The other side of Du Fu's poetic style: the nature of Xiaosan
The Relationship between Du Fu's Poetry Style and Du Fu's Situation and Mood
The main style feature of Du Fu's poems is depression and frustration, and the emotional tone of the depression and frustration style is sadness. Du Fu is a poet who cares about national security and people's sufferings. In turbulent times, personal setbacks are full of sadness at the touch. There is a deep anxiety in his poems, whether it is sketching people's sufferings, homesickness for friends, or writing about his own poverty, his feelings are profound and broad. His poems contain an accumulated emotional force. Every time he wants to spit it out, his kindness and his Confucian self-restraint form a neutral attitude towards life, which suppresses the grief that is about to spit it out and makes it slow, deep and low. The long chapter is like this, and so is the short chapter. For example, in "From Beijing to Fengxian, recite 500 words", the ambition is lost first, the official position is unsuccessful, and it is hidden. The middle four sentences turn, and the feelings are ups and downs. When the grievances of the aftermath were about to erupt, he put aside his personal grievances and turned to the description of Mount Li. From the extravagant life on Mount Li, I wrote that "the wine and meat in Zhumen stink, and the bones on the road freeze to death", the feelings of grievance and resentment seem to erupt again, but no, the feelings whirl around and become a deep sigh that "the honor and disgrace are so different that it is hard to describe". "Wen Taosi introduced that the younger son was hungry. I would rather give up a mourning, and the alley also sobbed. Being a father, if you have no food, you will die. " The grief-stricken feelings seemed uncontrollable, but they did not erupt. "Meditate on the unemployed, because they are far away." Sadness stops in the south, and the hole cannot be broken. "Personal grief has become a deep concern for people's suffering, leaving endless charm." Two Dreams of Li Bai is also a good example of this kind of repeated expression of feelings. I saw it in my dream, and I doubt it is true. Obviously he really came, and he wondered why he could escape from the cage. Said he didn't really come, but also clearly saw his gaunt color in the moonlight. Really untrue, showing a strong friendship like wine, deep and low, ups and downs. The Northern Expedition, Horse Washing, Zhuangyou, Qiqu Tonggu, and giving Zheng eighteen dollars to demote Taizhou households are all such examples. Depression and frustration are the main styles of Du Fu's poems. Depression is emotional sadness; Drug withdrawal is the ups and downs of emotional expression and repeated low returns.
Du Fu's poems have other styles besides melancholy and frustration. Hu Zhenheng said that Du Fu's poems are "precise and detailed, skillful and clumsy, dangerous and shallow, thick and thin, and endless" ("Tang Yin Gui Qian", Volume 6). That is, the diversity of Du Fu's poetic style. The diversity of styles is a sign of the artistic maturity of great writers. Among the diverse styles of Du Fu's poems, the nature of Xiaosan is another important feature. Leisure and fun, quiet Ming Xiu realm and exquisite scenery description constitute the natural characteristics of Xiao San. There are many such poems, such as "Two Water Threads":
The hut is far away from the hustle and bustle of Chengdu, with a spacious courtyard, no villages around and boundless vision. Clear water, almost drowning both sides; Green trees and flowers in full bloom in the evening. It was drizzling, and the fish jumped out of the water happily; The breeze is blowing gently, and the swallows slant across the sky. The city is crowded with thousands of people; There are only two Three Lamps District here, and it's free.
Fish and birds enjoy themselves, and in a quiet atmosphere, they have a leisurely and happy mood. "The heart of water is indisputable, and it is too late for the cloud to care" (Jiang Ting). "Look at the bird on your back and look back at the wrong person" ("Two Songs in the City" Part I). "Wild boats are fine with fire, herons leave round sand" (the second of two letters of intent). "Qin mud follows the swallow's mouth, and bees must have stamens" (Xu Bu). "When bees fly, they will stick to flocs; As soon as the ant flies, it dries the pear "(drinking alone). These are the products of mistress's mood and leisure. The most representative of this style is the seven quatrains of finding flowers in one step by the river, and the third one is:
There are two or three families living in the bamboo forest beside the river bank, and the provocative red flowers set off the white flowers. I have a place to repay the happiness of spring. Joan can take her time at the hotel.
Fifth:
Four yellow maiden flowers thrive on the road covered, and thousands of flowers bow and the branches are low. The butterflies in the flowers are dancing, and the soft yinger in freedom is just singing happily.
Seventh:
It's not that the love for flowers will die, but because the fear of flowers can only be. It's easy to drop flowers when flowers bloom to the peak. Bud, please discuss it slowly.
This group of poems expresses Xiaosan's natural feelings calmly and elegantly, which is fascinating. The same is true of Nine Poems.
The formation of different styles of Du Fu's poems seems to be related to Du Fu's different situations in different periods or different moods in the same period. When his life is rough, wandering, or in the midst of war, thoughts of home and country and feelings of life naturally gush out, and sad songs are generous. Poetry at this time is often characterized by depression and depression. Most of the poems in Chang 'an, Thief Descending, Huazhou Zhangzhou Period, Longshu Road and After Kuizhou are of this style. When his life is a little stable, he writes some poems that are scattered naturally. During the time in Chengdu Caotang, there were many such works.