Bai Pu, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu, they are also called "the four masters of Yuanqu". Zaju achieved the greatest success, with 67 dramas and 18 dramas. Whether individual works were written by him is still inconclusive. The most famous is Yuan. Guan Hanqing has also written many historical dramas, such as single knife meeting, single whip, West Shu dream and so on. Now there are more than 40 pieces of Sanqu, 10 sets. His Sanqu is rich in content, fresh and vigorous in style and of high artistic value. Guan Hanqing's image of "I am a copper pea that can't be steamed, boiled, boiled, fried or cracked" ("I am not old") is also widely known, and is known as "Qusheng".
Wu Daozi (about 680 ~ 759 AD) was a famous painter in the Tang Dynasty, and his painting history was praised as a sage in painting, as well as metaphysics. Han nationality, from Yangzhai (now Yuzhou, Henan). Born in 680 AD (the first year of Yonglong), he died around 758 AD (the first year of Gan Yuan). Lonely and poor, you will have a painting name when you are young. He used to be the county commandant of Qiu Yan (now Ziyang, Shandong Province), and soon resigned. After that, he settled in Luoyang and engaged in mural creation. During the Kaiyuan period, he was called to the DPRK for his good painting, and successively served as a doctor, an internal teacher and Wang You. He studied calligraphy with Zhang Xu and He, watched sword dancing and experienced the skill of using a pen. He is good at Buddhism, ghosts and gods, figures, landscapes, animals, plants, pavilions and so on. , especially good at Buddhism and figures, and good at mural creation.