1. "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" is one of Bai Juyi's most popular poems. It was written in the first year of Yuanhe (806), when the poet was serving as county captain in Tongzhi County, Shaanxi Province. This poem was composed when he and his friends Chen Hong and Wang Zhifu visited Xianyou Temple and were inspired by the stories of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. In this long narrative poem, the author uses concise language, beautiful images, and a combination of narrative and lyrical techniques to narrate the love tragedy of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei during the Anshi Rebellion: Their love was ruined by the rebellion they caused.< /p>
, are endlessly eating the bitter pill of this spirit. Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang were both historical figures. The poet did not stick to history, but relied on a little shadow of history, based on the legends of the people at that time and the songs of the neighbors, to create a twists and turns and moving story. It is described and sung using the artistic form of looping and lingering emotions. Because the stories and characters in the poem are all artistic and are complex and true representations of real people, they can create ripples in the hearts of readers of all ages.
"Song of Everlasting Regret" is the song "Eternal Regret". "Eternal Regret" is the theme of the poem, the focus of the story, and a seed buried in the poem that touches people's hearts. As for what to "hate" and why to "eternally hate", the poet does not directly narrate and describe it, but shows it to the readers layer by layer through the poetic stories in his writing, allowing people to figure out and ponder it for themselves. To feel.
The first sentence of the poem: "The Emperor of Han valued beauty and thought of his country." It seems very ordinary, as if the story should have started from here, and the author did not need to put any thought into it. In fact, this The seven words are of great content and form the outline of the entire poem. They not only reveal the tragic elements of the story, but also evoke and guide the entire poem. Immediately afterwards, the poet used extremely frugal language to describe how Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty paid great attention to and pursued beauty before the Anshi Rebellion, and finally got Yang Guifei, who "looked back with a smile full of charm, and the pink and white in the sixth palace have no color." It describes the beauty and charm of Concubine Yang. After entering the palace, she was favored because of her beauty. Not only did she "newly inherit the favor", but also "the wonderful sisters and brothers are all from the earth". Repeatedly exaggerating how Tang Xuanzong indulged in sex, had fun, and indulged in singing, dancing, drinking, and sex in the palace after he got the imperial concubine. All these led to the Anshi Rebellion: "The Yuyang Pier stirred up the earth and shocked the colorful clothes and feathers." This part writes the internal cause of "Eternal Regret", which is the basis of the tragic story. Through this realistic period of palace life, the poet ironically introduces us to the hero and heroine of the story: an emperor who values ??sex over country, and a charming and doting concubine. It also vividly hints to us that Tang Xuanzong's lustful behavior was the root of this tragedy.
Below, the poet describes in detail the scene of the emperor's soldiers fleeing into the southwest in a hurry after the Anshi Rebellion, especially the destruction of the love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei during this turmoil. "The six armies had no choice but to do nothing. They died in front of the horses with their eyebrows turned. The flowers and flowers left the ground without anyone to take it, and the emerald golden birds and jade scratched their heads. The king hid his face and could not save him. Looking back, blood and tears flowed harmoniously."
It is written about the scene of their separation and death in Maweipo. "The Sixth Army did not send out" and demanded the death of Concubine Yang because he was angry that Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was infatuated with women and was causing harm to the country and the people. The death of Concubine Yang is a key plot in the whole story. Only after this did their love become a tragedy. Then, starting from "Yellow Aes Scattered in the Wind" to "The Soul Never Came to Dream", the poet captured the heart-wrenching "hate" in the character's spiritual world, and used a sour and moving tone to describe and describe the death of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty after Concubine Yang. The loneliness and sadness in Sichuan are also combined with reminiscing about the past on the road. After returning to the palace, I see things and think about people, and feel emotions when I touch the scenery. All the feelings of things and people are different all year round. The lingering longing for lovesickness makes people feel heartbroken. Precisely because the poet exaggerates the emotions of the characters to such an extent, the arrival of the Taoist priests and the appearance of the fairyland later give people a sense of reality, and they no longer think it is just a castle in the air.
From "Linqiong Taoist Hongdu Guest" to the end of the poem, it is written that the Taoist helped Tang Xuanzong find Yang Guifei. The poet used a romantic approach, suddenly going up to the sky and suddenly down to the earth, "The blue sky above fell to the yellow spring, and the two places were nowhere to be seen." Later, he found Yang Guifei on the ethereal fairy mountain on the sea, and asked her to describe her as "Lonely in Jade Face" The image of "tears running dry, pear blossoms bringing rain in spring" reappeared in the fairyland, welcoming the Han family's envoys with affection, conveying objects and words, reaffirming previous oaths, taking care of Tang Xuanzong's longing for her, further deepening and exaggerating the "eternal life" Hate" theme. At the end of the poem, the line ends with "As time goes by and ends, this hatred lasts forever", it points out the theme and responds to the beginning, and it is "voiceless enough" to give readers room for association and aftertaste.
The first thing that gives us the enjoyment of artistic beauty in "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" is the touching and moving story in the poem, as well as the exquisite and unique artistic conception of the poem. The center of the whole article is the song "Eternal Regret", but the poet starts from the "heavy color" and elaborates and exaggerates it as much as possible. "The sun rises high", "does not go to bed early", "nights are full of nights", "cannot see enough", etc. It seems that they are extremely happy, like a comedy scene. However, the extreme happiness reflects the endless hatred behind it. . Tang Xuanzong's debauchery harmed the country, which led to political tragedy, which in turn led to the love tragedy between him and Yang Guifei.
