Ivan Bunin was the first Russian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. He defeated his arch-rival, Maxim Gorky, a proletarian writer favored by Stalin. In the Russian era, the Nobel family lived in Russia for many years. By 19 16, one third of Russia's crude oil was in this company's hands. However, the Bolshevik October Revolution forced alfred nobel's nephew, Emmanuel Nobel, to flee from Russia, and his family lost the whole business empire.
In the late 20th century, when Emmanuel settled in Paris, he was closely related to anti-Soviet Russian immigrants including Ivan Bunin. Although the official said that he could not influence the decision of the Nobel Prize Selection Committee, his sympathy was obvious. Bunin won the prize because "he inherited the rigorous skills of Russian classical tradition in prose writing". The Swedish Academy Science Award clarified that Bunin was chosen to "make up for our conscience of not awarding prizes to Chekhov and Tolstoy". The Soviet media said that this award was for political purposes, because it was awarded to "the enemy of the revolution". So this award has been condemned in the Soviet Union for decades.
2. Boris Pasternak (won the prize in 1958)
Boris Pasternak won this honor for his "important achievements in the field of contemporary lyric poetry and great Russian epic tradition". His book "doctor zhivago" was just released to the whole world on the eve of winning the prize, and it was first published in Italy after the Soviet Union banned its publication. The official media and officials launched a harassment campaign against Pasternak.
Because he published novels abroad and won the Nobel Prize, he was called a traitor to the motherland. He is considered a traitor and an anti-Soviet. Pasternak was forced to give up his bonus and became an unwelcome person in the Soviet Union. At a meeting of * * * writers, there was a saying: "I haven't read Pasternak's works, but I condemn him." These words became the motto, symbolizing the stupidity of Soviet censorship.
3. Mikhail sholokhov (1965)
Sholokhov is the author of the epic novel The Silent Don, which tells the story of Russian Cossacks during the October Revolution and the Civil War. This novel is usually called "War and Peace in the 20th Century". However, this book also faces many controversies. There are conspiracy theories that sholokhov is not the real author because his other works do not show the same literary skills and talents. Nevertheless, the Committee declared him the winner. Because of his artistic strength and integrity, the author expresses the historical stage of Russian people's life in the epic novel The Quiet Don.
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