First, material selection is the premise and foundation of teaching activities.
1 conforms to children's age characteristics and interests.
Before the activity, our garden identified three themes: the group theme was "I love small animals"; The theme of the team is "Autumn"; The theme of the big team is "Motherland, I love you". The three themes meet the characteristics and interests of three age groups. Each class chooses specific content around its own theme, which is rich in content and involves five major fields. Take three themes as examples:
Small class: language activities "Frog loves high jump", "Uncle Xiong's birthday party", music activities "Chickens hatched", sports activities "Bunny Hug" and "Train Start".
Middle class: language activities "autumn leaves", music activities "fruit picking", scientific activities "fruit salad", sports activities "fruit gathering" and so on.
Big class: cradle of language activities, artistic activities such as the Yellow Crane Tower, Greater China, the motherland, I love you, and comprehensive activities such as a happy trip to China.
2 Close to children's life, in line with children's existing experience
In the selection of materials, "close to children's life" is easy to do, but "in line with children's existing experience" is difficult for teachers. Many times, I thought I was "in line with my child's existing experience", but after the trial teaching, problems appeared. Therefore, excellent teaching activities must be polished, revised and re-taught many times before they can be released.
The content is challenging and improves the child's original experience.
Regular activities are easy for teachers to try and accept. In this "in-class comparative teaching" activity, the teachers in our garden made bold attempts and innovations, and chose some challenging activities. For example:
Small class: a cat (training children's divergent thinking, demanding more from children), Qiqi's wand (learning the sentence "grow … shrink ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Middle class: Poetry "leaves" (rarely poetry), and arrangement of "colorful leaves" (there are leaves of different sizes and colors on one wall, so it is difficult to find out the arrangement rules).
Big class: Compose "Motherland, Motherland, I Love You", delicious tea (children know little about tea culture), crazy chair (children are not afraid to jump down from a 2-meter-high chair under the protection of the teacher).
It is beneficial to the sustainable development of children.
Only by fully understanding and analyzing children's current level and development needs can we design and choose appropriate activities and lay a good foundation for a good class.
Second, the goal is the soul and center of teaching activities.
The orientation of kindergarten teaching activities should write three-dimensional goals, knowledge and skills, emotions and attitudes, processes and methods. We advocate writing development goals rather than training goals, and the goals should start from an early age. Activity objectives should have the following characteristics:
(1) accords with children's age characteristics and cognitive level.
(2) Reflect the accuracy of objectives in various fields.
(3) The statement is clear, focused and distinct.
Teaching activities are closely centered around the goal. If the teacher's goal orientation is vague or there is no goal at all, it will affect the design and organization of the whole activity. In practice, the goal of developing a good class should be clear, which can integrate various elements such as cognition, emotion and attitude, promote children's sustainable development, and reflect suitability and integration. Examples of excellent activity goals are as follows:
1 the goal of scientific activity "color matching";
(1) Match red, yellow, green, black and white things according to the color relationship.
(2) In the process of color matching, cultivate children's initial logical thinking ability.
2 sports activities "training" objectives:
(1) Experience the fun of team games and the happiness of success.
(2) Develop children's walking, jumping, crawling and other skills in the game to promote the coordination of children's movements.
(3) Learn to follow suit and obey the rules of the game.
3 The goal of the art activity "origami-Yellow Crane Tower":
(1) Feel the fun of self-study and success after overcoming difficulties, and be interested in origami activities.
(2) Look at the step diagram, learn the folding method of the Yellow Crane Tower, and try to use the skills of pasting and painting to complete the work in groups.
(3) Cultivate the habit and ability of patience, carefulness, earnestness and cooperation in activities.
Thirdly, the activity process is the means and method of teaching activities.
Attention should be paid to during the activity:
(1) The process arrangement is reasonable and the links are progressive.
(2) Children can learn actively during activities.
(3) Being able to use effective questions.
(4) Teacher-student interaction and student-student interaction can be reflected in activities.
(5) Effective combination of teacher-led and children's subject.
Example of excellent activity flow:
1 the process of "color matching" in scientific activities;
(1) Listen and get a preliminary idea of color matching.
(2) Look around and learn about color matching.
(3) Give it a try and consolidate the study of color matching.
(4) Have fun, review and consolidate color matching.
2 health activities "autumn leaves" activity process:
(1) Warm-up activities: Children listen to music and enter the venue.
(2) Game activities: Children play games with leaves.
(3) Relaxation activities: Children rest with leaves.
3 Chinese activities "autumn gift" activity process:
(1) Guess who gave the gift.
(2) Know what color autumn is.
(3) contrast-what color to send in autumn.
(4) Have a taste-the taste of autumn.
(5) Listen-the sound made in autumn.
In experimental research, we often see that when teachers design learning activities under the background of curriculum reform, there is a pattern phenomenon, and there are many exchanges and summaries, but there are few interesting, artistic and challenging teaching methods. However, the implementation and design of the process just need various educational means to complete.
Thirdly, teacher strategy is the core and element of teaching activities.
After the teaching link is designed, it needs to be completed by the instructor. Let different teachers teach the same class, and the effect will be different. Whether the teacher's strategy is properly used in a class determines the effect of a class. The use of teachers' strategies has the following aspects:
(1) Teachers' use of body language, eyes, tone and intonation.
(2) Effective random guidance and good educational tact.
(3) Teachers' own appeal, atmosphere mobilization and control ability.
(4) Give children positive and targeted encouragement and help them in time.
(5) The combination of holistic orientation and individual concern.
Fourth, children's performance is the basis and guarantee of teaching activities.
When I participated in the 4th Hubei Preschool Teachers' Quality Class Competition, with the cooperation of the kindergarten children of China Normal University, the scientific activity "Ball Stand Firm" taught by Teacher Liu Jing in our garden was almost perfectly completed. The same class tried seven times in our garden, and each time there was something unsatisfactory. When participating in provincial competitions, children and teachers can cooperate tacitly, interact actively and answer questions perfectly, so that the activities can be successfully completed. Children's performance has the following aspects:
(1) Take an active part and be willing to show it at the event.
(2) Show good routines and habits in activities.
(3) Be able to interact with teachers, peers and activity materials.
(4) It can be improved on the original basis.
Through the activity of "in-class comparative teaching", teachers in our school have conducted in-depth discussions on teaching, and the educational concept has been well implemented in teaching behavior. Summarize the main points of collective teaching activities of a good class in one sentence. Links should be simple, goals should be rough, questions should not be asked at will, and activities should not be accumulated.