The creator of the tragedy finally becomes the protagonist of the tragedy. This is the special and twisty part of the story, and it is also the reason why the hero and heroine in the poem have "eternal hatred".
In the past, many people said that "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" had an allegorical meaning, and this is where the allegorical meaning of this poem lies.
So how does the poet express "everlasting hatred"? The poet described the death of Concubine Yang Guifei in Maweipo extremely delicately, and made concrete the inner conflicts and painful feelings of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty who could not bear to part with his love but wanted to save it. Expressed vividly. Because of this "bloody and tearful" farewell, there is that endless hatred. Subsequently, the poet used many pens and inks to repeatedly exaggerate Tang Xuanzong's longing for Yang Guifei from all aspects. However, the storyline of the poem did not stop at one emotion, but as the inner world of the character was displayed layer by layer, the sceneries that inspired him continued. Changes move time and the story forward, using the characters' thoughts and feelings to develop and promote the development of the plot. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty went to Shu after a farewell. He was very sad and miserable. On the way, he revisited old places, which brought back sad memories. After returning to the palace, he felt sad when he saw things during the day and couldn't sleep at night. I thought about it day and night but couldn't get it, so I put my hope in dreams, but it turned out that "after so many years of life and death, my soul never came to dream." At this point in the poem, the "hate" of "everlasting regret" has been written very touchingly, and it seems that the story can end here. However, the poet changed his writing style, opened up a different realm, and with the help of the colorful wings of imagination, he conceived a charming and moving fairyland, pushing the plot of the tragic story to a climax, making the story more twists and turns, with ups and downs and waves. This turn of events is both unexpected and reasonable. Due to the constant conflicts and collisions between subjective desires and objective reality, the poem vividly expresses the characters' ever-changing psychology, making the story more vivid and moving.
"Song of Everlasting Regret" is a narrative poem with a strong lyrical component. The poet uses the lyrical techniques that Chinese traditional poetry is good at in narrating stories and shaping characters, harmoniously combining narrative, scene description and lyricism. , forming the lyrical looping characteristics of poetry. The poet sometimes injects the characters' thoughts and feelings into the scenery, and uses the refraction of the scenery to highlight the characters' mood. Sometimes he captures the characteristic scenery and things around the characters, and expresses the inner feelings through the characters' feelings about them, rendering them layer by layer, just right. It expresses the inaccessible feelings hidden deep in the heart of the characters. On his way to the southwest, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was surrounded by yellow dust, plank roads, and Huangshan Mountains. The sun was dim, the flags were dull, and the autumn scenery was desolate. This is a sad autumn scenery to highlight the sadness of the characters. In the land of Shu, facing the green mountains and green waters, I still can't forget my love day and night. The mountains, mountains and rivers in Shu are originally very beautiful, but in the eyes of the lonely and sad Tang Xuanzong, the "green" of the mountains and the "blue" of the water are also nothing. It makes people sad. The beauty of nature should only be enjoyed in a peaceful state of mind, but he didn't, so it only increased the pain in his heart. This is to write about sadness through beautiful scenery, which makes the emotion deeper. The moonlight in the palace and the ringing of bells in the rainy night are already very provocative. The poet seizes these ordinary but characteristic things and brings people into a sad and heartbroken state. Coupled with the sight and smell, One color and one sound, intertwined with each other, also express the character's inner sorrow and desolation in language and tone, which is another level. On the way back to Dudu, "the world was spinning", which was originally a happy thing, but the old things were over again, and the beautiful face was gone, and I couldn't help crying. The narrative adds another layer of painful memories. After returning to Chang'an, "When I came back, the ponds and gardens were all the same. The hibiscus in Taiye was like willows. The hibiscus was like a face and willows were like eyebrows. How could I not shed tears at this?" During the day, due to the triggering of the environment and scenery, I associate the scenery with the people. The scenery remains the same, but the people are no longer there. I can't help but burst into tears. I seem to see the appearance of Concubine Yang from the hibiscus flower heads in Taiye Pool to the heavy willows in Weiyang Palace. It shows the extremely complex and subtle inner activities of the characters. "The fireflies in the evening palace are thinking for a while, and the solitary lamps are all burned out before they can fall asleep. The bells and drums are beginning to sound late in the night, and the stars are about to dawn." Written from dusk to dawn, it focuses on the scene of being haunted by emotions at night and being unable to fall asleep for a long time. This kind of bitter longing is like this "when the peach and plum blossoms are blooming in the spring breeze", and it is also like this "when the sycamore leaves are falling in the autumn rain". When I saw that the "Liyuan Disciples" and "Ajian Qing'e" from those years had turned gray and faded, which reminded me of the past joys, I felt sad. From the loose yellow leaves to the green mountains of Shu
, from the rainy night in the palace to the triumphant return, from day to night, from spring to autumn, I touch things and feel sad everywhere, I always think about people when I see things, and I repeat it from all aspects It exaggerates the hard pursuit and search of the protagonist in the poem. If you can't find it in real life, go to the dream to find it. If you can't find it in the dream, go to the fairyland to find it. Such ups and downs and layers of rendering make the characters' emotions spiral and rise to a climax. It is through such layers of rendering that the poet repeatedly expresses emotions and goes back and forth to make the characters' thoughts and feelings more profound and rich, making the poem "delicate in texture" and more artistically appealing.
As an eternal narrative poem, "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" has a high artistic achievement. Up to now, many people have affirmed the special artistic charm of this poem. How does "Song of Everlasting Regret" artistically infect and seduce readers? It's melodious and sentimental, which is probably its greatest artistic personality. It is also the power that has attracted readers for thousands of years, making them feel infected and seduced. .